pretended to be to your person. They were ready enough to distinguish between you (again meaning our said present sovereign lord the king) and your ministers. They complained of an act of the legislature, but traced the origin of it no higher than to the servants of the c-n (meaning crown) they pleased themselves with the hope that their s-r-n (meaning sovereign) if not favourable to their cause, at least was impartial. The decisive personal part you took against them, has effectually banished that first distinction from their minds. They consider you as united with your servants against A-r-a (meaning America) and know how to distinguish the s- -n (meaning sovereign) and a venal p- -t (meaning parliament) on one side, from the real sentiments of the English people on the other. Looking forward to independence they might possibly receive you (again meaning our said lord the now king) for their k~; (meaning king) but if ever you retire to A-r-a (meaning America) be assured they will give you such a covenant to digest, as the presbytery of Scotland would have been ashamed to offer to Charles the second. They left their native land in search of freedom, and found it in a desart. Divided as they are, into a thousand forms of policy and religion, there is one point in which they all agree: they equally detest the pageantry of a k—, (meaning king) and the supercilious hypocrisy of a bishop. It is not then from the alienated affections of 1-1-d (meaning Ireland) or A—r—a (meaning America) that you (again meaning our said present sovereign lord the king) can reasonably look for assistance; still less from the people of E----d (meaning England) who are actually contending for their rights, and, in this great question, are parties against you (again meaning our said present sovereign lord the king.) You (again meaning our said present sovereign lord the king) are not however destitute of every appearance of support; you (again meaning our said present sovereign lord the king) have all the Jacobites, Nonjurors, Roman Catholics, and Tories of this country, and all S-d (meaning Scotland) without exception. Considering from what family you are descended, the choice of your friends has been singularly directed; and truly, Sir, (again meaning our said lord the now king) if you had not lost the Whig interest of England, I should admire your dexterity in turning the hearts of your enemies. Is it possible for you to place any confidence in men, who, before they are faithful to you must renounce every opinion, and betray every principle both in church and state, which they inherit from their ancestors, and are confirmed in by their education? whose numbers are so considerable, that they have long since been obliged to give up the principles and language which distinguished them as a party, and to fight under the banners of their enemies? their zeal begins with hypocrisy and must conclude in treachery. At first they deceive; at last they betray. As to the Scotch, I must suppose your heart and understanding so biassed, from your earliest infancy, in their favour, that nothing less than your own misfortunes can undeceive you. You (again meaning our said present sovereign lord the king) will not accept of the uniform experience of your ancestors; and when once a man is determined to believe, the very ab. surdity of the doctrine confirms him in his faith. A bigotted understanding can draw a proof of attachment to the House of H-n-r (meaning Hanover) from a notorious zeal for the House of Stuart, and find an earuest of future loyalty in former rebellions. Appear. ances are however in their favour; so strongly indeed, that one would think they had forgotten that you are their lawful k-, (meaning king) and had mistaken you for a pretender to the c-n. (meaning crown) Let it be admitted then, that the Scotch are as sincere in their present professions, as if you were in reality not an Englishman, but a Briton of the north, you would not be the first p-e (meaning prince) of their native country against whom they have rebelled, nor the first whom they have basely betrayed. Have you (meaning our said lord the now king) forgotten, Sir, or has your favourite concealed from you that part of our history, when the unhappy Charles (and he too had private virtues) fled from the open avowed indignation of his English subjects, and surrendered himself at discretion to the good faith of his own countrymen. Without looking for support in their affections as subjects, he applied only to their honour, as gentlemen, for protection. They received him as they would your my (meaning majesty) with bows, and smiles, and falshood, and kept him until they had settled their bargain with the English parliament; then basely sold their native k— (meaning king) to the vengeance of his enemies. This, Sir, was not the act of a few traitors, but the deliberate treachery of a Scotch parliament representing the nation. A wise p-ce (meaning prince) might draw from it two lessons of equal utility to himself; on one side he might learn to dread the undis. guised resentment of a generous people, who dare openly assert their rights, and who, in a just cause, are ready to meet their s(meaning sovereign) in the field; on the other side, he would be taught to apprehend something far more formidable-a fawning treachery, against which no prudence can guard, no courage can defend. The insidious smiles upon the cheek would warn him of the canker in the heart. From the uses, to which one part of the army has been too frequently applied, you (again meaning our said lord the now king) have some reason to expect, that there are no services they would refuse. Here too we trace the partiality of your understanding. You take the sense of the army from the conduct of the guards, with the same justice with which you collect the sense of the people from the representations of the