CONTENTS.

RESIDENCE of the Author-Extensive prospect on the banks of
the Severn-Welsh mountains, and passages of the river-
Roman encampment upon a British site-Remains of the
Romans-Coins-Skeletons of men and horses-Traces of a
forest-Soils of the parish-Limestone, its abundance and
uses—origin—Rocks formed in the parish by the coral polypi
-analysis of-Rocks of deposit-analysis of—Lead ore-Car-
bonate of strontian-Traveller's foot burned off-Residences
upon limestone supposed healthy-Employment for labourers
-Amount of stone disposed of-A worthy peasant-Analysis
of soils considered as fallacious-Dairy processes-Grass lands,
their nature-Wild plants-predominating plants in corn-fields
-Soils will produce particular herbage-Mode of saving hay
-Wheat-Culture of the potato-sorts-expense and profit
-effect upon the soil-not considered as injurious-sketch of
its history-its introduction—some soils not favourable for the
root-introduced later than tobacco-value to mankind-Ig-
norance of the first habitants of the Cerealia-Tendency of
plants to revert to their original creation-Original species of
the potato cannot now be ascertained-Component parts of
some varieties-Teazle crops-its introduction-culture-ga-
thering-value-its cultivation not injurious to the soil-va-
riety of names — - application consumption-Bad custom in
farming-" clatters"
Page 1 to 50

Study of natural history no subject of ridicule-to be made an

object in youth-A beautiful Oak tree-magnitude of several

trees-uncertain in producing acorns-an history of the oak

might be written-all its products valuable-Wych elm-its

character-uses-magnitude-name-suffers in early frosts-

not beautiful in autumn-The buff tip moth-Trees condense

moisture-Air under trees-verdure-Utility and agency of

foliage-Prevalence of plants in soils-Fetid hellebore-uses

-Village doctress-Blossoms of plants-use not manifest-

Carpenter bee- What flowers most abundant-design of

flowers-application of flowers-love of flowers — emblems-

amusements of children-universal ornament-cultivation of

flowers-bouquet-Poplar tree-formation of foot-stalks-its

Page 50-76

suckers

-

-

Dyers' broom-gathering-dishonest practice-uses for the dyer
-Conformation of flax and silk-Nature of colour-Snapdra-
gon-an insect trap-Dogsbane-very destructive the object
mysterious Glaucous birthwort-Snapdragon vegetates in
great drought-Evaporation from the earth-Ivy-its shelter'
and food for birds and insects-love of ivy-ornament to
ruins-its effect-Foxglove-grows only in particular soils—
-medicinal uses uncertain application-name-ancient names
-Vindication of old epithets-Ancient and modern remedies
-Snowdrop-a native plant-remains long in abandoned
places-character of the snowdrop-Yellow oat grass-affected
by drought-Vervain-ancient estimation, and application-
Druids of Gaul-Ancient and modern virtues-Dyers' weed
-value uses cultivation-yellow colour-most permanent
and common-Brimstone butterfly-Day's eye-Dandelion-
Singular appearance of a grass-Brambles-insect path on the
leaves-uses of the bramble-Maple tree-an early autumn
beau-fashion followed by others- maple wood a beautiful
microscopic object-medicinal properties-leaves punctured by
insects-Traveller's joy-grows in limestone soils by preference

-uses-pores of the wood in the microscope-Vessels of plants

-uninjured by dry seasons-Seeds of the clematis

Page 76-115

Naturalist's autumnal walk-beautiful, and full of variety-
Agaric-beauty and variety-plentiful in Monmouthshire-
Agaricus fimi putris—Verdigris agaric—Fungi very uncertain
in their growth-Flower-formed hydnum-Mitred helvella—
Grey puff ball—Fingered clavaria-Agarics, to be understood,
observed in all stages of growth-Perishable nature of created
things-Parasitic fungi-laurel-holly-two fronted sphæria
-elm leaves-sycamore leaves-bark of plants—the nut-
beech-Odorous agaric-Fragrant agaric- Stainer' agaric
-Stinking phallus-Mode of propagation - Turreted puff-
Starry puff-Morell-Bell-shaped nidularia-Food for mice

