A Manual of Blow-pipe Analysis and Determinative MineralogyT. E. Zell, 1866 - 179 pages |
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
alloy ammonia antimonious acid antimony aqua regia arsenous acid assay assay-piece bead bismuth bisulphate of potassa blow-pipe boracic acid borax button Cadmium carbonate of soda caustic potassa charcoal chloride cobalt cold colorless colors the flame colors the outer compounds cooling crystals Ct of oxide deposited detected dissolves Division effervescence fluxes fuses readily fusible gelatinizing gives the reactions glass becomes globule of metallic gray green color heated on Ch highly saturated hydrochloric acid impart Infusible intumescence limpid glass magnetic manganese mass matrass mercury metallic globule metallic lustre nickel nitric acid Occurs usually odor opaque open glass tube outer flame oxide oxide of copper oxide of lead oxide of zinc platinum wire powder precipitate presence Sd on Ch Sesquioxide silica silver SiO³ Soluble in nitric sublimate substance sulphide sulphurous acid tellurium tellurous acid Titanic Acid treated vapors volatile yellow yellowish yellowish-green zinc
Popular passages
Page 21 - A mouth-piece, a, of box-wood, horn or ivory is convenient, though not necessary. (Fig. 1.) § 2. Any kind of flame may be used for the blow-pipe, provided it be not too small. Some of the older chemists used common candles in preference, and it must be confessed that, in the majority of cases, the heat produced by the flame of a good sperm candle is quite sufficient. Berzelius recommended an oil lamp with a flat wick, which is now in general use as " Berzelius's Blow-pipe Lamp...
Page 35 - Fl., becomes opaque when the flame strikes it in an unequal or intermittent manner. This operation has received the name of "flaming," and any substance thus acted upon is said to become "opaque by flaming." The third and fourth columns of Tables I. and II. exhibit the behavior of the most important oxides to borax and salt of phosphorus. In Table III. the oxides are arranged with reference to the color which they impart to the beads in O. Fl. and R. Fl. It will be noticed that the colors produced...
Page 55 - ... bead is then taken from the charcoal, enveloped in a piece of paper, and struck lightly with a hammer, by which means the phosphuret of iron is separated from the surrounding flux. It exists as a metallic-looking button, attractable by the magnet, frangible on the anvil, the fracture having the colour of iron. If the substance under assay contained no phosphoric acid, the iron wire will keep its form and metallic lustre, excepting at the ends, where it will be oxidated and burnt. The substance...
Page 42 - ... open glass tube, evolve sulphurous acid and yield a sublimate of arsenous oxide. To show in a very decisive manner the presence of arsenic in any of its combinations with sulphur, the powdered assay [No. 80] is mixed with four volumes of neutral oxalate of potassa and a little charcoal powder, or with six parts of a mixture of equal parts of cyanide of potassium and carbonate of soda, the mass introduced into a tube sealed at one end, and heat applied, at first very gently but gradually raised...
Page 63 - Breithaupt, is as follows: 1. Talc; common laminated light-green variety. 2. Gypsum ; crystalline variety. 3. Calcite; transparent variety. 4. Fluorite; crystalline variety. 5. Apatite; transparent variety. 6. Orthoclase; white cleavable variety. 7. Quartz; transparent. 8. Topaz; transparent. 9. Corundum; cleavable varieties. 10. Diamond.
Page 62 - Scratches a copper coin ; but is also scratched by it, being of about the same degree of hardness. 4. Not scratched by a copper coin; does not scratch glass. 5. Scratches glass, though rather with difficulty, leaving its powder on it.
Page 62 - Yields with difficulty to the nail, or merely receives an impression from it. Does not scratch a copper coin. 3. Scratches a copper coin ; but is also scratched by it, being of about the same degree of hardness. 4. Not scratched by a copper coin ; does not scratch glass. 5. Scratches glass, though with difficulty, leaving its powder upon it.
Page 63 - ... scratch a smooth surface of the successive members of the scale with a sharp corner of the substance to be examined ; thus, if it scratches fluor-spar and is scratched by apatite, the hardness is between 4 and 5. Or again, the relative hardness of a mineral may be determined by abrading one of its edges with a file. If the file abrades the mineral under trial with the same ease as fluor-spar, and produces an equal depth of abrasion with the same force, the hardness is said to be 4. If the mineral...
Page 62 - ... also scratched by it, being of about the same degree of hardness. 4. Not scratched by a copper coin ; does not scratch glass.* 5. Scratches glass, though rather with difficulty, leaving its powder on it. Yields readily to the knife. 6. Scratches glass easily. Yields with difficulty to the knife. 7. Does not yield to the knife. Yields to the edge of a file, though with difficulty. 8. 9. 10. Harder than flint.