he is a free denizen of this place, and liberty to do so.

"XV. If it do appeare, that there is a publique engagement of debt, by the town of the Manhatoes, and a way agreed on for the satisfying of that engagement, it is agreed, that the same way proposed shall go on, and that the engagement shall be satisfied.

"XVI. All inferior civil officers and magistrates shall continue as now they are, (if they please,) till the customary time of new elections, and then new ones to be chosen by themselves, provided that such new chosen magistrates shall take the oath of allegiance to his majesty of England before they enter upon their office.

"XVII. All differences of contracts and bargains made before this day, by any in this country, shall be determined according to the manner of the Dutch.

"XVIII. If it do appeare, that the West-India Company of Amsterdam, do really owe any sums of money to any persons here, it is agreed that recognition and other duties payable by ships going for the Netherlands, be continued for six months longer.

"XIX. The officers military, and soldiers, shall march out with their arms, drums beating, and coulours flying, and lighted matches; and if any of them will plant, they shall have fifty acres of land set out for them; if any of them will serve as servants, they shall continue with all safety, and become free denizens afterwards.

"XX. If, at any time hereafter, the king of Great Britain and the States of the Netherland do agree that this place and country be re-delivered into the hands of the said States, whensoever his majestie will send his commands to re-deliver it, it shall immediately be done.

"XXI. That the town of Manhattans shall choose

deputyes, and those deputyes shall have free voyces in all publique affairs, as much as any other deputyes.

"XXII. Those who have any property in any houses in the fort of Aurania, shall (if they please) slight the fortifications there, and then enjoy all their houses as all people do where there is no fort. "XXIII. If there be any soldiers that will go into Holland, and if the Company of West-India in Amsterdam, or any private persons here will transport them into Holland, then they shall have a safe passport from colonel Richard Nicolls, deputy-governor under his royal highness, and the other commissioners, to defend the ships that shall transport such soldiers, and all the goods in them, from any surprizal or acts of hostility, to be done by any of his majestie's ships or subjects. That the copies of the king's grant to his royal highness, and the copy of his royal highness's commission to colonel Richard Nicholls, testified by two commissioners more, and Mr. Winthrop, to be true copies, shall be delivered to the honourable Mr Stuyvesant, the present governor, on Monday next, by eight of the clock in the morning, at the Old Miln, and these articles consented to, and signed by colonel Richard Nicolls, deputy-governor to his royal highness, and that within two hours after the fort and town called NewAmsterdam, upon the isle of Manhatoes, shall be delivered into the hands of the said colonel Richard Nicolls, by the service of such as shall be by him thereunto deputed, by his hand and seal.

These articles, favourable as they were to the inhabitants, were however very disagreeable to the Dutch governor, and he therefore refused to ratify them, till two days after they were signed by the commissioners.

The town of New-Amsterdam, upon the reduction of the island Manhattans, took the name of NewYork. It consisted of several small streets, laid out in the year 1656, and was not inconsiderable for the number of its houses and inhabitants. The easy terms of the capitulation promised their peaceable subjection to the new government, and hence we find, that in two days after the surrender, the Boston aid was dismissed with the thanks of the commissioners to the general court. Hudson's and the South River were, however, still to be reduced. Sir Robert Carr commanded the expedition on Delaware, and Carteret was commissioned to subdue the Dutch at Fort-Orange. The garrison capitulated on the 24th of September, and he called it Albany, in honour of the Duke. While Carteret was here, he had an interview with the Indians of the Five Nations, and entered into a league of friendship with them, which remarkably continues to this day.* Sir Robert Carr was equally successful on South River, for he compelled both the Dutch and Swedes to capitulate and deliver up their garrisons the 1st of October, 1664; and that was the day in which the whole New-Netherlands became subject to the English crown. Very few of the inhabitants† thought proper to remove out of the country. Governor Stuyvesant himself, held his estate and died here. His remains were interred in a chapel which

The Dutch were sensible of the importance of preserving an uninterrupted amity with those Indians, for they were both very numerous and warlike. The French pursued quite different measures, and the irruptions of those tribes, according to their own authors, have often reduced Canada to the brink of ruin.

+ Sir Robert Carr arrived at Bristol, 1st June, 1667, and died the next day. Carteret went home in 1664, leaving Maverick at Boston.-Vid. New England's Memorial, by Nath. Morton, secretary for New Plymouth, p. 219, edit. 12mo. 1721.

he had erected on his own farm, at a small distance from the city, now possessed by his grandson Gerardus Stuyvesant, a man of probity who has been elected into the magistracy above thirty years successively. Justice obliges me to declare, that for loyalty to the present reigning family, and a pure attachment to the protestant religion, the descendants of the Dutch planters are perhaps exceeded by none of his majesty's subjects.

PART II.

From the Surrender in 1664, to the Settlement at the Revolution.

RICHARD NICOLLS being now possessed of the country, took the government upon him, under the style of deputy-governor under his royal highness the duke of York, of all his territories in America." During his short continuance here, he passed a vast number of grants and confirmations of the ancient Dutch patents, the profits of which must have been very considerable. Among these, no one has occasioned more animated contention, than that called the Elizabeth Town Grant, in New-Jersey; which, as it relates to another colony, I should not have mentioned, but for the opportunity to caution the reader against the representation of that controversy contained in Douglass's Summary. I have sufficient reasons to justify my charging that account with partiality and mistakes; and for proofs, refer to the printed answer in chancery, published in the year 1751.

Besides the chief command of this province, Nicolls had a joint power* with Sir Robert Carr, Carteret, and Maverick, to settle the contested boundaries of certain great patents. Hence we find, that three of them had a conference with several gentlemen from Connecticut, respecting the limits of this and that colony. The result was an adjudication in these words:

By virtue of his majesty's commission, we have heard the difference, about the bounds of the patents

* The commission from king Charles II. was dated 26th of April, 1664. After a recital of disputes concerning limits in New-England, and that addresses had been sent home from the Indian natives, complaining of abuses received from the English subjects; the commissioners, or any three or two of them, of which Nicolls was to be one, were authorized to visit the New-England colonies, and determine all complaints military, civil, and criminal, according to their discretion, and such instructions, as they might receive from the crown.