The Student's Manual of Geology |
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Common terms and phrases
acid adit level alumina Ammonites angles animals aqueous rocks argillaceous augite basalt Brachiopoda calcareous called carbonate of lime Carboniferous limestone Chalk clay cleavage coal Coal-measures colour compact Conchifera containing coral Cretaceous crystalline crystals denudation deposited district earth Echinodermata Eocene existence extinct fault feldspar felstone formation Foss Fossil Group fossils fragments gallery genera Geol Geological gneiss granite gray greenstone grit hills horizontal hornblende Ibid igneous rocks inclined Ireland iron islands land lava Llandeilo Llandovery lode Lower Silurian magnesia marls mass of rock metamorphic mica schist miles mineral mountain occur Old Red Sandstone Oolitic original Palæozoic period planes plants Professor quartz R. I. Murchison sand schist shaft shale shells shew shewn side silicates Silurian slate sometimes species stone structure substance surface tion trachyte trap Upper Silurian valley vein vertical volcanic Wenlock
Popular passages
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Page 272 - estimate are of course of the vaguest description. " It may be possible, perhaps, that the estimate " is a hundred times too great, and that the real " time elapsed did not exceed three million years " but, on the other hand, it is just as likely that the " time which actually elapsed since the first coni...
Page 685 - Botanist's Companion : or, Directions for the Use of the Microscope, and for the Collection and Preservation of Plants, with a Glossary of Botanical Terms. Crown 8vo, price 2s. 6d.
Page 272 - The following statement is from Professor Jukes's Students' Manual of Geology : — " The time required for such a slow process to effect such enormous results must of course be taken to be inconceivably great. The word 'inconceivably' is not here used in a vague but in a literal sense, to indicate that the lapse of time required for the denudation that has produced the present surfaces of some of the older rocks, is vast beyond any idea of time which the human mind is capable of conceiving.
Page 685 - CLASS-BOOK OF BOTANY: Being an Introduction to the Study of the Vegetable Kingdom. By JH BALFOUR, MD, FRSL & E., Regius Keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden.
Page 371 - I have elsewhere stated my belief that the amount of money fruitlessly expended in a ridiculous search after coal, even within my own experience, would have paid the entire cost of the Government Geological Survey of the United Kingdom. It is a curious perversity of the human mind, that men prefer to take the advice of those whose interest it is to get them to spend money, rather than the warnings of those who can have no interest in inducing them not to spend it.
Page 198 - ... and shining, and if the coal be freshly broken, these surfaces will soil the fingers much less than those on the top or bottom of the lump. He will see that there is one set of smooth, vertical surfaces (or joint planes), along which there occur the cleanest, largest, and most even sides to the block, the vertical surfaces at right angles to that set being shorter, rougher, and more irregular. The first large, smooth, vertical surfaces are known by the name of the face, the slyne, or the cleat,...
Page 93 - ... waves, it only requires us to admit that the land may have stood formerly at lower levels, so as to allow the sea to flow over the lower parts of it, for us to see the probability that all inland cliffs, scars, precipices, valleys, and mountain passes, may have been produced in the same way.
Page xvii - It is not easy to give an accurate and comprehensive definition of the science of geology. It is, indeed, not so much one science, as the application of all the physical sciences to the examination of the structure of the earth, the investigation of the processes concerned in the production of that structure, and the history of their action.
Page 99 - These sand-rivers remove vast masses of disintegrated rock before it is fine enough to form soil. The man who preceded me was only thigh-deep, but the disturbance caused by his feet made it breast -deep for me.