Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of HieroglyphsMiddle Egyptian introduces the reader to the writing system of ancient Egypt and the language of hieroglyphic texts. It contains twenty-six lessons, exercises (with answers), a list of hieroglyphic signs, and a dictionary. It also includes a series of twenty-six essays on the most important aspects of ancient Egyptian history, society, religion, literature, and language. Grammar lessons and cultural essays allows users not only to read hieroglyphic texts but also to understand them, providing the foundation for understanding texts on monuments and reading great works of ancient Egyptian literature. This third edition is revised and reorganized, particularly in its approach to the verbal system, based on recent advances in understanding the language. Illustrations enhance the discussions, and an index of references has been added. These changes and additions provide a complete and up-to-date grammatical description of the classical language of ancient Egypt for specialists in linguistics and other fields. |
Contents
Unliteral Signs | 15 |
Multiliteral Signs | 29 |
Nouns | 43 |
Pronouns | 59 |
Adjectives | 75 |
Adjectival and Nominal Sentences | 85 |
Prepositions and Adverbs | 105 |
Numbers | 123 |
The Other Forms of the Suffix Conjugation | 289 |
Adverb Clauses | 309 |
Noun Clauses | 331 |
Relative Clauses | 349 |
The Active Participle | 381 |
The Passive Participle | 403 |
Emphatic Sentences | 417 |
Middle Egyptian Grammar | 439 |
Adverbial Sentences | 139 |
Verbs | 163 |
The Infinitival Forms | 179 |
The Pseudoverbal Construction | 199 |
The Stative | 227 |
The sÿm n f | 245 |
The sÿm f | 265 |
Sign List | 467 |
Dictionary | 513 |
Text References | 537 |
Answers to the Exercises | 561 |
Index | 587 |
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Common terms and phrases
2ae-gem 3ae-inf active participle adjectival predicate adjective adverb clauses adverbial predicate adverbial sentence Akhenaten Amun ancient Egyptian base stem biliteral caus consonants Coptic coreferent Determinative Dynasty Egypt Egyptologists emphatic sentences ënã ending English Essay example expressed feminine geminated stem gender and number gods Helck hieratic hieroglyphic Ideogram independent pronoun infinitive intransitive verbs Jill king king’s language Lesson literally Maat main clause masculine singular meaning Middle Egyptian Middle Egyptian texts Middle Kingdom negated nisbe nominal sentence normally noun clauses noun or noun noun phrase participle particle passive sÿm.f Peas personal pronoun pharaoh Phonogram plural prepositional phrase Ptahhotep refers relative clauses rheme Sethe signs spelling stative suffix pronoun sÿm.f sÿm.n.f tense translated triliteral ungeminated unmarked adverb clauses usually Variant verb form verbal Westc writing written