Women's Political Participation and Representation in Asia: Obstacles and ChallengesKazuki Iwanaga The ability of a small elite of highly educated, upper-class Asian women to obtain the highest political positions in their country is unmatched elsewhere in the world and deserves study. But there is a marked lack of relevant research as well as of comprehensive and user-friendly texts. Aiming to fill the gap is this timely and important study of the various obstacles and opportunities for women's political participation and representation in Asia. |
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12th Congress Asian Bangladesh Benazir Bhutto campaign Chandrika Kumaratunga Congress context decision-making democracy democratic district magnitude economic electoral system elite empowerment experience factors female candidates female lawmakers female legislators female political gender equality Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo House of Representatives impact increase Inglehart Inter-Parliamentary Union issues Japan Legislative Yuan legislature Lower House Mahbub ul Haq major male National Assembly nomination Nordic countries Norris number of women Online resource Pakistan parliamentary participation in politics party list Philippines Phnom Penh political leadership political parties positions proportion of women proportional representation public office representation of women role Senate single-member social society Sonia Gandhi South Asia Sri Lanka standpoint theory Taiwan Thai Thailand traditional village committee vote voters woman women candidates women elected women in politics women legislators women politicians women’s participation women’s political women’s political participation women’s political representation women’s representation