The Philippines: A Past Revisited

abuses administration Agoncillo and Guerrero Aguinaldo American appointed barangay Batangas became Biak-na-bato Bonifacio Bulacan Catholic Cavite Cebu Central Luzon Chapter chiefs Chinese mestizos Church colorums communities Constabulary declared demands economic elected elite Emilio Aguinaldo encomenderos encomienda established exploitation export Felipe fight Filipino forces foreign friars galleon Governor guerrillas hacenderos haciendas Ibid Ilocos ilustrados independence islands Jose Katipunan labor Laguna land landlords landowners later leaders leadership Legazpi Magdalo Malolos Manila masses mestizos military movement Nacionalista Party nationalist native Negros Nueva Ecija officials organization Osmeña Pampanga Pangasinan Papa Papa Isio Paterno peasants Pedro people's Philippine Commission Pilar political President priests principales principalia provinces pulajanes Quezon rebels religious Renato Constantino Report resistance Revolution revolutionary Ricarte rice Rizal Sakdalistas Silang social society Spain Spaniards Spanish struggle sugar surrender Taft Tejeros tenants towns trade tribute troops United uprising