St. Augustine and the Theory of Just WarThe decline of the Roman Empire gave rise to two problems, which combined to form one of the most perplexing philosophical questions of late antiquity. On the one hand, Rome found itself under constant military threat as various tribes from the north and east encroached along its borders to fill the power vacuum left by the receding Empire. On the other hand, adherents to the Empire's new official faith - Christianity - found themselves without clear guidance as to what military roles their faith would permit; the death of the apostles left them without revelatory guidance, and the New Testament writings were not definitive on the subject. The question, then, became: "Can a Christian answer the empire's call to military duty and still answer a clear conscience before God?" Fifth-century philosopher, St Augustine of Hippo, sought to provide a solution to the two problems. His approach formed the foundation of the 'just war' tradition, which has had enormous influence upon moral-philosophical thought on military issues in the West ever since. This major new study identifies the fundamental Augustinian premises and evaluates them in light of historical, neo-Platonic, and Christian contexts. It also identifies the effect of the Augustinian legacy upon medieval and modern philosophical reflections on the nature of warfare and on how war might be waged justly and morally. |
From inside the book
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Page v
... Philosophical Landscape 3 Augustine's Just-War Theory 4 Neo-Platonism and the Augustinian Just War 5 Christianity and the Augustinian Just War 6 Augustine's Theory and Beyond Bibliography Index vii ix xi xii 1 14 44 92 121 161 180 191 ...
... Philosophical Landscape 3 Augustine's Just-War Theory 4 Neo-Platonism and the Augustinian Just War 5 Christianity and the Augustinian Just War 6 Augustine's Theory and Beyond Bibliography Index vii ix xi xii 1 14 44 92 121 161 180 191 ...
Page ix
... philosophical tradition. The questions he raises and the solutions he proposes are so deeply rooted in the Western world-view that most Westerners are likely not to think of them particularly as reflective of 'Western' concerns per se ...
... philosophical tradition. The questions he raises and the solutions he proposes are so deeply rooted in the Western world-view that most Westerners are likely not to think of them particularly as reflective of 'Western' concerns per se ...
Page 1
... philosophers discuss war in a moral-philosophical context. For example, Plato argues that 'the state must be organized for violent survival in an unruly world',7 and he assigns specific wartime roles to the state and its citizens ...
... philosophers discuss war in a moral-philosophical context. For example, Plato argues that 'the state must be organized for violent survival in an unruly world',7 and he assigns specific wartime roles to the state and its citizens ...
Page 2
... upon the entire subsequent develop- ment of the Western world. That lasting impression comes as the direct result of the synthesis which Augustine achieves between the Western philosophical 2 Saint Augustine and the Theory of Just War.
... upon the entire subsequent develop- ment of the Western world. That lasting impression comes as the direct result of the synthesis which Augustine achieves between the Western philosophical 2 Saint Augustine and the Theory of Just War.
Page 3
John Mark Mattox. of the synthesis which Augustine achieves between the Western philosophical tradition – particularly Neo-Platonism – and fifth-century Christianity, which found itself confronted with the practical mandate to reconcile ...
John Mark Mattox. of the synthesis which Augustine achieves between the Western philosophical tradition – particularly Neo-Platonism – and fifth-century Christianity, which found itself confronted with the practical mandate to reconcile ...
Contents
1 | |
14 | |
3 Augustines JustWar Theory | 44 |
4 NeoPlatonism and the Augustinian Just War | 92 |
5 Christianity and the Augustinian Just War | 121 |
6 Augustines Theory and Beyond | 161 |
Bibliography | 180 |
Index | 191 |
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Common terms and phrases
Ambrose Amorites Ante-Nicene Fathers army Augus Augustine argues Augustine takes Augustine's just-war theory Augustinian authority Bainton barbarians bellum principle Book of Psalms Catholic cause Christ Christian Church Cicero Cirta citizens City of God claim comparative justice considered defence doctrine Donatist earthly city enemy evil example exists fact faith Fathers Faustus the Manichaean fight Gilson God’s Hence hierarchy History human Ibid injustice James Turner Johnson Jesus jus ad bellum jus in bello justified kind Letter Lord's Sermon Manichæan means merely moral Moses nation nature Neo-Platonic Nevertheless NPNF VII NPNFI Old Testament one’s pacifist Patristic writers peace philosophical Plato Plotinus political position Princeton problem Psalms punishment reason Reply to Faustus result right intention righteous Roman Empire Rome says Augustine Scriptures soldiers sovereign specifically temporal things tine tion Translated true justice ultimate University Press violence violent action virtue wage wars fought writings York