LITERARY AND THEOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE.

ITALY.

A new work on Christopher Columbus has just appeared at Rome, written by the last descendant of the great discoverer, a priest in the Roman Catholic Church. The title of the work is: Patria e Biografia del grande Ammiraglio D. Cristofero Colombo de' Conti e Signori di Cuccaro. It is said to throw much light upon the early history of Columbus; and it gives a new portrait, believed to be authentic. An American translation is promised.

Dr. Wetzstein, Prussian consul at Damas, has purchased for his government five hundred Arabic MSS. for 70,000 piastres. They are destined for the Royal Library of Berlin. They comprise Mussulman works in history, medicine, mathematics, astronomy, geography and natural history. There are two fragments of the Koran, of remarkable chirography. The Tuscan Moniteur announces the discovery by M. Ottavio Gigli, in the Florence library, of an autograph work by Galileo, supposed to be lost, containing reflections and commentaries upon Dante.

The Athenæum gives an account of the progress of the new edition of the Italian Dictionary of the Della-Cruscan Academy of Florence, from which it appears that at its past rate of progress it will be completed in 513 years and 11 months.

Romain's "History of the Republic of Venice," vol. i., to be comprised in 10 vols.; Alberi's "Narratives of Venetian Ambassadors, in XVIth century," vol. viii.; "Historical Researches on the election of Pope John XXII.," Paris, 1854; Darus' "History of Republic of Venice," iii. vols.

FRANCE.

Mazarin's Letters from 1643 to 1661 are to be published under the authority of the French Academy: this will make the series of authentic French Memoirs complete from 1550 to 1715.

J. Neve on Buddhism; St. Hilaire on the Vedas; Chs. Renouvier, General Analysis of Human Knowledge, vol. i.; Lamartine's History of Turkey, vols. i-iii.: Villemain's Essays on Literature, a new edition; L. Lalanne, Memoirs of Theodore Agrippa d'Aubigné; Dupuy's Life of St. Gregory of Tours, the first historian of the Franks.

A. M. Cervantes, a Spanish author, has published at Paris, a work with the title "Political, Historical and Social Studies on the Rio de la Plata," embracing the Argentine Confederation, Uruguay and Paraguay, which is said to throw much light on the condition of those countries. The object of the work is to stimulate the European powers to renewed activity in our Southern Hemisphere.

A complete collection of the Roman inscriptions, found in Gaul, is to be published in a large quarto volume, by order of the Government, edited by M. Léon Revier.

The traveller M. F. de Sauley has published a volume on "Jewish Numismatics."-Abbé Bougeat, History of Philosophy, vol. i.; The Oriental Period. Abbé Darras' General History of the Church, vols. iii. and iv., arranged by the Pontificates.-Chs. Bartholome's Critical History of the religious Doctrines of modern Philosophy, is in press; also, M. Matter, History of Philosophy in its relations to Religion.

Abbé Gratry has received from the French Academy a prize for his "Treatise on the Knowledge of God," and Jules Simon for his work on Duty."

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J. Faure, Studies on the Anthropology of Calvin in its Relations to Redemption, published at Montauban.

GERMANY.

Dr. J. K. L. Gieseler, the church historian, died at Gottingen on the 8th of July last; he was born in 1792; from 1819 to 1831 he was professor at Bonn, and afterwards at Gottingen. His first work, in 1818, was on the Origin and History of the Gospels; in 1821 he published an account of the Diet at Augsburg in 1530; his Church History appeared in successive volumes and editions, between 1824 and 1853. He also wrote numerous articles in periodicals. He left a volume of his history, from 1814 to the present time, ready for the press. The period from 1648 to 1814 is nearly ready. A "History of Doctrines to the Reformation," is also nearly completed. These three volumes will soon be published, edited by Professor Redepenning.

Under the supervision of the Government, Dr. Henri Brugsch is to publish at Berlin, the results of his Egyptian explorations in 1853-4. He brought back valuable documents illustrative of the geography, history, mythology and astronomy of the Egyptians. The publication will be in 24 parts, continued through five years.

The first part of the Theologische Studien und Kritiken, for 1855, announces that Dr. Rothe of Heidelberg will take the place of Dr. Gieseler, as one of its editors. The chief articles of this number are, an Introduction, by the editors, on the State of German Theology, Prof. Schenkel on the Principle of Protestantism, Dr. Schwarz on the original edition of Melanchthon's "Loci," now published from a MS. in the Gotha Library in the twenty-first volume of his works, and Prof. Bleek on Luecke's Introduction to the Apocalypse.

The first "Heft" of Niedner's "Journal of Historical Theology," contains a continuation of Prof. Scharling's Essay on Molinos and the Quietists of the seventeenth century, and the conclusion of the account of the "Inspired Churches," from 1688 to 1853.

