ment, acknowledgment, lodgment, adjudgment, and prejudgment."-Red Book, p. 172. "Fertileness, fruitfulness; Fertily, fruitfully, abundantly."-Johnson's Dict. "Chastly, purely, without contamination; Chastness, chastity, purity."-5., and Walker's. “Rhymster, n. One who makes rhymes; a versifier; a mean poet."-Johnson and Webster. "It is therefore an heroical achievment to dispossess this imaginary monarch.”—Berkley's Minute Philos., p. 151. "Whereby, is not meant the Present Time, as he imagins, but the Time Past."-Johnson's Gram. Com., p. 344. "So far is this word from affecting the noun, in regard to its definitness, that its own character of definitness or indefinitness, depends upon the name to which it is prefixed.”— Webster's Philosophical Gram., p. 20.

Satire, by wholsome Lessons, wou'd reclaim,

And heal their Vices to secure their Fame."-Brightland's Gr., p. 171.

UNDER RULE XI.-OF FINAL Y.

"Solon's the veryest fool in all the play."-Dryden, from Persius, p. 475. [FORMULE-Not proper, because the word "veryest" here retains the final y of its primitive very. But, according to Rule 11th, "The final y of a primitive word, when preceded by a consonant, is generally changed into i before an additional termination." Therefore, this y should be changed to i; thus, veries.]

“Our author prides himself upon his great slyness and shrewdness.”—Merchant's Criticisms. "This tense, then, implys also the signification of Debeo."—R. Johnson's Gram. Com., p. 300. "That may be apply'd to a Subject, with respect to something accidental."-Ib., p. 133. "This latter accompanys his Note with a distinction."-Ib., p. 196. "This Rule is defective, and none of the Annotators have sufficiently supply'd it."-Ib., p. 204. "Though the fancy'd Supplement of Sanctius, Scioppius, Vossius, and Mariangelus, may take place."—Ib., p. 276. "Yet as to the commutableness of these two Tenses, which is deny'd likewise, they are all one.”—Ib., p. 311. "Both these Tenses may represent a Futurity implyed by the dependence of the Clause."-Ib., p. 332. 'Cry, cries, crying, cried, crier, decrial; Shy, shyer, shyest, shyly, shyness; Fly, flies, flying, flier, high-flier; Sly, slyer, slyest, slyly, slyness; Spy, spies, spying, spied, espial; Dry, drier, driest, dryly, dryness."-Cobb's Dict. "Cry, cried, crying, crier, cryer, decried, decrier, decrial; Shy, shyly, shily, shyness, shiness; Fly, flier, flyer, high-flyer; Sly, slily, slyly, sliness, slyness; Ply, plyer, plying, pliers, complied, complier; Dry, drier, dryer, dryly, dryness."- Webster's Dict., 8vo. "Cry, crier, decrier, decrial; Shy, shily, shyly, shiness, shyness; Fly, flier, flyer, high-flier; Sly, slily, slyly, sliness, slyness; Ply, pliers, plyers, plying, complier; Dry, drier, dryer, dryly, dryness."-Chalmers's Abridgement of Todd's Johnson. "I would sooner listen to the thrumming of a dandyzette at her piano."-Kirkham's Elocution, p. 24. "Send her away; for she cryeth after us."-Felton's Gram., p. 140. "IVYED, a. Overgrown with ivy.”—Todd's Dict., and Webster's.

"Some dryly plain, without invention's aid,

Write dull receipts how poems may be made."-Pope.

UNDER RULE XII-OF FINAL Y.

"The gaiety of youth should be tempered by the precepts of age."-Mur. Key, p. 175. [FORMULE-Not proper, because the word "gaiety" does not here retain the final y of the primitive word gay. But, according to Rule 12th, "The final y of a primitive word, when preceded by a vowel, should not be changed into i before an additional termination." Therefore, this y should be retained; thus, gayety.]