ministry. Your marching regiments, Sir, (again meaning our ་ your my (meaning majesty) to consider C of (meaning House of Commons) apparently not so dangerous to your m -, (meaning majesty) is still more alarming to your people. Not contented with divesting one man of his right, they have arbitrarily conveyed that right to another. They have set aside a return as illegal, without daring to censure those officers who were particularly apprized of Mr. Wilkes's incapacity, not only by the declaration of the H- (meaning the said House) but expressly by the writ directed to them, but who nevertheless returned him as duly elected. They have rejected the majority of votes, the only criterion by which our laws judge of the sense of the people; they have transferred the right of election from the collective to the representative body; and by these acts, taken separately or together, they have essentially altered the original constitution of the Hof C said lord the now king) will not make the guards their example either as soldiers or subJects, They feel and resent, as they ought to do, that invariable, undistinguishing favour with which the guards are treated, while those gallant troops, by whom every hazardous, every laborious service is performed, are left to perish in garrisons abroad, or pine in quar-lowed the example of the Long Parliament, ters at home, neglected and forgotten. If they had no sense of the great original duty they owe their country, their resentment would operate like patriotism, and leave your cause to be defended by those to whom you (again meaning our said present sovereign lord the king) have lavished the rewards and honours of their profession. The prætorian bands, enervated and debauched as they were, had still strength enough to awe the Roman populace: but when the distant legions took the alarm, they marched to Rome, and gave away the empire. On this side then, whichever way you (again meaning our said lord the now king) may determine to support the very ministry who have reduced your affairs to this deplorable situation : you may shelter yourself under the forms of a pt (meaning parliament) and set your people at defiance. But be assured, Sir, that such a resolution would be as imprudent as it would be odious. If it did not immediately shake your establishment, it would rob you of your peace of mind for ever. On the other, how different is the prospect! how easy, how safe and honourable is the path before you! the English nation declare they are grossly injured by their representatives, and solicit your m (meaning majesty) to exert your lawful prerogative, and give them an opportunity of recalling a trust which, they find, has been so scandalously abused. You are not to be told that the power of the Hof (meaning House of Commons) is not original, but delegated to them for the welfare of the people, from whom they receive it. A question of right arises between the constituent and the representative body. By what authority shall it be decided? will your my (meaning majesty) interfere in a question in which you have properly no immediate concern? it would be a step equally odious and unnecessary. Shall the Lords be called upon to determine the rights and privileges of the Com- may learn hereafter, how nearly the slave and mons? They cannot do it without a flagrant tyrant are allied. Some of your council, more breach of the constitution. Or will you (again candid than the rest, admit the abandoned promeaning our said lord the now king) refer it to fligacy of the present H of the judges? They bave often told your an- (meaning House of Commons) but oppose cestors, that the law of parliament is above their dissolution upon an opinion, I confess not them. What party then remains but to leave very unwarrantable, that their successors would it to the people to determine for themselves? be equally at the disposal of the treasury. I they alone are injured; and since there are no cannot persuade myself that the nation will superior power to which the cause can be re- have profited so little by experience. But if ferred, they alone ought to determine. I do that opinion were well founded, you (again meannot mean to perplex you (again meaning ouring our said present sovereign lord the king) said present sovereign lord the king) with a tedious argument upon a subject already so discussed, that inspiration could hardly throw a new light upon it. There are, however, two points of view, in which it particularly imports (meaning House of Commons.) Versed, as your m- (meaning majesty) undoubtedly is, in the English history, it cannot easily escape you, how much it is your interest, as well as your duty, to prevent one of the three estates from encroaching upon the province of the other two, or assuming the authority of them all. When once they have departed from the great constitutional line, by which all their proceedings should be directed, who will answer for their future moderation? Or what assurance will they give you (again meaning our said present sovereign lord the king) that, when they have trampled upon their equals, they will submit to a superior? Your m (meaning majesty) might then gratify our wishes at an easy rate, and appease the present clamours against your government, without offering any material injury to the favourite cause of corruption. You (again meaning our said present sovereign lord | the king) have still an honourable part to act. Ha-ver (meaning Hanover) not from a vain The affections of your subjects may still be re- preference of one family to another, but from covered. But before you (again meaning our a conviction that the establishment of that fasaid present sovereign lord the king) subdue mily was necessary to the support of their civil their hearts, you must gain a noble victory and religious liberties. This, Sir, (again meanover your own. Discard those little