115-133

Marten cat--his capture-well adapted for a predatory life—its

skin-Hedgehog—mode of life—always destroyed-prejudices

against-cruelty of man-an article of food-sensibility of the

spines-Harvest mouse-where found-character-Increase

and decrease of animals-Migration of rats-Water shrew-

its residence and habits-Common shrew mouse-Pale blue

shrew-Mole-his actions-character-abundance of. easily

discovers his food-structure of his body-fur and hair of

animals-flesh of the moles-killed by weasels 133-152

Birds-admiration of-The hedge sparrow-contingencies of its

life-song-example of a domestic character-Willow wren-

early appearance—and departure—nest-object of her migra-

tion-Difficulty of rearing young birds-Golden-crested wren

-Linnet-their song-habits-Bull-finch-character—injuri-

ous to trees-preference of food—no destroyer of insects—

Robin-character-always found-Song of birds-motives ob-

Scure- -Chaffinch-beautifully feathered-female, her habits—

b

country epithets-conduct in spring-moisten their eggs in hot

weather Parish rewards for vermin-Blue tomtit-perishes

in winter-mode of obtaining food-stratagems-Birds distin-

guished by voice-Cole mouse-variety of notes-Long tailed

tomtit-nests-journeys-eggs—labour to feed their young—

winter food-great variety of nests-Goldfinch-beautiful nests

-Sufferings of the swallow-Maternal care of a little blue

tomtit-industry-Raven-scared from its nest-faculty of

discovering its food-universally found-duration of life-re-

verence-superstitions wearing out-duration of animal life-

aided or injured by man-an old horse-life of man-Crossbill

-breeds in England-Rook-suffers in cold and dry seasons-

his life in the year 1825-various habits of-detects grubs in

the earth-his habits in the spring-associations-senses-

Magpie-nests-habits-plunderers of the farm-yard-natural

affection-Jay-conduct of the old birds-winter habits-fea-

thers-Shrike-nest-young-kills other birds-a sentinel-its

mischievous disposition-Stormy petrel-habits-Wryneck—

its habits-Birds annually diminishing-Swanpool Lincoln-

Nightingale-migrating birds-Rooks love long avenues-Star-

lings great flights-social habits-breeding-a stray bird-

actions before roosting-congregate-very attentive to their

young-journeyings-Laborious life of birds-Red-start-

Starling, brown-habits-a very dusky bird-Hawks capture

by intimidation-single out individuals-Early seasons-bring

rain-Blooming of the white thorn-Migrating birds-their

conduct-Butcher bird-Gray fly-catcher-Thrush-instance

of affection-motives of action-utility in a garden-Sparrows

-domestic habits-manners- increase destruction-great

consumers of insects-accommodating appetite

Page 152-217

Creatures associating with man-Common mouse-Rat-House-
fly-Utility of animals-Conduct of man-The dog-Wheat-
ear-Country amusements often cruel-Supplication for pity-

Eggs their markings-Foolish superstition-Kite-his habits
-great capture of Black cap-habits-song-nest-food
shyness-habits of our occasional visiting birds-Petty chaps
-White throats Willow wren-Fear of man in animals

-Stratagem of a wren- - Instinct —Awakening of birds-
Early morning-Morning in autumn-Goldfinch-captured
-die in the winter soon reconciled to captivity-Trée creeper
-winters in England not an increasing bird-Yellow wag-

tail-Rapacious birds-Passerine birds-Buntings-unthatch-

ing corn ricks-Old tokens and signs-White lily-Pimpernel—

Mistle thrush-his note-breeds near the dwellings of man-

Change of character in birds-Love of offspring--Divine ap-

pointments-Jack snipe solitary habits-Christmas shooter-

Association of birds-Peewit-habits-eggs-Prognostications

-Hedge-fruit- Fieldfares-Redwings-feeding in the low-

lands-uplands-Egg of the fieldfare-Rural sounds-notes of

birds-Plumage of birds-Song of birds-Woodlark-habits—

voice-capture-Language of man—of birds—Note significant

of danger-Singing a spontaneous effusion-Variety of note

in same species—' Lady-bird' note of a song-thrush-Croaking

of the nightingale-Admiration of birds-Cleanly and innocent

creatures
Page 217-277

Knowledge slowly obtained-Entomology a difficult study-
Wonders around us-The objects of many insects unknown-
Chrysalis of a moth-Four spotted dragon fly-Ghost moth-
soon destroyed-Specimens of plumage of butterflies-Argus
butterfly-a pugnacious insect-combats-Azure butterfly-
seldom seen-
—Humming bird sphinx-habits-wildness—tamed
by familiarity-feigns death-Painted lady butterfly-uncer-
tain in appearing-Marble butterfly-Wasp-Meadow-brown
butterfly-Yellow winged moth-Admirable butterfly-Gamma
moth—Goat moth-their numbers-odour-power of destruc-
tion-Larvæ of phalana cossus, where plentifully found-De-
signs of nature-Evening ramble-Insects abounding-igno