"In the storm of 1703, two thousand stacks of chimnies were blown down, in and about London."-See Red Book, p. 112. "And the vexation was not abated by the hacknied plea of haste."-Ib., p. 142. "The fourth sin of our daies is lukewarmness."-Perkins's Works, p. 725. "God hates the workers of iniquity, and destroies them that speak lies."-Ib., p. 723. "For, when he laies his hand upon us, we may not fret."—Ib., p. 726. "Care not for it; but if thou maiest be free, choose it rather."—Ib., p. 736. "Alexander Severus saith, 'He that buieth, must sell: I will not suffer buyers and sellers of offices.'"-Ib., p. 737. "With these measures fell in all monied men."-SWIFT: Johnson's Dict. "But rattling nonsense in full vollies breaks."POPE: ib., w. Volley. "Vallies are the intervals betwixt mountains."-WOODWARD: ib. "The Hebrews had fifty-two journies or marches.”—Wood's Dict. "It was not possible to manage or steer the gallies thus fastened together."-Goldsmith's Greece, Vol. ii, p. 106. "Turkies were not known to naturalists till after the discovery of America."-See Gregory's Dict. "I would not have given it for a wilderness of monkies."-See Key. "Men worked at embroidery, especially in abbies."-Constable's Miscellany, Vol. xxi, p. 101. "By which all purchasers or mortgagees may be secured of all monies they lay out."-TEMPLE: Johnson's Dict. "He would fly to the mines and the gallies for his recreation."-SOUTH: Ib.

"Will any

"Here pullies make the pond'rous oak ascend."-GAY: ib.

"You need my help, and you say,

Shylock, we would have monies."-SHAKSPEARE: ib.

UNDER RULE XIII.-OF IZE AND ISE.

able writer authorise other men to revize his works ?"-Author.

[FORMULES-1. Not proper, because the word "authorise" is here written with 8 in the last syllable, in stead of 2. But, according to Rule 13th, "Words ending in ize or ise sounded alike, as in wise and size, generally take the z in all such as are essentially formed by means of the termination." Therefore, this a should be z; thus, authorize.]

But,

2. Not proper again, because the word “revize" is here written with z in the last syllable, in lieu of 8. according to Rule 13th," Words ending in ize or ise sounded alike, as in wise and size, generally take the 8, in monosyllables, and all such as are essentially formed by means of prefixes." Therefore, this 2 should be s; thus, revise.]

"It can be made as strong and expressive as this Latinised English."-Murray's Gram., p. 295. "Governed by the success or the failure of an enterprize.”—Ib., Vol. ii, pp. 128 and 259. "Who have patronised the cause of justice against powerful oppressors."-Ib., pp. 94 and 228; Merchant, p. 199. "Yet custom authorises this use of it."—Priestley's Gram., p. 148. "They surprize myself, *** and I even think the writers themseives will be surprized."-Ib., Pref., p. xi. "Let the interest rize to any sum which can be obtained."- Webster's Essays, p. 310. "To determin what interest shall arize on the use of money."-Ib., p. 313. "To direct the popular councils and check a rizing opposition.”—Ib., p. 335. “Five were appointed to the immediate exercize of the office."-Ib., p. 340. "No man ever offers himself [as] a candidate by advertizing."-Ib., p. 344. "They are honest and economical, but indolent, and destitute of enterprize."-Ib., p. 347. "I would however advize you to be cautious."-Ib., p. 404. "We are accountable for whatever we patronise in others."-Murray's Key, p. 175. "After he was baptised, and was solemnly admitted into the office."-Perkins's Works, p. 732. "He will find all, or most of them, comprized in the Exercises."-British Gram., Pref., p. v. "A quick and ready habit of methodising and regulating their thoughts.”—Ib., p. xviii. "To tyrannise over the time and patience of his reader."-Kirkham's Elocution, p. iii. "Writers of dull books, however, if patronised at all, are rewarded beyond their deserts.”—Ib., p. v. "A little reflection, will show the reader the propriety and the reason for emphasising the words marked."-Ib., p. 163. "The English Chronicle contains an account of a surprizing cure."—Red Book, p. 61. "Dogmatise, to assert positively; Dogmatizer, an asserter, a magisterial teacher."-Chalmers's Dict. "And their inflections might now have been easily analysed."—Murray's Gram., 8vo, Vol. i, p. 113. “Authorize, disauthorise, and unauthorized; Temporize, contemporise, and extemporize."-Walker's Dict. "Legalize, equalise, methodise, sluggardize, womanise, humanize, patronise, cantonize, gluttonise, epitomise, anatomize, phlebotomise, sanctuarise, characterize, synonymise, recognise, detonize, colonise."-Ibid.

