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there for that time. I refer in the margin to some other writers. David Blondel speaks of this author as writing about the year 490: and I place him at that time likewise, to oblige those who may suppose these works to have been written forty or fifty years before they were taken notice of.

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3. All this is said for the sake of a Catalogue of the books of the Old and New Testament, found in the third chapter of this author's Ecclesiastical Hierarchy; but expressed in an obscure and mysterious manner, suited to his usual way of writing.

4. I have put the whole in the margin, for the use of those who read Greek: it is not easy to be translated; but we may make a few remarks. James Basnage, in the place above cited, is clearly of opinion, that this writer mentions no books of the Old Testament, but those of the Jewish canon. It is also plain, that one of those books is the Song of Songs. And Daillé says, he omits no sacred book, either of the Old or the New Testament: however, the beloved disciple' alone is expressly mentioned. It is manifest, that the author received the Revelation: and it is probable, he thought St. John's gospel to be the last written book of the New Testament; it being mentioned last, and next after the book of the Revelation.

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CHAP. CXLIV.

GENNADIUS.

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1. GENNADIUS, of Marseilles, is placed, by Cave, at the year 495, about which time his book of Illustrious Men must have been written. In the last chapter of that book he mentions his own works: the conclusion of which chapter is, That he had written a treatise or treatises concerning the Millennium; and concerning the Revelation of the blessed John, that work, and an epistle concerning his faith, sent to Gelasius, bishop of Rome.'

2. The book of Illustrious Men is still extant: and I have often referred to it. The epistle to Gelasius, concerning his Faith, is also generally supposed to be extant, though it now goes by a different title, it is in the Appendix of the eighth tome of the Benedictine edition of Augustine's works.

3. But the chief reason of my placing Gennadius here is a regard to his Treatises concerning the Millennium, and St. John's Revelation; which I suppose to afford a good argument that he received the Revelation as a work of St. John the apostle and evangelist.

• Vid. Usser. Diss. de Scriptis Dionysio Areop. suppositis. Ad calcem libri de Scriptur. Sacr. et Vernac. p. 281, &c. Launoi de duobus Dionysiis. Fabr. Bib. Gr. T. v. p. 3... 5. Du Pin Bib. des Aut. Ec. T. i. p. 34... 38. Asseman. Bib. Or. T. i. p. 451.

b Des Sibylles, 1. ii. ch. 20. p. 219. à Charenton. 1649.

• Πασα μεν γαρ ιερα και αγιογράφος δελος ή την εκ θες των ονίων γενητην ύπαρξιν τε και διακοσμησιν, η την νομικήν ἱεραρχίαν και πολιτειαν, η των τε θεια λογο κληροδοσιων διανεμήσεις και κατ τασχέσεις, η κριτων ἱερων, ή βασιλεων σοφων, η ἱερέων ενθεων συνεσιν, η παλαίων ανδρων εν ποικιλία και πλήθει των ανιωνίων ακατασείσαν εν καρτερια φιλοσοφίαν, η των πρακτέων σοβας υποθηκας, η θειων ερωίων ασματα και ενθεες εικονας, η των εσομενων τας υποφηλικας προαναρρήσεις, η τας ανδρικας Ιησε θεωρ γιας, η τας αυτό μαθητων Θεοπαραδοίες και θεομιμήίες πολιτείας και ιερας διδασκαλίας, η την κρυφίαν και μυσικήν εποψίαν το των μαθητων αγαπης και θεσπέσια η την υπερκοσμιον Ιησε Θεολογίαν τοις προς θεωσιν επιτηδείοις ὑφηγησαίο, και ταῖς ἱεραις των τελείων και θεοειδεσιν αναγωγαίς συνερῥίζωσεν. Dionys.

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Areop. de Eccles. Hierarch. cap. 3. sect. 4. p. 287, 288.
Antverp. 1634.

