fourth degree either of blood or affinity, and fince her death fhe has been allied to thirty more. One inftance of her piety has been omitted by Bifhop Fither. She was admitted into the fraternity of five several religious houfes, (if not more,) Westminfter, Crowland, Durham, Winburn, and the Charter-houfe in London, which, in the ftrain of that age, as it entitled her to the prayers, fo it gave her a fhare in the merits, of all thefe focieties. And for her chastity, as it was unfpotted in her marriage, fo fome years before her death fhe took on her the vow of celibacy, from Bishop Fisher's hands, in a form yet extant upon our register; the reason, I suppofe, that her portraiture is ufually taken and depicted with a veil, and in the habit of a nun."

CLVI.-MR. THOMAS RANDOLPH.

Thomas Randolph was formerly Fellow of Trinity College, and poffeffed much poetical merit, though his writings are now not generally known. After his death a few of his poems were published, the fifth edition in 1664.

Prefixed to this volume, after the manner of those times, are numerous complimentary-verfes. One of the writers, Mr. Weft, of Christ Church, Oxford, thus fpeaks of these remains ;

But all his works are loft, his fire is out, These are but's afhes which are thrown about,

And now rak'd up together; all we have With pious facrilege fnatch'd from the grave, Are a few meteors, which may make it faid That Tom is yet alive, tho' Randolph's

dead.

Thy powerful lute, and fome fad requiems fing;

Till flocks requite thy echo with a groan,
And the dull clifts repeat the duller tone:
Then on a fudden with a nimble hand
Run gently o'er the chords, and fo command
The pine to dance, the oak his roots forego,
The holme, and aged elm, to foot it too:
Myrtles fhall caper, lofty cedars run,
And call the courtly palm to make up one;
Then in the midst of all the jolly train
Strike a fad note, and fix 'em trees again.

Pofthac, fi fapias tu, Diodore, legas. CLIX. DR.

METCALFE, the POPISH MASTER of ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE.

Mr. Baker's Account of the Masters of St. John's College, in his MS. Hiftory of that foundation, is written, as we have already obferved, with great liberality to all parties and to fhew that he was alfo juft in his Sketch of Dr. Metcalfe, the Popish Matter, we fhall make the following extract from Roger Afcham's excellent work entitled the Schoolmafter.

"Truly Dr. Metcalfe was partial to fome-was liberal to all; a mafter for the whole; a father to every one in the College. There was none fo poor, if he had either will to goodnels, or wit to learning, that could lack, being there, or should depart from thence for any need. I am witness myself that money many times was brought to young men's ftudies by ftrangers whom they knew not; in which doing this worthy Nicholas followed the fteps of good old Nicholas, that learned bishop. He was a Papift indeed ;' but would to God, among us Proteftants, I might find but one that would win like praife in doing like good for the advancement of learning and virtue. And yet, though he were a Papift, if any young man given to new learning (as they termed it,) went beyond his fellows in wit, labour, and towardness, even the fame nei ther lacked open praife to encourage him, nor private exhibition to maintain him as worthy Sir John Cheke, if he were alive, would bear witnefs, and fo can many alive; I myself, one of the meanest of a great number in that college, because there appeared in me fome fmall fhew of towardness and diligence, lacked not his favour to farther me in learning."

Roger Afcham, as every body knows, was Queen Elizabeth's claffical tutor, and fellow of St. John's. He nearly, however, loft his election, having fpoken against the Pope, at a time when the tide of opinion in the university ran full in his favour. All the Fellows were against him.

"And

"And yet, (continues Afcham,) for all their open threats, the good father himself privately fecured that I fhould even then be chofen Fellow."

Let the liberality of Ascham and Baker, who differed in fentiment fo materially from Dr. Metcalfe, be contrafted with the meannefs of Bishop Fell. We copy the following extract from Mr. Collins's Difcourfe of Free-thinking:

"The Right Rev. Bishop Fell corrupted in many places Wood's Hiftory and Antiquities of the Univerfity of Oxford, while it was in the prefs, and in particular ftruck out feveral paffages wherein Wood had done juftice to Hobbes, and inferted others in their ftead derogatory to his fame and character. Of this Mr. Wood himself acquainted Mr. Hobbes." I do not like thee, Dr. FellThe reason why thofe lines may tell, I do not like thee, Dr. Fell. CLX.-MR.CAMBRIDGE'S JOKE verfified.

Mr. O. Cambridge, whofe Works have been lately published by his fon, can claim only a nominal relation to our venerable mother, for he was of the Univerfity of Oxford. But most of his particu Jar friends being of Cambridge, and he himfelf foon leaving Oxford, we have not fcrupled to throw a good joke of his into very indifferent verfe, and take the liberty of prefenting it, in this form, to our Cambridge readers.

Mr. Cambridge, the Author of the WORLD, to bis Wife, who taxed him with being abfent at Church.