"This BEAUTY Sweetness always must comprize,

Which from the Subject, well express'd will rise."-Brightland's Gr., p. 164.

UNDER RULE XIV.-OF COMPOUNDS.

"The glory of the Lord shall be thy rereward."-COMMON BIBLES: Isa., lviii, 8.

[FORMULE-Not proper, because the compound word "rereward" has not here the orthography of the two simple words rear and ward, which compose it. But, according to Rule 14th, "Compounds generally retain the orthography of the simple words which compose them." And, the accent being here unfixed, a hyphen is proper. Therefore, this word should be spelled thus, rear-ward.]

"A mere vaunt-courier to announce the coming of his master." -Tooke's Diversions, Vol. i, p. 49. "The parti-coloured shutter appeared to come close up before him."-Kirkham's Elocution, p. 233. "When the day broke upon this handfull of forlorn but dauntless spirits."-Ib., p. 245. "If, upon a plumbtree, peaches and apricots are ingrafted, no body will say they are the natural growth of the plumbtree."-Berkley's Minute Philos., p. 45. "The channel between Newfoundland and Labrador is called the Straits of Bellisle."-Worcester's Gaz. "There being nothing that more exposes to Headach."*-Locke, on Education, p. 6. "And, by a sleep, to say we end the heartach."-SHAK.: in Joh. Dict. "He that sleeps, feels not the toothach."-ID., ibid. "That the shoe must fit him, because it fitted his father and granfather.”—Philological Museum, Vol. i, p. 431. "A single word, mispelt, in a letter, is sufficient to show, that you have received a defective education."-Bucke's Gram., p. 3. "Which mistatement the committee attributed to a failure of memory."-Professors' Reasons, p. 14. "Then he went through the BanquettingHouse to the scaffold."-Smollett's England, Vol. iii, p. 345. "For the purpose of maintaining a clergyman and skoolmaster."-Webster's Essays, p. 355. "They however knew that the lands were claimed by Pensylvania."—Ib., p. 357. "But if you ask a reason, they immediately bid farewel to argument."-Red Book, p. 80. "Whom resist stedfast in the faith."-SCOTT: 1 Peter, v, 9. "And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine."-Acts, ii, 42. "Beware lest ye also fall from your own stedfastness."-2 Peter, iii, 17. Galiot, or galliott, a Dutch vessel, carrying a main-mast and a mizen-mast."-Web. Dict. "Infinitive, to overflow; Preterit, overflowed; Participle, overflown."-Cobbett's E. Gram., (1818,) p. 61. "After they have mispent so much precious Time."-British Gram., p. xv. "Some say, two handsfull; some, two handfulls; and others, two handfull."-Alex. Murray's Gram., p. 106. "Lapfull, as much as the lap can contain."-Webster's Octavo Dict. "Darefull, full of defiance." Walker's Rhym. Dict. "The road to the blissfull regions, is as open to the peasant as to the king."-Murray's Key, Evo, p. 167. "Mis-spel is mis-spelt in every Dictionary which I have seen."- -Barnes's Red Book, p. 303. "Downfal; ruin, calamity, fall from rank or state.”—Johnson's Dict. "The whole legislature likewize acts az a court."-Webster's Essays, p. 340. "It were better a milstone were hanged

Ache, and its plural, aches, appear to have been formerly pronounced like the name of the eighth letter, with its plural, Aitch, and Aitches; for the old poets made "aches" two syllables. But Johnson says of ache, a pain, it is "now generally written ake, and in the plural akes, of one syllable."-See his Quarto Dict. So Walker: "It is now almost universally written ake and akes."-See Walker's Principles, No. 355. So Webster: "Ake, less properly written ache."-See his Octavo Dict. But Worcester seems rather to prefer ache.-G. B.

about his neck."-Perkins's Works, p. 731. "Plum-tree, a tree that produces plums; Hogplumbtree, a tree."- Webster's Dict. Trisyllables ending in re or le, accent the first syllable."Murray's Gram., p. 238.