personal ing our said present sovereign lord the king) is resentments which have too long directed your a principle of allegiance equally solid and rapublic conduct. Pardon this man the remainder tional, fit for Englishmen to adopt, and well of his punishment, and if resentment still pre-worthy your my's (meaning majesty's) vails, make it what it should have been long encouragement. We cannot long be deluded since, an act, not of mercy, but contempt. He by nominal distinctions. The name of Stuart will soon fall back into his natural station, a si- itself is, only contemptible;-armed with the lent senator, and hardly supporting the week- sovereign authority their principles were forly eloquence of a news-paper. The gentle midable. The prince who imitates their conbreath of peace would leave him on the sur- duct should be warned by their example; and face, neglected and unremoved. It is only the while he plumes himself upon the security tempest that lifts him from his place. Without of his title to the crown, should remember, consulting your minister, call together your that as it was acquired by one revolution, it whole council. Let it appear to the public that may be lost by another. JUNIUS."-To the you can determine and act for yourself. Come great scandal and dishonour of our said present forward to your people. Lay aside the wretched sovereign lord the king and of his administraformalities of a k— (meaning king) and speak tion of the government of this kingdom. To to your subjects with the spirit of a man and the great scandal and dishonour of the said prein the language of a gentleman. Tell them sent House of Commons of this kingdom; and you (again meaning our said present sovereign also to the great scandal and disgrace of the lord the king) have been fatally deceived. The said principal officers and ministers of our said acknowledgment will be no disgrace, but rather lord the king employed and entrusted by our an honour to your understanding. Tell them said lord the king in the managing and conyou are determined to remove every cause ducting the weighty and arduous affairs of this of complaint against your government; that kingdom. To the great disturbance of the you will give your confidence to no man who public peace and tranquillity of this kingdom. does not possess the confidence of your sub- In contempt of our said lord the king and his jects; and that you (again meaning our said laws. To the evil and pernicious example of present sovereign lord the king) will leave it to all others in the like case offending; and also themselves to determine, by their conduct at a against the peace of our said lord the king future election, whether or not it be in reality his crown and dignity. And the said Attor the general sense of the nation, that their ney-General of our said lord the king for rights have been arbitrarily invaded by the pre- our said lord the king giveth the Court here sent H of C (meaning House of further to understand and be informed, that the Commons) and the constitution betrayed. They said John Almon again disregarding the laws will then do justice to their representatives and of this kingdom, and the public peace, good to themselves. These sentiments, Sir, (again order and government thereof, and most unlawmeaning our said present sovereign lord the fully, seditiously, and maliciously, contriving king) and the stile they are conveyed in, may and intending by wicked, artful, scandalous, and be offensive perhaps because they are new to malicious suppositions, allusions, and insinuayou. Accustomed to the language of courtiers, tions, to disturb the happy state and public you measure their affections by the vehemence peace and tranquillity of this kingdom, and of their expressions; and when they only praise most insolently, audaciously, and unjustly, to you indirectly you admire their sincerity. But asperse, scandalise, and vilify our said present this is not a time to trifle with your fortune. sovereign lord the king, and to represent, and to They deceive you, Sir, (again meaning our said cause it to be believed, that our said lord the present sovereign lord the king) who tell you king had, by his measures of government, lost that you (again meaning our said lord the king) the affections of his subjects in that part of have many friends, whose affections are found- Great Britain called England, and in Ireland, ed upon a principle of personal attachments. and in his dominions of America, and brought The first foundation of friendship is not the the public affairs of this kingdom into a most power of conferring benefits, but the equality distressed, disgraceful, and lamentable state with which they are received, and may be re- and condition. And also most unlawfully and turned. The fortune which made you (again maliciously contriving and intending to repremeaning our said present sovereign lord the sent, and cause it to be believed, that our said king) a king (meaning king) forbad you to have lord the king had bestowed promotions and faa friend. It is a law of nature which cannot vours upon his subjects of that part of his be violated with impunity. The mistaken kingdom of Great Britain called Scotland, in pe (meaning prince) who looks for friendship, preference to his subjects of that part of Great will find a favourite, and in that favourite the Britain called England, and thereby to create ruin of bis affairs. The people of E-gl-d groundless jealousies and uneasinesses in his (meaning England) are loyal to the House of majesty's subjects of England aforesaid, And called England) who placed your family, and, in spite of treachery and rebellion, have supported it upon the th-ne (meaning throne) is a mistake too gross even for the unsuspecting generosity of youth. In this error we see a capital violation of the most obvious rules of policy and prudence. We trace it, however, to an