The Tübingen "Theological Year-Book," Nos. 3 and 4, 1854, contains, Zeller on Paul and Augustine, Doctrine of Sin and Grace; Caius or Hip

polytus, by Ritschl and Baur; Koestlin on the Epistle to the Hebrews; Hilgenfeld on the Clementina; Meier on the Brazen Serpent.

Among the announcements of works in preparation, are: Tischendorf, Apocalypses Mosis, Esdrae, Johannis, Pauli; Bernhardy, History of Roman Literature, new edition; Bertheau on Ezra, Nehemiah and Esther; Hitzig on Solomon's Song; Knobel on Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy and Joshua; Lünemann on the Hebrews, and Huther on the Epistles of John (in Meier's Commentary); and a critical edition of Hippolytus, Refutation of the Heresies, by Duncker and Schneidewin.

M. Haug, of Tübingen, has received the prize for an Essay on "The Source of Plutarch in his Lives of the Greeks, investigated anew."

Ledderhose's "Life of Frederick Mykonius," is a valuable contribution to the history of the times of the Reformation.

The most ancient Russian poem, the Expedition of Igor against the Polowkes, dating from the twelfth century, has been just published by Dr. Boltz, professor of the Russian Language, at Berlin, with notes and a glossary. It consists of twelve songs, from fifteen to sixty lines each; it is in a remarkable dialect, supposed to have been spoken in the twelfth century by the tribes in the south of Russia.

Theological Works.-V. U. Maywohlen, Der Tod, das Todtenreich und der Zustand der abgeschiedenen Seelen. 8vo. Berl., 215 pp.-Ursprung und Wesen des Bösen nach der Lehre des Augustinus, von Priester Dr. J. Nirschl. 151 pp. 8vo.-Dr. J. Frohschammer, Ueber den Ursprung des menschlichen Seelen. 232 pp., 8vo.-Dr. J. Mueller, of Halle, Die Evangelische Union, ihr Wesen und göttliches Recht. 418 pp., 8vo.-J. Scheinert, The Christian Religion. 2 vols., 8vo.-Ewald, The Antiquities of the People of Israel. 2d Ed.-Kahnis, Prof. in Leipsick, The internal History of German Protestantism since the Middle of the last Century.-Münchmeyer, The Dogma of the Visible and Invisible Church.-J. A. Ebrard, Lectures on Practical Theology.-J. Kostlin, The Nature of the Church, according to the Doctrine and History of the New Testament, with Respect to the Controversy between Romanism and Protestantism.-W. Menzel, Christian Symbolism. First Part.-Dr. F. Philippi, "Kirchliche Glaubenslehre," I. "Grundgedanken oder Prolegomena."-Wylie's Prize Essay on Popery has been translated into German, and published at Elberfeld.-Dionysii Areopagitae Opera Omnia, ed. B. Corderius. 304 pp.

Historical Works.-Prof. D. F. Kortuem, Geschichte Griechenland's von der Urzeit bis zum Untergange des Archaeischen Bundes. Fünf Bücher. 3 Bde.-Dr. Phil. Mueller's, Geschichte der Päbste, 12 Bd.—Dr. J. A. Messmer, Uber den Ursprung, die Entwickelung und die Bedeutung der Basilica in der christlichen Baukunst, 86 pp.-The second volume of Scherer's "Geschichte des Welthandels" is published at Leipsick; it is said to be the best work on the subject.-O. Jaeger, Life of Wycliffe; G. A. Lüders, Life of Huss.-Krabbe, History of University of Rostock, 2, 8vo.-A. Vogel, Ratherius of Verona, and the Church of the tenth century. Sugenheim, History of the Origin and Growth of the States of the

Church. The fourth edition of Reinhold's History of Philosophy, vols. 1 and 2.—The primeval History of the Armenians: a philological Essay.

Bancroft's History of the United States, vol. vi., translated into German by A. Kretzschmar.-G. Klemm, The Science of Civilization, vol. 1. The material Basis. Dr. P. Schaff, The political, social and ecclesiastical Condition of the United States of America.-W. Wachsmuth, History of political Parties in ancient and modern Times, vol. 2. The Middle Ages. -Prof. J. G. Müller, of Basle, has published a "History of the Religion of the American Aborigines," which is highly commended.