"It happen'd on a summer's holiday,

That to the greenwood shade he took his way."-Churchill's Gr., p. 135.

UNDER RULE XV.-OF USAGE.

'Nor are the modes of the Greek tongue more uniform."-Murray's Gram., p. 112. [FORMULE-Not proper, because the word "modes" is here written for moods, which is more common among the learned, and usually preferred by Murray himself. Bu, according to Rule 15th, "Any word for the spelling of which we have no rule but usage, is written wrong if not spelled according to the usage which is most common among the learned." Therefore, the latter form should be preferred; thus, moods, and not modes.]

"If we analize a conjunctive preterite, the rule will not appear to hold."-Priestley's Gram., p. 118. "No landholder would have been at that expence."-Ib., p. 116. "I went to see the child whilst they were putting on its cloaths."-Ib., p. 125. "This stile is ostentatious, and doth not suit grave writing."-Ib., p. 82. "The king of Israel, and Jehosophat the king of Judah, sat each on his throne."-Mur. Gram., p. 165, twice; Merchant's, 89; Churchill's, 300. "The king of Israel, and Jehosaphat the king of Judah, sat each on his throne."-Lowth's Gram., p. 90; Harrison's, 99; Churchill's, 138; Wright's, 148. "Lisias, speaking of his friends, promised to his father, never to abandon them."-Murray's Gram., Vol. ii, pp. 121 and 253. "Some, to avoid this errour, run into it's opposite."-Churchill's Gram., p. 199. "Hope, the balm of life, sooths us under every misfortune."-Merchant's Key, p. 204. " Any judgement or decree might be heerd and reversed by the legislature."— Webster's Essays, p. 340. "A pathetic harang wil skreen from punishment any knave."-Ib., p. 341. "For the same reezon, the wimen would be improper judges."-Ibid. "Every person iz indulged in worshiping az he pleezes."-Ib., p. 345. "Most or all teechers are excluded from genteel company."-Ib., p. 362. "The Kristian religion, in its purity, iz the best institution on erth."-Ib., p. 364. "Noether clergymen nor human laws hav the leest authority over the conscience."—Ib., p. 303. "A gild is a society, fraternity, or corporation."-Red Book, p. 83. "Phillis was not able to unty the knot, and so she cut it."-I., p. 46. "An aker of land is the quantity of one hundred and sixty perches."-Ib., p. 93. "Oker is a fossil earth combined with the oxid of some metal."-Ib., p. 96. Genii, when denoting ærial spirits: Geniuses, when signifying persons of genius."-Mur.'s Gram., i, p. 42. Genii, when denoting æriel spirits; Geniuses, when signifying persons of genius."—Frost's Gram., p. 9. "Genius, Plu. geniuses, men of wit; but genii, ærial beings."-Nutting's Gram., p. 18. Acrisius, king of Argos, had a beautiful daughter, whose name was Dana."-Classic Tales, p. 109. "Phæton was the son of Apollo and Clymene."-Ib., p. 152. "But, after all, I may not have reached the intended Gaol."-Buchanan's Syntax, Pref., p. xxvii. "Pitticus was

66

66

offered a large sum.' Better: 'A large sum was offered to Pitticus.'"-Kirkham's Gram., p. 187. 66 'King Missipsi charged his sons to respect the senate and people of Rome."-See ib., p. 161. "For example: Gallileo invented the telescope."-Ib., pp. 54 and 67. "Cathmor's warriours sleep in death."-Ib., p. 54. "For parsing will enable you to detect and correct errours in composition."-lb., p. 50.

"O'er barren mountains, o'er the flow'ry plain,

Extends thy uncontroul'd and boundless reign."-Dryden.

PROMISCUOUS ERRORS IN SPELLING.
LESSON I-MIXED.