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d quo loco scripturæ, tum veteris tum novæ, absolutissimum canonem exhibet, singulaque utriusque volumina recenset, non quidem usitatis ac solennibus in ecclesiâ nominibus illa nuncupans, (a quo ille ubique, velut a quodam piaculo, diligentissime sibi cavet) sed tamen ita perspicue designans ac describens, ut facile sit intelligere, nullum ab eo prætermissum esse divinum librum. Dall. ubi supra. I. i. c. 16. P. 101:

e Vid. Cav. H. L. T. i. et Conf. Fabr. ad Gennad. cap. ult. G. J. Voss. de Hist. Lat. ii. c. 18. H. Noris. Hist. Pelag. L. ii. c. 16. Du Pin Biblioth. T. iii.P. ii. p. 277.

f Ego Gennadius, Massilia presbyter,. scripsi adversus omnes hæreses libros octo, et adversus Nestorium libros tres, et tractatus de mille annis, et de Apocalypsi beati Johannis, et hoc opus, et epistolam de fide meâ misi ad beatum Gelasium, urbis Romæ episcopum. Gennad. de V. I. cap. C.

• De Ecclesiasticis Dogmatibus liber, Gennadio tributus.

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CHAP. CXLV.

GELASIUS, BISHOP OF ROME.

1. GELASIUS, an African, succeeded Felix III. in the see of Rome, in the year 492. A decree in a council of seventy bishops, concerning canonical, ecclesiastical, and apocryphal scriptures, is ascribed to him. The genuineness of which decree is denied, or disputed by Pearson, Cave, Samuel and James Basnage; but vindicated by Pagi, and Jeremiah Jones. But, whereas, it has been generally placed at the year 494, Pagi says, it was not published before 496. It is not necessary that I should enter into an argument about a thing of so late a date: I shall only allege that part of the decree, which relates to the books of the New Testament.

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2. After a particular enumeration of the books of the Old Testament, follows: The order of the scriptures of the New and everlasting Testament; four books of the gospels; according 'to Matthew one book, according to Mark one book, according to Luke one book, according to John one book; one book of the Acts of the apostles; the epistles of the apostle Paul fourteen; to ⚫ the Romans one epistle; to the Corinthians two epistles: to the Galatians one epistle; to the Thessalonians two epistles; to the Ephesians one epistle; to the Philippians one epistle; to the • Colossians one epistle; to Timothy two epistles; to Titus one epistle; to Philemon one epistle; to the Hebrews one epistle: likewise, the Revelation of John one book: likewise, the seven 'canonical epistles; one epistle of the apostle James, two epistles of the apostle Peter, three epistles of the apostle John, one epistle of the apostle Judas Zelotes. And it is added, That ⚫ upon the prophetical, evangelical, and apostolical scriptures, the catholic church is built, by 'the grace of God:'

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3. The reader will observe the order in which the books are placed. It deserves also to be observed, I think, that whoever were the authors of this catalogue of books of scripture, they received none for authentic and canonical, or the rule of faith, but such as were written by apostles, or supposed to be written by apostles; except the gospels according to Mark and Luke, and the Acts of the apostles.

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4. Beside these, many ecclesiastical writings are mentioned, which are allowed to be made use of. After which follows a long catalogue of apocryphal books, which are mentioned, and rejected. Many of which have been properly taken notice of in several parts of this work; though without particular references to this decree, which, being so late in time, was not, necessary; and would have rendered this work tedious and prolix beyond my intention.

• Vindic. Ep. Ign. P. i. cap. 4.

Hist. L. T. i. p. 462, 463.

* Ann. 496. n. 9, 10.

Hist. de l' Egl. 1. viii. c. 8. n. 7. p. 439, 440.
Ann. 494. n. 2.... 6.

' New and Full Method, &c. vol. i. p. 189, 190.
Item ordo scripturarum Novi et æterni Testamenti.
Evangeliorum libri quatuor.

Secundum Matthæum liber unus. Secundum Marcum liber unus. Secundum Lucam liber unus. Secundum Joannem liber unus. Actuum apostolorum liber unus.

Epistolæ Pauli apostoli numero xiv.

Ad Romanos epistola una. Ad Corinthios epistolæ duæ. Ad Galatas epistola una. Ad Thessalonicenses epistolæ duæ. Ad Ephesios epistola una. Ad Philippenses epistola una. Ad Colossenses epistola una. Ad Timotheum epistolæ duæ. Ad Titum epistola una. Ad Philemonem epistola una. Ad Hebræos epistola una.