Commentaries, &c.-Dr. F. Düsterdieck, Die drei Johanneischen Briefe. from 1 John ii. 29, to v. 5. 8vo. Gotting.-K. F. Th. Schneider, Die Aechtheit des Johanneischen Evangeliums nach den äusseren Zeugnissen. 8vo. Berl.-Dr. W. Hoffmann, Die göttliche Stufenordnung im alten Testamente. Ein Vortrag. Dr. G. Karl Mayer, Die Aechtheit des Evangeliums Johannes, 467 pp. 8vo. Schaffhausen.-Ewald on Job, 2d edition. Hilgenfeld, Origin of the Gospels.-Bisping, The Epistle to the Hebrews. Zeller on the Acts.-Tischendorff, The New Testament in three Languages, Greek, Latin and German.-C. A. Auberlen, Daniel and the Revelation of John, in their mutual Relations. 8vo.-Dr. F. Hitzig, The Prophetical Books of the Old Testament. 8vo.

ENGLAND.

The Journal of Classical and Sacred Philology, No. 3, Dec. 1854, maintains its learned character. The Rev. C. Hardwick, author of the History of the Church in the Middle Ages, contributes a learned continuation to his "Notes on the Study of the Bible among our Forefathers," with extracts from Theodore, Aldhelm and Boniface. Schneidewin's edition of the Oedipus Rex is reviewed by B. H. Kennedy ; Clement of Alexandria on New Testament Chronology, by H. Browne. Other Articles are on the Topography of Halicarnassus, on a passage about the barter of goods in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics, on the classical authorities for ancient Art, on the Hebrew Cubit, with various Anecdota and Adversaria, and copious literary intelligence.

Among the announcements of books in preparation are, a new edition of the Book of Jasher, with commentary, by J. G. Donaldson; Smith's Select Discourses, a new edition; the Works of Irenaeus, edited by Rev. W. W. Harvey; a new edition of Johnston's Physical Atlas; Geology, by David Page; Ferrier's Institutes of Metaphysics; an Index to Blackwood's Magazine; Samuel Warren's Miscellanies, from Blackwood; Cambridge and Oxford Essays, each in one volume; W. Masset, History of England under George III.; Butler, Lectures on ancient Philosophy; a new edition of Lord Brougham's Works.

Of works in classical philology, the chief publications are: Herodotus, with a commentary, by J. W. Blakesley. Camb. 2, 8vo; J. T. Wheeler, The Geography of Herodotus; Plato's Protagoras, with English Notes, by W. Wayte; a new edition of Herodotus, 4, 8vo. by Rawlinson and others. VOL. III-44

The British Quarterly Review for January has Articles on Kant's Philosophy, Rural and forest Life in America, Authority of the Sabbath, Chemistry of common Life, Russians at Home, Tendencies of Literature, and Our Foreign Policy-who is to blame?

Tregelles on the printed Text of the Greek New Testament, with a collation of Griesbach, Scholz, Lachmann and Tischendorf. 8vo. pp. 368. -The History of the Hellenic Revolution," by Spiridion Tricoupi, Vol. II. embracing the years 1821-2, has been published at Athens, and is highly commended; it narrates the siege and capture of the Acropolis, the Turkish expedition to Samos, the rupture with Russia, and the siege of Mesolunghia, under a former Omar Pasha.-Prof. Eadie, A Commentary on Colossians; Rev. W. Litten, History of the Church of England from the Reformation; Rev. J. B. Marsden, History of the various Denominations, Parts I. and II.-Two vols. of the Works of Philo Judaeus, transl. by C. D. Yonge, have been published by Bohn, in his library, the first English translation.

Of Knox's collected Works, the 4th vol. is out, embracing his writings while minister at Francfort and Geneva, 1554-1559.-In Biblical Criticism the following books have appeared: P. Gell on the Revelation, 2, 8vo.; O. T. Dobbin, The Codex Montfortianus, a Collation of this MS. with the Text of Wetstein, &c.; C. J. Ellicott on the Galatians; Kidd, Exposition of seventh chapter of the Romans.

Mr. Macaulay is reported to have discovered a mass of papers relating to the Stuarts, of great value, furnishing new materials for his forthcoming history.-Kossuth is to publish "Letters from Turkey," and a revised edition of his Speeches; and Mazzini a work on the "Development of the Italian religious Question."-The Works of Dr. Robert Sanderson, Bishop of Lincoln, edited by Dr. Jacobson, 6, 8vo. Oxford Press.—Bunsen, Egypt's Place in Universal History, vol. 2.-Among the recent theological works are, Symington's Elements of Divine Truth; Maurice on the Doctrine of Sacrifice; Dewar's Evidences of Divine Revelation, 2d ed.; Eadie's Biblical Cyclopædia, 5th ed.; W. E. Scudamore, England and Rome, a comparison on doctrinal and historical points of difference; Chamberlaine, The Restoration of the Jews.-H. G. Dalton's History of British Guiana, 2, 8vo. 1036 pp.