those of the corresponding parts of a buffalo. The dimensions compared with those of the buffalo and camel are thus: Depth of the jaw from the alveolus last molar 4.95 in. 2·65 in. 2·70 in. Greatest thickness of do. Width of middle of last molar Length of posterior 3d of do. 2.3 1.05 1.4 No known ruminant, fossil or existing, has a jaw of such large size; the average dimensions above given being more than double those of a buffalo, which measured in length of head 19-2 inches (489 mètres); and exceeding those of the corresponding parts of the rhinoceros. We have therefore no hesitation in referring the fragment to the Sivatherium giganteum. The above comprises all that we know regarding the osteology of the head from an actual examination of the parts. We have not been so fortunate hitherto, as to meet with any other remain comprising the anterior part of the muzzle either of the upper or lower jaw. We shall now proceed to deduce the form of the deficient parts, and the structure of the head generally, to the extent that may be legitimately inferred from the data of which we are in possession. XLII. [To be continued.] Experimental Researches into the Physiology of the Human Voice. By JOHN BISHOP, Esq., &c. &c.t THE HE human voice is a subject of universal interest, and attracts the attention of numerous individuals in every class of society. The facility with which its organs are brought into play, and the perfect ease with which its various tones are produced, convey no idea of the complex and elaborate mechanism by which they are effected, nor of the extreme intricacy in which the phænomena are involved. Few perhaps are aware that the subject of the voice has been the cause of more laborious research and hypothetical reasoning, attended with more perplexing results, than almost any other object of inquiry connected with animal physiology. The term voice is exclusively appropriated to those sounds which are produced by the vocal organs of animals. These sounds are of two kinds, namely, first, the primary inarticulate tones, with all their modifications of character, quality and in In a note received from Captain Cautley while this paper is in the press, that gentleman mentions the discovery of a portion of the skeleton of a Sivatherium in another part of the hills: See Journal As. Soc. vol. iv. "During my recent trip to the Siawliks near the Pinjor valley, the field of Messrs. Baker and Durand's labours, I regretted much my inability to obtain the dimensions of one of the most superb fossils I suppose that ever was found. It was unfortunately discovered and excavated by a party of workpeople employed by a gentleman with whom I was unacquainted; and although I saw the fossil when in the rock, I was prevented from getting the measurements afterwards. This specimen appeared to consist of the femur and tibia, with the tarsal, metatarsal, and phalanges of our Sivatherium." It is much to be regretted that such an opportunity should have been lost of adding to the information already acquired of this new and gigantic ruminant.-SEC. ASIAT. Soc. + Communicated by the Author. Third Series. Vol. 9. No. 53. Sept. 1836. Ꮓ |