Quoth Sylvia to her fpoufe at church one day,

"You know, my dear, folks come to church to pray;

But you ne'er fay your prayers, nor fing a stave,

Abfent, as if you had no foul to fave: "Pray hold your tongue, (quoth Atticus, half furl'd,)

I'm thinking, dearest, of another World."

CLXI.

The following epigrams, publifhed at Cambridge, were written by a dudent of Trinity.

On bearing that the French bad melted down their Saints to purchase Artillery. Quoth a reverend priest to a lefs rev'rend friend,

"Where at length will the crimes of thefe French villains end,

Who their faints and their martyrs thus impiously fell,

And convert into damnable engines of hell?"

Prithee, why (quoth his friend,) are you fo much furpriz'd,

That Saints had their deferts, and were all canonix'd?"

CLXII.

On hearing a Gentleman who squinted affert that the Prophecies were to be underftood in a double jense. — By the fame. fpies;

A double fenfe no wonder
The fault's not in his head, but in his eyes.
CLXIII. ENGLISH UNIVERSITIES fuf-

ceptible of IMPROVEMENT.

Let no one take offence at the remark made in this day's paper, that our colleges rofe out of the ruins of monafteries. This was but ftating an historical fact, well known to the whole world, and introduced with all due respect for these ancient feats of literature. Monafteries were inftitutions well adapted to the times in which they were founded, and learning obtained refuge in them during the havoc of the dark ages. Our colleges, too, are certainly improvements on thefe old foundations, better fuited to the circumstances of more enlightened periods. But while they are made into a fort of ecclefiaftical corporation; while we retain graces which exclude very numerous perfons from all our colleges, and deprive them of all academical honours; while we impofe laws neither congenial to the aims of the original founders, to the fpirit of reformed focieties, nor to the fentiments of the prefent age, we fall fo far below the standard of perfection; we retard pub. lic improvements; we oppofe public li berty; nor can we offer to houses thus circumfcribed that nobleft of all titles, national inftitutions. High as our colleges ftand in the opinion of Europe and of all the world in other relpects, in this refpect they fink very low. But we with for reform, not for defolation; and hope, therefore, not to fall under the woe of a learned Doctor; choose rather to fay, with a father of the Church : Ω ανοητοι, συμβαλετε εαυτες ξυλῳ, λαβετε αμπελον πρωτον μεν φυλλορρει· είτα

we

βλαςος γίνεται, είτα φυλλον, είτα άνθος, και

μετα ταυτα ομφαξ, είτα σαφυλη παρετηκυία. Clementis ad Corinth. Ep. 1.

CLXIV. By a STUDENT of JESUS COL

At once your cheek and brow were flush'd, Your neck and ev'n your bofom blush'd; And fhame may claim the larger part,

In that fmooth neck, and all above: But the blush fo near the heart,

Oh! let it be a blush of love.
Pygmalion thus lit up with life
The ftatue that became his wife.

EPIGRAM. By the fame.
Dear Anne, a wond'rous Trinity
Hath made thee a Divinity,
The being ftrangely beautiful,
And ftrangely chafte and dutiful,
And what is more than either,
The being each together.

CLXV. ORIGIN OF STOURBRIDGE

FAIR.

The following extract is made from Dr. Fuller's Hitory of the University of Cambridge.

"This Stourbridge Fair is fo called from Stur, a little rivulet (on both fides whereof it is kept,) on the east of Cambridge, whereof this original is reported. A clothier of Kendal, a town characterized to be Lanificii gloria & induftria pracellens, cafually wetting his cloath in water in his paffage to London, expofed it there to fail, on cheap termes, as the worfe for wetting, and yet it fems faved by the bargain. Next year he returned again with fome other of his townfimen, proffering drier and dearer cloath to be fold. So that within few years hither a confluence of bu ers, ellers, and to: kers-on, which are the three principles of a fair. In memoria thereof Kendal men challenge fome privilege in that place, annually chooting one of the town to be chief, before whom an antic fword was carried with fome mirthful folemnities, difufed of late, fince thefe fad times, which put mens' minds into more ferions employments." This was about

came

14.17.

CLXVI-A confiant TENURE of princely

EARLS of CAMBRIDGE. '

The fame Fuller obferves, that "Richard Duke of York was at this time (A. 1436,) Earl of Cambridge, the latt that wore the honour for many years, in whofe death it was extinct. And now let the reader at one view behold the great

perfons dignified with the earlcom of Cambridge:

Scotch Kings::-1. David.-2. Henry. 3. Malcolm.

German Princes :-4. John Earl of Hen ult. 5. William Marquis of Juliers.

6. Edmund of Langley, fifth fon to

Edward the Third.-7. Edward his fon. -8. Richard Duke of York, his brother, father to Edward the Fourth."

