Clash of Spirits: The History of Power and Sugar Planter Hegemony on a Visayan IslandThis text illuminates the oral traditions of the Philippines and the convergence of capitalism and the indigenous spirit world. The author examines the social relations, cultural meanings and political struggles surrounding the rise of sugar haciendas on Negros during the late Spanish colonial period, and their subsequent transformation under the aegis of the American colonial state. Drawing on oral history, interviews and a wide array of sources culled from archives in Spain, the United States, the United Kingdom and the Philippines, the author reconstructs the emergence of a sugar-planter class and its strategic maneuvers to attain hegemony. The book portrays local actors taking an active role in shaping the external forces that impinge on their lives. It examines hacienda life from the indigenous perspective of magic and spirit beliefs, reinterpreting several critical phases of Philippine history in the process. By analyzing mythic tales as bearers of historical consciousness, the author explores the complex interactions between local culture, global interventions, and capitalist market forces. |
Contents
A Clash of Spirits Friar Power and Masonic Capitalism | 15 |
Cockfights and Engkantos Gambling on Submission and Resistance | 32 |
Elusive Peasant Weak State Sharecropping and the Changing Meaning of Debt | 63 |
The World of Negros Sugar after 1855 | 95 |
The Formation of a Landed Hacendero Class in Negros | 97 |
Capitalists Begging for Laborers Hacienda Relations in Spanish Colonial Negros | 126 |
Toward Mestizo Power Masonic Might and the Wagering of Political Destinies | 156 |
The American Colonial State Pampering Sugar into an Agricultural Revolution | 189 |
Abbreviations | 229 |
Notes | 231 |
275 | |
305 | |
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Common terms and phrases
agriculture agsa AHN Legajo American colonial Araneta babaylan Bacolod barangay became Benedicto cane capital Carlota cash advances Catholic Cebu Chirino cockfighting cockpit colonial society crop cultural datu datu's debt dungan Echauz economic engkanto Entry Expediente export farm Filipinas foreign merchants Friar Power gambling Governor Governor-General Guardia Civil hacenderos hacienda hectares Ibid Iloilo indigenous indio Isidro Isio Isio's Jose Juan Araneta Kanlaon La Carlota labor land Locsin Luzon Madrid magical Manila Masonic ment Mestizo Power mestizos mill Minuluan muscovado native elite Negros Occidental officials peasant percent pesos Philippine Commission Philippine sugar piculs plantations PNA Varias Provincias PNL Noble Collection political preconquest Province Quezon City Rama Report shamans sharecropping social Spain Spaniards Spanish colonial spirit-world spirits sugar sugar industry sugar planters sugar production suwerte Tagalog tenant tion town trade Ultramar University Press USNA RG 350 Viña Visayas workers Ysla de Negros
Popular passages
Page 8 - Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly encountered, given and transmitted from the past.
Page xii - Studies of the Social Science Research Council and the American Council of Learned Societies with funds provided by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Ford Foundation.