Culture and History: Occasional Notes on the Process of Philippine Becoming

17th century already American appearance Asia Asian beatas beaterio became become began beginning brought Cabaruan called century challenge Child Chinese Christian church civilization colonial coming continued created cult culture developed effect effort established event example existed expression fact Faith Filipino fish followed force foreign friars geography Guardia hand Honor idea identity Islam islands it's known land later learned less lived look Manila masses mean merely Moro Mother mountains move movement Muslim mystical native never organization original ourselves pagan Pampliega peasants period Philippine political produced proved provinces question reason religion religious Republic rice Santo Niņo seems sense society Spain Spanish spirit Tagalog things town trade tribes true turned West women young