"A bad author deserves better usage than a bad critick."-POPE: Johnson's Dict., w. Former. "Produce a single passage superiour to the speech of Logan, a Mingo chief, delivered to Lord Dunmore, when governour of Virginia."-Kirkham's Elocution, p. 247. "We have none synonimous to supply its place."-Jamieson's Rhetoric, p. 48. "There is a probability that the effect will be accellerated."-Ib., p. 48. "Nay, a regard to sound hath controuled the public choice." -Ib., p. 46. "Though learnt from the uninterrupted use of gutterel sounds."-Ib., p. 5. “It is by carefully filing off all roughness and inequaleties, that languages, like metals, must be polished."-Ib., p. 48. "That I have not mispent my time in the service of the community."Buchanan's Syntax, Pref., p. xxviii. "The leaves of maiz are also called blades."- Webster's El. Spelling-Book, p. 43. "Who boast that they know what is past, and can foretel what is to come." -Robertson's Amer., Vol. i, p. 360. "Its tasteless dullness is interrupted by nothing but its perplexities."-Abbott's Teacher, p. 18. "Sentences constructed with the Johnsonian fullness and swell."-Jamieson's Rhet., p. 130. "The privilege of escaping from his prefatory dullness and prolixity."-Kirkham's Elocution, p. iv. "But in poetry this characteristick of dulness attains its full growth."-Ib., p. 72. The leading characteristick consists in an increase of the force and fullness."-Ib., p. 71. "The character of this opening fulness and feebler vanish."-Ib., p. 31. Who, in the fullness of unequalled power, would not believe himself the favourite of heaven?" -Ib., p. 181. "They marr one another, and distract him."-Philological Museum, Vol. i, p. 433. "Let a deaf worshipper of antiquity and an English prosodist settle this."-Rush, on the Voice, p. 140. "This phillipic gave rise to my satirical reply in self-defence."-Merchant's Criticisms.

"We here saw no inuendoes, no new sophistry, no falsehoods.”—Ib.

"A witty and humourous rein has often produced enemies."-Murray's Key, p. 173. "Cry holla! to thy tongue, I pr'ythee: it curvetts unseasonably."-Shak. "I said, in my slyest manner, 'Your health, sir.'"-Blackwood's Mag., Vol. xl, p. 679. "And attornies also travel the circuit in pursute of business."Red Book, p. 83. "Some whole counties in Virginia would hardly sel for the valu of the dets du from the inhabitants."-Webster's Essays, p. 361. "They were called the court of assistants, and exercized all powers legislativ and judicial.”—Ib., "Arithmetic is excellent for the guaging of liquors."-Murray's Gram., 8vo, p. 288. "Most of the inflections may be analysed in a way somewhat similar."-Ib., p. 112.

"To epithets allots emphatic state,

p. 340.

Whilst principals, ungrac'd, like lacquies wait."-C. Churchill's Ros., p. 8.

LESSON II.-MIXED.

σε Το

"Hence it [less] is a privative word, denoting destitution; as, fatherless, faithless, penny less."Webster's Dict., w. Less. 46 Bay; red, or reddish, inclining to a chesnut color."-Same. mimick, to imitate or ape for sport; a mimic, one who imitates or mimics.”—Ib. "Counterroll, a counterpart or copy of the rolls; Counterrolment, a counter account."-Ib. "Millenium, the thousand years during which Satan shall be bound."-Ib. "Millenial, pertaining to the millenium, or to a thousand years."-Ib. "Thraldom; slavery, bondage, a state of servitude."--See Johnson's Dict. "Brier, a prickly bush; Briery, rough, prickly, full of briers; Sweetbriar, a fragrant shrub."-See Johnson, Walker, Chalmers, Webster, and others. "Will, in the second and third Persons, barely foretels."-British Gram., p. 132. "And therefor there is no Word false, but what is distinguished by Italics."--Ib., Pref., p. v. "What should be repeted is left to their Discretion."-Ib., p. iv. "Because they are abstracted or seperated from material Substances."Ib., p. ix. "All Motion is in Time, and therefor, where-ever it exists, implies Time as its Concommitant."-Ib., p. 140. "And illiterate grown persons are guilty of blameable spelling."—Ib., Pref, p. xiv. "They wil always be ignorant, and of ruf uncivil manners." Webster's Essays, "This fact wil hardly be beleeved in the northern states."--Ib., p. 367. "The province however waz harrassed with disputes."-1b, p. 352. "So little concern haz the legislature for the interest of lerning.”—Ib., p. 349. "The gentlemen wil not admit that a skoolmaster can be a gentleman."-Ib., p. 362. "Such absurd qui-pro-quoes cannot be too strenuously avoided.”—Churchill's Gram., p. 205. "When we say, 'a man looks slyly; we signify, that he assumes a sly look."-Ib., p. 339. Peep; to look through a crevice; to look narrowly, closely, or slyly." -Webster's Dict. "Hence the confession has become a hacknied proverb."-Wayland's Moral Science, p. 110. "Not to mention the more ornamental parts of guilding, varnish, &c."-Tooke's Diversions, Vol. i, p. 20. "After this system of self-interest had been rivetted."-Brown's Estimate, Vol. ii, p. 136. "Prejudice might have prevented the cordial approbation of a bigotted Jew."-SCOTT: on Luke, x.