original bias in your education, and are ready to allow for your inexperience." And in another part of the said last mentioned libel according to the tenor following: "it is not then from the alienated affections of I----d (meaning Ireland) or A-r--a (meaning America) that you (again meaning our said lord the now king) can reasonably look for assistance; still less from the people of E-1-d, (meaning England) who are actually contending for their rights, and, in this great question, are parties against you (again meaning our said lord the now king) you (again meaning our said lord the now king) are not however destitute of every appearance of support: you (again meaning our said lord the now king) have all the Jacobites, Nonjurors, Roman Catholics, and Tories of this country, and all S-1-d (meaning that part of Great Britain called Scotland) without exception." And in another part of the said last mentioned libel according to the tenor following: "From the uses to which one part of the army (meaning the army of our said lord the king) has been too frequently applied, you (again meaning our said lord the now king) have some reason to expect, that there are no services they would refuse. Here too we trace the partiality of your (again mean also, most unjustly to represent, and to cause it to be believed, that our said lord the king had bestowed promotions and favours upon one part of his said majesty's army, commonly called the guards, in preference to another part of his army, commonly called the marching regiments, and thereby to create groundless jealousies, uneasiness, and mutiny, and desertion, in that part of his army called the marching regiments, and to bring our said lord the king and his administration of the government of this kingdom into the utmost dishonour and contempt, and to poison and infect the minds of his majesty's subjects with notions and opinions of our said lord the king, highly unworthy of our said lord the king, and of that paternal love and concern which he has always shewed and expressed for all his subjects, as if our said lord the king had unjustly taken a part with some of his subjects against others, and had unjustly prostituted the measures of his government to gratify personal resentments, and also thereby, as much as in him the said John Almon lay, to alienate and withdraw from our said lord the king, that cordial love, allegiance, and fidelity, which every subject of our said lord the king, should, and of right ought to have and shew towards our said lord the king. And also as much as in him the said John Almon lay, to move, excite, and stir up the subjects of our said lord the king to insurrection and rebellion, he the said John Almon afterwards (that is to say) upon the said first day of January, in the 10th year aforesaid, with force and arms at the parish aforesaid, and within the liberty aforesaid, in the said countying our said lord the king's) understanding. of Middlesex, unlawfully, wickedly, seditiously, You (again meaning our said lord the king) and maliciously, did publish and cause and take the sense of the army from the conduct of procure to be published a certain other scanda- the guards, (meaning the said part of the army lous, seditious, and malicious libel. In which of our said lord the king called the guards) with said last mentioned libel of and concerning out the same justice with which you (again meansaid lord the king and of his administration of ing our said lord the king) collect the sense of the government of this kingdom, and also of the people from the representations of the miand concerning the public affairs of this king-nistry. Your marching regiments (meaning dom are contained amongst other things, divers the said other part of the army of our said lord scandalous, seditious, and malicious matters, the king called the marching regiments) Sir, (that is to say) in one part thereof according to (again meaning our said lord the now king) the tenor following: "When you (meaning our will not make the guards their example either said lord the king) affectedly renounced the as soldiers or subjects. They feel and resent name of Englishman, believe me, Sir, (again as they ought to do, that invariable undistinmeaning our said lord the king) you were per-guishing favour with which the guards are suaded to pay a very ill judged compliment treated; while those gallant troops, by whom to one part of your subjects at the expence of every hazardous, every laborious service is peranother. While the natives of Scotland (meau-formed, are left to perish in garrisons abroad, ing that part of Great Britain called Scotland) or pine in quarters at home, neglected and are not in actual rebellion, they are undoubt-forgotten. If they had no sense of the great edly intitled to protection; nor do I mean to original duty they owe to their country, their condemn the policy of giving some encourage- resentment would operate like patriotism, and ment to the novelty of their affections for the leave your cause to be defended by those to House of Hanover. I am ready to hope for whom you (again meaning our said lord the every thing from their new born zeal, and king) have lavished the rewards and honours of from the future steadiness of their allegiance. their profession. The prætorian bands, enerBut hitherto they have no claim to your favour. vated and debauched as they were, had still To honour them with a determined predilec- strength enough to awe the Roman popu tion and confidence, in exclusion of your Eng-lace: but when the distant legions took lish subjects (meaning the subjects of our said the alarm, they marched to Rome and lord the king in that part of Great Britain gave away the empire," And in another VOL. XX. 3 G part of the said last mentioned libel accord- last above mentioned, he the said John Almon ing to the tenor following: "You (again mean- hath by such