A Text-book of Chemistry: A Modern and Systematic Explanation of the Elementary Principles of the Science ... |
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acetic acid alcohol allotropic ammonia anhydride arsenic atoms bivalent bodies bottle burning C₂ calcic called carbonic acid carbonic di-oxide changed chemical action chemical attraction chemical force chemist Chemistry chloric acid chlorine coal color colorless gas combining weight combustion composition condensed constituents contains copper cupel dark decay decomposed dissolved distillation drogen electricity elements ether example experiment ferment flame furnace gases glass grammes H₂ heat hence hydrate hydro hydrochloric acid hydrogen iodide iodine iron light lime liquid melted mercury metals mixed mixture molecules nature nitrate nitric acid nitrogen nitrous oxide non-metals notice obtained oxygen phosphorus potassic chlorate potassium produced properties proportions quantivalence salt set free silver sodic sodic carbonate sodium solid soluble solution specific gravity spectrum substances sugar sulphate sulphide sulphuric acid symbols takes taper temperature thallium tion tube vapor vessel volatile volumes of hydrogen wood zinc
Popular passages
Page 65 - Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules...
Page 143 - ... it becomes reduced to spongy metallic iron, which, mixed with the flux and the earthy impurities of the ore, settles down to hotter parts of the furnace, where it enters into a fusible combination with carbon, while the flux and earthy impurities melt together to a liquid slag. The liquid carburetted iron settles to the very bottom of the furnace, whence it is drawn out, at intervals, through a tapping-hole, which is stopped with sand when not in use.
Page 196 - ... afterwards whirled through the tube. The tube being again exhausted, the mixed air and vapour were allowed to enter it in the dark. The slightly convergent beam of the electric light was then sent through the tube from end to end. For a moment the tube was optically empty, nothing whatever was seen within it ; but before a second had elapsed a shower of liquid spherules was precipitated on the beam, thus generating a cloud within the tube. This cloud became denser as the light continued to act,...
Page 2 - ENTERED, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1842, BY D. APPLETON & COMPANY, in the Clerk's Office of the District Conrt of the United States, for the Southern District of New York.
Page 203 - B, which is in the red near the end of the spectrum ; c is farther advanced in the red ; D is in the orange ; E, in the green ; F, in the blue ; G, in the indigo ; and H, in the violet.
Page 143 - The layers of solid material thrown in at the top of the furnace gradually sink down, and as soon as a stratum of ore has descended sufficiently to be heated by the hot mixture of nitrogen and carbonic oxide it becomes reduced to spongy metallic iron, which, mixed with the flux and the earthy impurities of the ore, settles down to hotter parts of the furnace, where it enters into a fusible combination with carbon, while...
Page 3 - ... 2. It is thoroughly systematized. The order and development of subjects is thought to be logical, and the arrangement of topics especially adapted to the needs of those who aspire to do the best service in their every day responsibilities.
Page 167 - Lastly, amongst the chemical reactions celebrated for the production of dazzling light, there are few which surpass the active combustion of phosphorus in oxygen. Now, phosphoric anhydride, the product of this combustion, is volatile at a red heat,* and it is, therefore, manifestly impossible that this substance should exist in the solid form at the temperature of the phosphorus flame, which far transcends the melting point of platinum. For these reasons, and for others which the speaker had stated...
Page 106 - Cl. Each element, however, has a maximum power, which it never exceeds. This we shall call its atomicity, and we shall distinguish the elements as monads, dyads, triads, &c., according to the number of univalent atoms or radicals they are able at most to bind together.
Page 31 - We have already learned that water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen, in the proportions of two volumes of hydrogen to one of oxygen, or, by weight, of 2 parts of hydrogen to 16 of oxygen.