Item Apocalypsis Joannis liber unus.

Item Canonicæ epistolæ numero septem.

Jacobi apostoli epistola una. Petri apostoli epistolæ duæ. Joannis apostoli epistolæ tres. Juda zelotis apostoli epistola una.-Post propheticas, evangelicas, atque apostolicas scripturas, quibus ecclesia catholica per gratiam Dei fundata est, illud etiam intimandum putamus, &c. Concilium Roman. quo a lxx. episcopis libri sacri et authentici ab apocryphis sunt discreti, sub Gelatio.' Ap. Labb. Conc. T. iv. p. 1260, 1261. h Et quamvis aliud fundamentum nullus possit ponere, præter id quod positum est, qui est Christus Jesus, tamen ad ædificationem nostram eadem sancta Romana ecclesia post illas Veteris vel Novi Testamenti, quas regulariter suscepimus, etiam has suscipi non prohibet. Ib. p. 1262.

Notitia librorum apocryphorum, qui non recipiuntur. Ib.

p. 1264.

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1. ANDREW, bishop of Cæsarea, in Cappadocia, is placed by Cave, at the year 500; though his exact time is not certainly known. He wrote a Commentary upon the book of the Revelation; of which some notice must be taken by us.

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2. In the preface to his work, he says, He needs not to enlarge, in proving the inspiration of this book, since many ancients have borne testimony to its authority; as Gregory the Divine, Cyril [of Alexandria], Papias, Irenæus, Methodius, and Hippolytus.

3. Andrew divided the book of the Revelation into 24 larger, and 72 smaller sections. This he takes notice of in his preface: and Arethas, who also afterwards wrote a Commentary upon this book, mentions it particularly in his preface. Mill says, that Andrew herein imitated Euthalius, who had done the like for some other parts of the New Testament. I place Mill's account of this matter below, at length.

4. Upon Rev. i. 9, he observes, that John had been condemned to live in the island Patmos; but he does not say when, nor by whom.

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5. He seems to suppose, that St John's gospel was written before the Revelation.

6. Upon Rev. iv. 7, he mentions the symbols of the four evangelists. The lion represents John; the calf, Luke; the eagle, Mark; the man, Matthew.

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7. It is almost needless to observe, that he elsewhere also speaks of four gospels only.

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8. The Acts of the apostles are distinctly quoted by him.

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9. The epistle of James, and the " first and second of Peter, are expressly quoted by him. And from the quotation of the first epistle, it appears, that Andrew supposed Peter, by Babylon, at the end of that epistle, to mean Rome.

10. There can be no question made, but he received all the books of the New Testament which we do.

11. There are in this work, traces of the ancient interpretations of divers texts of the Revelation.

12. The explications of the seals, in the sixth chapter, deserve to be taken notice of.

13. Of the sixth seal, ch. vi. 12, 13, he says: Some understand all those things to be said figuratively of the siege of Jerusalem, by Vespasian.

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14. Upon ch. vii. 1, he says: Some understood those expressions of the calamities brought

vixisse videtur circa exitum seculi istius, ac claruisse anno 500. Incerta enim prorsus illius ætas; nec ulla ejus apud veteres mentio. Hist. Lit. T. i. p. 467. Conf. Fabr. Bib. Gr. T. vii. p. 791.

b Ad fin. S. Chrysost. Comment. in Johann. ed. Morell. T. viii. Vid. Proœm. p. 3. Η Διελονίες την παρέσαν πραγματειαν εις λόγες κι και οι κεφαλαία, δια την τριμερή των κδ' πρεσβυτέρων ὑποσασιν, σωμαίος και ψυχης και πνευματος. p. iii. Β.

