globe in a proper direction with re gard to the cardinal points, north, south, east, and west.

Tutor. That is called a compass, the needle of which being rubbed by the natural or real magnet, becomes possessed of the same properties as those which belong to the magnet itself.

Charles. Can any iron and steel be made magnetic ?

Tutor. They may; but steel is the most proper for the purpose. Bars of iron thus prepared are called artificial magnets.

James. Will these soon lose the properties thus obtained?

Tutor. Artificial magnets will retain their properties almost any length of time, and since they may be ren

dered more powerful than natural ones, and can be made of any form, they are generally used, so that the

natural magnet is kept as a curiosity.

Charles. What are the leading properties of the magnet?

Tutor. (1) A magnet attracts iron. (2.) When placed so as to be at liberty to move in any direction, its north end points to the north pole, and its south end to the south pole this is called the polarity of the magnet. (3.) When the north pole of one magnet is presented to the south pole of another, they will attract one another. But if the two south, or the two north poles, are presented to each other, they will repel, (4.) When a magnet is so situated

as t be at liberty to move any way, the two poles of it do not lie in an horiontal direction, it inclines one of it poles towards the horizon, and, of ourse, elevates the other pole above it; this is called the inclination or dipping of the magnet. (5.) Ary magnt may be made to impart its propertes to iron and steel.

TUTOR. Having mentioned he several properties of the nagnet or loadstone, I intend, at thi time, to enter more particularly ino the jature of magnetic attraction and repulsion. Here is a thin iron ir, eight or nine inches long rended magnetic, and on that acount is now called an artificial nagne I bring a small piece of iron with a little distance of one of the poll of

the magnet, and you see it is attracted or drawn to it.

Charles. Will not the same effect be produced, if the iron be presented to any other part of the magnet?

Tutor. The attraction is strongest at the poles, and it grows less and less in proportion to the distance of any part from the poles, so that in the middle, between the poles, there is no attraction, as you shall see by means of this large needle.

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James When you held the needle near the pole of the magnet, the magnet moved to that, which looks as if the needle attracted the mag

net.

Tutor. You are right the attraction is mutual, as is evident from the following experiment. I place this small magnet on a piece of cork,