wicked, artful, scandalous, and ing our said lord the now king) have still an malicious allusions, suppositions, and insinuahonourable part to act. The affections of your tions as aforesaid, most unlawfully, wickedly subjects may still be recovered. "But before you and maliciously aspersed, scandalized, and vili(again meaning our said lord the now king) fied our said present sovereign lord the king, subdue their hearts, you (again meaning our and bis administration of the government of said lord the now king) must gain a noble vic- this kingdom, and hath thereby as much as in tory over your own. Discard those little per- him the said John Almon lay, endeavoured to sonal resentments which have too long di- bring our said lord the king and bis adminisrected your public conduct." And in another tation of the government of this kingdom into part of the said last mentioned libel according to the utmost dishonour, hatred, and contempt the tenor following: "The people of E-gl-d with his subjects, and to poison and infect the (meaning England) are loyal to the House of minds of his majesty's subjects with notions Ha-ver (meaning Hanover) not from a vain and sentiments highly unworthy of our said lord preference of one family to another, but from a the king. And hath also by that means (as conviction that the establishment of that family much as in him the said John Almon lay) enwas necessary to the support of their civil and deavoured to alienate and withdraw from our religious liberties. This, Sir, (again meaning said lord the king, that cordial love, allegiance, our said lord the now king) is a principle of al- and fidelity which every true and faithful sublegiance equally solid and rational, fit for Eng-ject of our said lord the king should, and of Jishmen to adopt, and well worthy your m-y's (meaning majesty's) encouragement. We caunot long be deluded by nominal distinctions. The name of Stuart itself is only contemptible; -armed with the sovereign authority, their principles were formidable. The prince who imitates their conduct should be warned by their example; and while he plumes himself upon the security of his title to the crown, should remember, that as it was acquired by one revolution, it may be lost by another. "JUNIUS." To the great scandal and dishonour of our said present sovereign lord the king, and of his administration of the government of this kingdom. To the great disturbance of the public peace, order, and government of this kingdom. In contempt of our said lord the king and his Jaws. To the evil and pernicious example of all others in the like case offending; and also against the peace of our said lord the king his crown and dignity. And the said Attorney-General of our said lord the king for our said lord the king giveth the court here further to understand and be informed, that he the said John Almon being such person as aforesaid, and further most insolently, audaciously, wickedly, and maliciously contriving and intending as aforesaid, and the sooner to accomplish, perfect, and bring to effect his said most unlawful, wicked, and seditious purposes, afterwards (that is to say) upon the said first day of January, in the said tenth year of the reign of our said lord the king, with force and arms, at the parish aforesaid, within the liberty aforesaid, in the county aforesaid, out of his further malice towards our said lord the king, and to his administration of the government of this kingdom, and also out of his further malice towards the said present House of Commons of this kingdom, a certain other wicked, scandalous, seditious, and malicious libel, intitled The London Museum of Politics, Miscellanies, and Literature-did unlawfully, wickedly, seditiously, and maliciously publish, and did cause and procure to be published, in which said libel right ought to bear towards our said lord the king, and hath also by that means (as much as in him the said John Almon lay) attempted to move, excite, and stir up the subjects of our said lord the king to a most unnatural insurrection against our said lord the king, and in which said libel last above mentioned, he the said John Almon hath also by such wicked, artful, scandalous, and malicious allusions, suppositions, and insinuations as aforesaid, most unlawfully, wickedly, and maliciously traduced, scandalized, and vilified the present House of Commons of this kingdom, and hath most audaciously, wickedly, and falsely represented the said present House of Commons as a most vile, profligate, abandoned, wicked, arbitrary, venal, and detestable set of men, and hath thereby (as much as in him the said John Almon lay) endeavoured to fill and possess the minds of all the people of this kingdom with notions and opinions of the present House of Commous highly unworthy of the said present House of Commons, and hath also thereby (as much as in him the said John Almon lay) attempted to bring the said present House of Commons into the utmost contempt, hatred, scorn, and dislike, and by that means to weaken and diminish the public credit and authority of that House, to the great scandal and dishonour of our said lord the king and of his administration of the government of this kingdom. And also to the great scandal and dishonour of the said House of Commons. In contempt of our said lord the king and his laws. To the great disturbance of the public peace and tranquillity of this kingdom. To the evil and pernicious example of all others in the like case offending. And also against the peace of our said lord the king his crown and dignity. Whereupon the said Attorney General of our said lord the king who for our said lord the king in this behalf prosecuteth for our said lord the king, prayeth the consideration of the court here in the premises, and that due process of law may be awarded against him the said John Almon in this behalf, to make him answer to |