p. 346.

33.

"All twinkling with the dew-drop sheen,

The briar-rose fell in streamers green."-Lady of the Lake, p. 16.

LESSON III.-MIXED.

"The infinitive mode has commonly the sign to before it."-Harrison's Gram., p. 25. "Thus, it is adviseable to write singeing, from the verb to singe, by way of distinction from singing, the participle of the verb to sing."-Ib., p. 27. "Many verbs form both the preterite tense and the preterite participle irregularly."-Ib., p. 28. "Much must be left to every one's taste and judgment."-Ib., p. 67. "Verses of different lengths intermixed form a Pindarick poem.”— Priestley's Gram., p. 44. "He'll surprize you."-Frost's El. of Gram., p. 88. Unequalled archer! why was this concealed?"-KNOWLES: ib., p. 102. "So gaily curl the waves before each dashing prow."-BYRON: ib., p. 104. "When is a dipthong called a proper dipthong?"Infant School Gram., p. 11. "How many ss would goodness then end with? Three."-Ib., p. "Q. What is a tripthong? A. A tripthong is the union of three vowels, pronounced in like manner."-Bacon's Gram., p. 7. "The verb, noun, or pronoun, is referred to the preceding terms taken seperately."-Ib., p. 47. "The cubic foot of matter which occupies the center of the globe."-Cardell's Gram., 18mo, p. 47. "The wine imbibes oxigen, or the acidifying principle, from the air."-Ib., p. 62. "Charcoal, sulphur, and niter, make gun powder."-Ib., p. 90. "It would be readily understood, that the thing so labeled, was a bottle of Madeira wine."-Ib., p. 99. "They went their ways, one to his farm, an other to his merchandize."-lb., p. 130. "A dipthong is the union of two vowels, sounded by a single impulse of the voice."-Russell's Gram., p. 7. "The professors of the Mahommedan religion are called Mussulmans.”—Maltby's Gram., p. 73. "This shews that let is not a sign of the imperative mood, but a real verb."Ib., p. 51. "Those preterites and participles, which are first mentioned in the list, seem to be the most eligible."-Ib., p. 47. "Monosyllables, for the most part, are compared by er and est; and dyssyllables by more and most.”—Ïb., p. 19. “This termination, added to a noun, or adjec tive, changes it into a verb: as modern, to modernise; a symbol, to symbolize."-Churchill's Gram., p. 24. "An Abridgment of Murray's Grammar, with additions from Webster, Ash, Tooke, and others"-Maltby's title-page. "For the sake of occupying the room more advantagously, the subject of Orthography is merely glanced at.”—Nutting's Gram., p. 5. "So contended the accusers

337.

of Gallileo."-0. B. Peirce's Gram., 12mo, 1839, p. 380. "Murray says, 'They were traveling past when we met them.'"-Peirce, ib., p. 361. "They fulfil the only purposes for which they are designed."-Ib., p. 359. "On the fulfillment of the event."-Ib., p. 175. "Fullness consists in expressing every idea."-Ib., p. 291. "Consistently with fulness and perspicuity."-Ib., p. The word verriest is a gross corruption; as, 'He is the verriest fool on earth.'”- -Wright's Gram, p. 202. "The sound will recal the idea of the object."—Hiley's Gram., p. 142. Formed for great enterprizes."-Bullions's Prin. of E. Gram., p. 153. "The most important rules and definitions are printed in large type, italicised.”—Hart's Gram., p. 3. “HAMLETTED, a. Accustomed to a hamlet; countrified."-Bolles's Dict., and Chalmers's. 'Singular, spoonful, cup-full, coach-full, handful; plural, spoonfuls, cup-fulls, coach-fulls, handfuls."-Bullions's Analyt. and Pract Gram., p. 27.