"No city, town, or place, in England was ever honoured with fo many and great perfons as Cambridge was, whofe earldom, fleeping for almost two hundred years, was at last conferred by King James on the royally-extracted Marquis Hamilton."

CLXVII. - MR. MASON and CHURCH

MUSIC.

Mr. Mafon was Fellow of Pembrokehall, no lefs diftinguished for his skill in painting and mufic than in poetry. His love of painting occafioned him to publ fh a Tranflation of Freinoy's Latin Poem, de Re Graphica, which was accompa nied with Notes by Sir Joshua Reynolds. In his mufical character he published a book but little known, entitled "A copious Collection of the Portions of the Palms of David, Bible, and Liturgy, which have been fet to Mufic, and fung

as Anthems in the Cathedral and Colle

giate Churches of England; prefixed to which is a Critical and Historical Effay on Cathedral Mufic.”

This

itfelf

At the Reformation, cathedral-mufic contufted of harmonical proportions, or, more properly, of a confuted variety of parts, without any attention to fimple melodies, or even to fyllabic diftinctions. musical jargon infufed through the whole church-fervice, not only through the pfalmody and the parts ftill chanted in cathedrals, but even into thofe portions of Scripture which are now read, called the Epiftle and Gofpel.Speaking of this figurate defcant, in which different voices were expreffing different words at the fame time, Malon makes the following curious remark: "One example of this kind may fuffice, and a more ridiculous one can be hardly conceived. The genealogy in the first chapter of St. Matthew's Gospel was

:-

thus fet to mufic: while the bafs was hold ing forth the exiftence of Abraham, the tenor, in defiance of nature and chronology, was begetting Ifaac, the countertenor begetting Jacob, and the treble begetting Jofeph and all his brethren."

Renounce a claim injurious to thy powers, Content to shine in this terrestrial ball; A ftar can glitter but a few fhort hours,

E, R.

4th line, fhould read thus :

They

culter

Mox tua tam celeri ftrinxerit ora meus.

Our introducing novacula inftead of culter, and forgetting to correct the adjective meus, to answer it, occafioned the falfe concord :-** Quod abfit a Gilberto Wakefield!

For the Monthly Magazine. TRAVELS in NORWAY, by J. C. FABRICIUS, lately published at LEIPSIC. (Continued from page 115, No. 112.)

Ο

N the 22d of July our travellers went from Drontheim, in a boat with four ears, for Oerland, there to fee the fishing. The weather was unfavourable, fo that they did not arrive at Oerland till the evening of the 23d. Oerland is a peninfula of no inconfiderable extent. Its foil is partly peat-earth, and in part a common vegetable-earth, with a mixture of fand, and confiderably fertile. On that peninfula ftands perhaps the largest vil lage in Norway. To it belong fixteen farms lying all in one neighbourhood. The peninfula is deftitute of wood, but has abundance of turf for fuel. The peats are, when cut, fet up vertically to the number of four or five in every different affemblage. After being in this pofition confiderably dried, they are gathered in pyramidal heaps of confiderable bulk. In these heaps they remain till the beginning of winter, and they are then carried home on fledges. This whole peninfula has been formed by alluvia; and the inhabitants affirm that its extent is, by the fame means, every day enlarged. It is a curious fact, of which confpicuous inftances were here obferved, that the plants of the North are almost all viviparous; that is, the feed unfolds its energies in the very bofom of the corolla, out of which new buds arife. By fuch means Nature triumphs in these regions over the difad. vantages of an ungenial climate and a barren foil, and in a manner doubles the number of those few summer-days which are favourable to vegetation. The teaports on these northern coafts are never frozen up: fhips come and go all winter but in autumn the fea is extremely tempeftuous; and the rockiness of the coaft renders its navigation at all

mid is then erected. The fecond pyramid fuftains the roof. The board flooring between the two pyramids is at fuch a diftance above the level of the ground, that the rats and mice cannot climb up to it. Care is taken never to place any thing near the edifice which thole creatures might ufe as a ladder; for should they once get in, it would prove extremely difficult to clear it of them. Among other plants in this peninfula Mr. Fabricius obferved the Hippophae Rhamnoides, which, if any, he thinks might, from its remarkable hardinefs, be very fitly used to form quickfet-hedges in these parts. It is a fine fhrub in appearance, is never attacked by infects, and feems ever to thrive the belt in places which are the moft exposed to the wind. The whole morals on this peninfula appeared by many circumftances to have been formed by a retreat of the waters of the fea. The people even affirmed that different rocks which, thirty or forty years fince, were entirely funken, and in no ftate of the tide vifible above the furface, now remained in part dry, even in the highest springtides. There are in the bay abundance of falmon : two hundred or three hundred of them are taken annually by a very fimple contrivance. A net is extended from the fhore to a certain diftance out in the fea; a fecond net is attached to the farther end of the former, fo as to float from it at right angles: as foon as the falmon, who go always in a direction against the wind, are perceived to have been stopped by the firft net, the floating-net is drawn round, and their efcape is prevented: this is the whole contrivance. A good deal of oats and barley are produced here in mixture: this mixture is not ufed to make bread, but only a fort of pottage, called gruau, which is eaten by fervants and by the poor. The population of Oerland had been augmented by the number of from three hundred to four hundred fouls within the twelve years immediately preceding the year 1778. The roots of the houfes in the peninfula are in general covered with birch bark, and over that with turfs. Of late, indeed, the inhabitants had begun to cover them rather with

