of all the bloody maffacres occafioned by these disputes and therefore it may, with the utmost propriety, be faid, that "the "rivers were turned into blood." The present American war feems of a fimilar

nature.

CHAP.

CHA P. V.

From the Norman Conqueft to the Death of Richard III. including 419 Years.

A D. 1066, William, Duke of Nor

mandy conquered the Saxons and

Danes, who were so mixed together as to make one nation, in England.

William I. who was furnamed the Conqueror, had nine hundred fail of veffels at St. Valery. He landed in Suffex on the eighth of September, 1066: before his army fought, they confeffed their fins; but the English were finging and drinking all night. The next day, October 14, they had an obftinate battle in Suffex, in which king Harold was killed by an arrow, when Duke William conquered England, though he had three horfes killed under him. He was crowned on Christmas-Day, in Westminfter-Abbey, by Aldred, Archbishop of

York,

York, having first taken an oath at the altar, in presence of all the people, to defend the church, well to govern the people, to maintain justice according to law, and to prohibit rapine and unjuft judgment. He fet up a number of Norman Schools, built several castles, ordered fire and candle to be put out every night at eight o'clock, exacted a Land-Tax of fix fhillings for every hundred acres of land, and made the New-Foreft in Hampshire.

Malcolm, King of Scots, did homage to William for what he held in England: and Griffith the last king of Wales did homage to him for Wales.

He was fuccceded by his third fon, William II. furnamed Rufus, who was crowned at Westminster, September 26, 1087, by Lanfrank, Archbishop of Canterbury. He banished Anfelm from the fee of Canterbury, for his firm adherence to the Pope. G

He

He was killed by an arrow, levelled at a deer by Sir Walter Tyrrel, in the NewForeft, was buried at Winchester, and was fucceeded by his brother, Henry I. A. D. 1100, he was a good king. He married Maud, daughter to the king of Scots, by Margeret, fifter to Edgar Atheling. His daughter's fon, Henry II. fucceeded King Stephen in the year 1154, by which the Norman and Saxon blood came to be united.

Henry II. made Thomas Becket, Archbi fhop of Canterbury: afterwards he (the Archbishop) ftiffly maintained the Pope's ufurped power * against the rights of the

The Popes began at a very early period to establish their power, and they continued their incroachments on Chrif"tian liberty, till the whole fyftem of ignorance and myste

ry of iniquity was formed. Now the laft act of the Popes "was that of establishing the celibacy of the Clergy, which "took place in its full force about the year 1109, to which

add 1260 (Rev xii. 6.) which makes 2369, when Popėre ry will be destroyed. This however is no more then a mo"deft conjecture,"

crown; therefore King Henry called an affembly of bishops at Westminster, wherein he offered fix articles in defence of the prerogative against Papal encroachments. Some courtiers, without the king's knowledge murdered the Archbishop in the Cathedral of Canterbury, as he flood before the altar on Christmas-Day, A. D. 1179.

This bishop was afterwards lifted in the catalogue of faints and martyrs of the Church of Rome. His fhrine was enriched fo much with gold and precious stones, as to fill two chests, each requiring eight strong men to carry it out of the Church, when it was defaced by Henry VIII,

Henry II, was fucceeded by his third fon, Richard I. a bold warrior, but he engaged in the Crusades, and in his return from Paleftine was taken and kept prifoner two years by the Emperor of Auftria,

After