"Between Superlatives and following Names,

66

OF, by Grammatick Right, a Station claims."-Brightland's Gram., p. 146.

CHAPTER V.-QUESTIONS.

ORDER OF REHEARSAL, AND METHOD OF EXAMINATION.

[The student ought to be able to answer with readiness, and in the words of the book, all the following questions on grammar. And if he has but lately commenced the study, it may be well to require of him a general rehearsal of this kind, before he proceeds to the correction of any part of the false grammar quoted in the foregoing chapters. At any rate, he should be master of so many of the definitions and rules as precede the part which he attempts to correct; because this knowledge is necessary to a creditable performance of the exercise. But those who are very quick at reading, may perform it tolerably, by consulting the book at the time, for what they do not remember. The answers to these questions will embrace all the main text of the work; and, if any further examination be thought necessary, extemporaneous questions may be framed for the purpose.]

LESSON I.-GRAMMAR.

1. What is the name, or title, of this book? 2. What is Grammar? 3. What is an English Grammar? 4. What is English Grammar, in itself? and what knowledge does it imply? 5. If grammar is the art of reading, writing, and speaking, define these actions. What is it, to read? 6. What is it, to write? 7. What is it, to speak? 8. How is grammar to be taught, and by what means are its principles to be made known? 9. What is a perfect definition? 10. What is an example, as used in teaching? 11. What is a rule of grammar? 12. What is an exercise? 13. What was language at first, and what is it now? 14. Of what two kinds does the composition of language consist? and how do they differ? 15. What are the least parts of language? 16. What has discourse to do with sentences? or sentences, with points? 17. In extended compositions, what is the order of the parts, upwards from a sentence? 18. What, then, is the common order of literary division, downwards, throughout? 19. Are all literary works divided exactly in this way? 20. How is Grammar divided? 21. Of what does Orthography treat? 22. Of what does Etymology treat? 23. Of what does Syntax treat? 24. Of what does Prosody treat?

PART FIRST, ORTHOGRAPHY.

LESSON II.-LETTERS.

1. Of what does Orthography treat? 2. What is a letter? 3. What is an elementary sound of human voice, or speech? 4. What name is given to the sound of a letter? and what epithet, to a letter not sounded? 5. How many letters are there in English? and how many sounds do they represent? 6. In what does a knowledge of the letters consist? 7. What variety is there in the letters? and how are they always the same? 8. What different sorts of types, or styles of letters, are used in English? 9. What are the names of the letters in English? 10. What are their names in both numbers, singular and plural? 11. Into what general classes are the letters divided? 12. What is a vowel? 13. What is a consonant? 14. What letters are vowels? and what, consonants? 15. When are w and y consonants? and when, vowels? 16. How are the consonants divided? 17. What is a semivowel? 18. What is a mute? 19. What letters are reckoned semivowels? and how many of these are aspirates? 20. What letters are called liquids? and why? 21. What letters are reckoned mutes? and which of them are imperfect mutes?

LESSON III-SOUNDS.

1. What is meant, when we speak of the powers of the letters? 2. Are the sounds of a language fewer than its words? 3. How are different vowel sounds produced? 4. What are the vowel sounds in English? 5. How may these sounds be modified in the formation of syllables? 6. Can you form a word upon each by means of an ƒ? 7. Will you try the series again with a p? 8. How may the vowel sounds be written? and how uttered when they are not words? 9. Which of the vowel sounds form words? and what of the rest? 10. How many and what are the consonant sounds in English? 11. In what series of words may all these sounds be heard?