Vid. Areth. ad Calc. T. iii. Comment. Œcum. p. 640. f Andreas, Cæsarea Cappadocum episcopus, sub finem seculi hujus quinti, Apocalypseos librum a se Commentario illustratum partitus est, ad exemplum Euthalii, in sectiones majores et minores, seu in λογες et κεφάλαια. Λογοι majores quædam portiones erant, Euthalianis 'Lectionibus' haud multo absimiles. Hujusmodi autem notavit Andreas xxiv pro numero viginti quatuor Seniorum, circa thronum sedentium Kɛpaλaia vero, sive segmenta minora, constituit (ad numerum, uti dicit, partium, sc. ' corporis, animæ, et spiritûs,' ex quibus constabant Seniores) ter viginti quatuor, seu lxxii. apposito etiam cuique Capitulo lemmate quodam, materiam, quæ in eo tractatur, paucis indicante. Mill. Proleg. n. 998. 8 P. 8, B.

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Η Επειπερ εν τῷ κατ' αυτόν ευαγγελιῳ τοις ύψηλοις και θεοπρεπεσιν ὑπερ πανίας ενδιείρεψε κάνταυθα δε. κ. λ. p. 4. Β. ί .. είτε τας αρείας τας τεσσάρας, και τα τεσσαρα ευαγγε λια, ὡς ἕτεροις καλως έχειν λελογίσαι το μεν λεοντος δηλωνίος την ανδρείαν, και το καλα Ιωαννην ευαγγελιον. κ. λ. p. 25. B. C.

k και την των τεσσάρων ευαγγελιων εκπομπήν εις τα τεσσαρα της γης περαία. p. 131. Β.

1 εν δε τη δημηγορία το Παύλε, τῇ εν ταις Πράξεσιν. P. 7. A.

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ὦ δι ̓ ἔργων ἡτληθησαν, τείῳ δελεμενοι, ὡς φησιν ὁ μεγας Ιακωβος. p. 73. Α.

* Και ἡ πρεσβυτερα δε Ῥωμη Βαβυλων εν τη επιτολή Πειρα προσαγορεύεται. p. 98. Ε.

. . . η τον ύπο το μακαριο Πείρα λεχθενία Φωσφορον, εν ταις καρδίαις των πισων ανατέλλοντα, τον Χρισε φωτισμόν δηλαδή.

p. 17. A.

r P. 29, 30.

4 Και ταύτα τινες εις την επί Ουεσπασιανό βασιλέως πολιορκίαν εξελαβον άπανία, των ειρημένων έκασον τροπολογή σαντες. p. 34. C. D.

* Ει και ταυτα τισιν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων παλαι τοις Ιεδαίοις γα γενησθαι εξειληπίαι, των τεσσάρων αγγελων δηλον αυτής

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upon the Jewish people by the Romans; and said, that by the'" four angels standing upon the four corners of the earth," is intimated that the Jewish people should find no way to escape the divine vengeance, either by sea, or land, or any other way.

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15. Upon ch. vii. 3, saying: "Hurt not the earth,......till we have sealed the servants of our God in their foreheads," and what follows, he says: Some have understood that section, as relating to the wonderful escape and preservation of the Jewish believers, when Jerusalem was besieged by the Romans. And they were confirmed in that interpretation, by what James said to Paul, Acts xxi. 20, "Thou seest, brother, how many thousands of Jews there are which believe."

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16. Upon ch. xx. 1, 2, 3. Here Andrew describes the weakening of the power of the devil by means of our Lord's death. Hereby, as by a stronger, he who seemed to be strong was despoiled: we, who were his prey, were delivered, and he was "cast into the bottomless pit." That he was bound, and his power weakened, is apparent, from the overthrow of idolatry, and the demolition of idolatrous temples, and the ceasing of sacrifices, which were wont to be offered to dæmons. The "great chain," in the angel's hand, is an expression, accommodated to our apprehensions, denoting a restraint of the devil's power and wickedness. Whether the "thousand years," here spoken of, denote exactly that term, or only a long duration, God only knows. But it would be requisite, that the gospel should be preached for many years, before the seeds of religion and virtue could be sown, and takę firm root throughout the whole ' world.'