clay,

clay, which they painted red or brown.This last covering was found to be the leaft expenfive and the moft durable.The only occupation by which thefe iflanders can draw any wealth from other parts is fishing. They take large quantities of cod, torfk, and ling, from which they make a good deal of oil, and barrel large quantities of dried and falted fish for exportation. The cattle are likewife, in the winter, fed in part with a mixture of fish and lichens boiled together. Mr. Fabricius had here much fatisfaction in an acquaintance with an old peafant, whofe name was Niels Jufterfen Eide. That old man had been, fome years before, honoured with a gold medal and a filver cup from the Society at Copenhagen for the Improvement of Rural Economy.From the condition of a peafant, without a fhilling, he had risen by his own indus try to the poffeffion of an eftate from which he reaps an hundred tons of grain in the year. He is, in a manner, the creator of the fertility of his own lands. He began with renting and improving one fmall piece of wafte ground. To this he has been ever fince making additions which befpeak both boldnefs of enterprize and fingular perfeverance in toil.He has, by a mole, recovered a piece of ground from the fea: he clothes the bare rocks with productive foil taken from the peat-marshes he has drained an extenfive piece of ftagnant water, fo as to leave of the water only what is wanted for his farm-ules.-The herring-fishery is performed on these fhores by firft paffing a great net, called a nod, around fome rocks within the circuit of which there is perceived to be a fufficient quantity of herrings. The herrings thus confined are taken out with smaller nets at leifure. Several thousand tons may thus be fometimes taken at once. At this time in the feafon the belly of the herring is ufually reddish, and its excrements are of the fame colour. Thefe appearances are afcribed to the small craw-fifh which the herrings are known to devour with great voracity. The herrings, to free them from this excrement, are generally left during fome days in the confinement of the nod before they are taken out of the fea. Great quantities of the whiting-pout, or Gadus Barbatus, are often taken on the fame coafts: this fpecies are found to be much infetted with Lerneæ, or fish-lice.

On the 27th of July our travellers proceeded to an ifle called Otterholm. They obferved that the inhabitants of that ifle fmoke the leaves of the Angelica Archan.

gelica as a fubftitute for tobacco. They are likewife accustomed to use as a strong drink an infufion of the leaves of that plant in brandy. In their paffage among these ifles they observed fea-dogs from time to time raising their black fnouts above the furface of the water. This marine animal is much hated by the fishermen, because it frightens away the fishes which they wish to take. Its hide and fat are not penetrable by bullets. On the rocks at a distance from the fhore it is faid to be fo little afraid of man, that any number of the fpecies may be easily deftroyed by knocking them on the head.Juniper-bufhes are commonly burnt in the best apartments in this country, on account of the agreeable smell which they diffufe while burning. There is, however, an acid pungency in their smoke. Several of the fuci, or fea-weeds, are, in mixture with boiled fish, given for food to the cows. There is one among them, the fucus comedibilis: it fattens cows very faft, and gives an exquifite flavour to their milk. The eider-duck is a native of thefe rocks. The people of the country prepare nefts for thefe fowls among the rocks, and feize for their hire the down which the mother-duck plucks from her own body to give warmth to her eggs and young. One man living on one of the rocks the fartheft from the land will colleft in a year from fifty to one hundred pounds of eider-down, each pound being. worth ten rixdollars. There is a law by which any perfon killing an eider-duck is fubject to a fine of ten rixdollars; and yet there are numbers every year deftroyed, both by fhooting them with the gun and by carrying away their eggs.

Another fail brought our travellers to Chriftianfand. This is a trading-town of moderate fize, fituate partly on a jutting point of land, and in part on three fmall ifles, forming a bay of fome confiderable extent, and almoft circular. The houses of this town are arranged in an irregular circle around the rocks. The town itself was founded by Chriftian VI. in the year 1734. It contains about three thou-. fand inhabitants. It has a good harbour, which fhips can enter and fail from with any wind. Between the three ifles and the main-land there is room even for the largeft fleets: the anchorage is good; and fhips can come close up to any part of the town. The fishery principally employs the industry and commerce of the inhabitants of Chriftianfand. That industry and trade were long left exclufively to the English Company fettled in this town ;