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17. Afterwards upon ch. xx. 7. Some confine the above mentioned "thousand years" to the short period of our Lord's ministry; from his baptism to his ascension to heaven; being no • more than three years or three years and a half. Others think that, after the completion of six ⚫ thousand years, shall be the first resurrection from the dead, which is to be peculiar to the saints alone; who are to be raised up, that they may dwell again on this earth, where they had given proofs of patience and fortitude; and that they may live here a "thousand years," in honour and plenty: after which will be the general resurrection, of good and bad. But the church receives ⚫ neither of those interpretations: for we remember what our Lord said to the Sadducees, That 'the righteous shall be as the "angels which are in heaven" [Mark xii. 25]: as also the words of Paul, who says: "The kingdom of God is not meat and drink" [Rom. xiv. 17]. By the "thousand years," therefore, we understand,' the time of the preaching the gospel;' or the time of the gospel dispensation.

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CHAP. CXLVII.

THE ALEXANDRIAN MANUSCRIPT, AND DIVERS STICHOMETRIES.

1. The Alexandrian Manuscript. II. The Stichometry of Nicephorus. III. A Stichometry from Cotelerius. IV. Another Stichometry from the same.

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1. I NEED not here give a particular account of the celebrated Alexandrian Manuscript, preserved in the king's library; that having been already done by several, especially by Dr. Grabe. It consists of four volumes in quarto: three of which contain the scriptures of the Old Testa

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4...τον το ευαγγελικα κηρυγματος χρονον την χιλιετιαν εξελαβομεν. p. 121. Α. Β.

* Vid. Mill. Prolegom. in N. T. n. 1338... 1340. Wetsten. Prolegom. ad accurat. Ν. Τ. edition. p. 9. . . 11. et Prolegom. ad N. T. p. 8, &c.

f I. E. Grab. Prolegom. ad Septuagint. Interpr. T. i. cap. 1. Mr. Wetstein says, in folio. Codex est Veteris Novique Testamenti Græcus membranaceus in folio. Singulæ pagina

ment, in the Greek version of the Seventy; and the fourth, the scriptures of the New Testament, but not quite complete.

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The contents of the several volumes are prefixed to the first volume, and written with the same hand that wrote the rest: these contents of the Alexandrian Manuscript were published long ago, by Bp. Beveridge. I shall transcribe them, as they are published by Dr. Grabe, in his Prolegomena to the first volume of his edition of the Seventy; referring also to Mr. Casley's Catalogue of the manuscripts of the king's library.

They are thus:
Genesis.d

Exodus.

Leviticus.

Numbers.

Deuteronomy.

Joshua the son of Nun.

The Judges.
Ruth.

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Together eight books.
The first book of the Kingdoms.
The second book of the Kingdoms.
The third book of the Kingdoms.
The fourth book of the Kingdoms.
The first book of the Remains.
The second book of the Remains.
Together six books."

Sixteen prophets.'

Hosea, 1.

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Ezekiel, 15.
Daniel, 16.
Esther.

Tobit.

Judith.

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"Eodpas a' est liber i. Esdræ Apocryphus. Eodpas 2* est liber 1. Esdræ Canonicus. Atque huic subnexi sunt, quamvis in Indice non designati, Aoyoi Nɛɛuia. Grabe. ibid. η Μακκαβαίων λογος ď'.

Υαληριον μετ' ῳδων.

9 Σοφία, η παναρείος.

• Ασμαία ασματων. - Σοφία Ιησε νία Σειράχ.

Amissis viginti quinque circiter foliis, vigesimum sextum ab istis incipit verbis. Matth. xxv. 6. EEEPEDE EIS aπaviyGy aule. Grabe. ibid. * Καθολικαι ζ. "Ibi incipit Epistola Jacobi, quam sequuntur duæ Petri, tres Joannis, et una Judæ. Grabe. * Επιςολαι Παύλε ιδ'.

Epistolæ Pauli eodem locatæ sunt ordine, quo in nostris Bibliorum editionibus: nisi quod Epistola ad Hebræos proxime sequatur duas ad Thessalonicenses. Grabe.

The figures are wanting in the manuscript.

z Hos adversariis sacris de La Cerda subnexos legere est; quippe a codice nostro abscissi vel deperditi sunt. Grabe.

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