however his temporal interests might have been promoted, his spiritual interests would probably have sustained a proportionate loss. After this repulse, Henry returned home, and continued to attend Dr. Cardew's School till June 1797. In the spring of this year he directed his views towards the University of Cambridge, his residence being at St. John's College, where his name had been previously entered in the month of October 1797. Here his time was so well employed that at the second public examination in the summer, he reached the second station in the first class, a point of elevation which flattered his pride not a little. The tenor of Henry Martyn's life, during this and the succeeding year which he passed at College, was to the eye of all who knew, amiable and commendable in the highest degree. He was outwardly moral, and by unwearied application, exhibited marks of no ordinary conduct; but he seemed to have been totally ignorant of spiritual things, and to have lived without God in the world. However it pleased God to convince him by a most affecting visitation of his Providence, that there was a knowledge far more important to him than any human science. The sudden and heart rending intelligence of the death of his father was the proximating cause. It was not long after Henry had been called to endure this gracious, though grievous, chastening from above, that the public exercises commenced in the University. From this time to that of proposing himself for admission to a Fellowship in his College, Mr. Martyn's engagements consisted chiefly in instructing some pupils and preparing himself for the examination, which was to take place previous to the election in the month of March 1802, when he was chosen fellow of St. John's, soon after which he was admitted a Bachelor of Arts. Having thus added another honor to those for which he was distinguished, Mr. Martyn departed from Cambridge on a visit to his relations in Cornwall. In the beginning of October 1802, all those tranquil and domestic joys were exchanged for the severe engagements of the University, and the conclusion of this year constituted a memorable era in Martyn's life. We have already seen him become the servant of Christ, dedicating himself to the ministry of the Gospel, and we now behold him in a higher character, that of a Christian Missionary. The immediate cause of his determination to undertake this office was a remark on the benefit which had resulted from the services of Dr. Carey amongst the heathen of British India; accordingly, when he left England, he left it wholly for Christ's sake, and he left it forever. On the 7th of January, the East Indiaman which was to convey Mr. Martyn to Calcutta, sailed from Portsmouth and arrived at Calcutta on the 14th of May 1806. Mr. M. was received by the Rev. David Brown, at his residence at Aldeen, near Calcutta. Here he applied himself most ardently to the acquisition of Hindostanee, availing himself of the assistance of a Cashmerian Brahmin, whom he wearied with his unbending assiduity. He was also constant in preaching the Gospel to his countrymen, both in the Mission Church and the new Church in Calcutta. On the 13th September Mr. Martyn received his appointment to Dinapore, where he arrived on the 26th November. Here he commenced his ministry and continued until 1809, when he received the intelligence of his mother's death. He removed from Dinapore to Cawnpore; here also he received the news of the demise of his sister, who had been so instrumental in his conversion to the Lord. During Mr. Martyn's residence at Cawnpore he continued to minister assiduously in the early part of the year 1810, to the temporal and spiritual wants of the poor, who statedly assembled before his house; nor did he cease to do so whilst his health permitted. In the midst of these exertions, a painful attack in the chest of a severer kind than he had ever before experienced, forced upon Mr. Martyn's mind the unwelcome conviction of the necessity of some quietness and remission from labor. Such was the sinking state of his health, notwithstanding the seasonable and important assistance derived from the presence of Corrie, that a removal from Cawnpore, either to make a trial of the effect of a sea voyage, or a return, for a short time, to England, became a matter of urgent necessity. The adoption of the latter expedient he had once determined upon, but again conceiving that a bracing air would be beneficial, Mr. Martyn departed from Cawnpore on the 1st October, for Mr. Brown's residence at Aldeen, which he safely reached on the evening of the last day of the month, restored after an absence of 4 years to an intercourse with his friends, (who on beholding his pallid countenance and enfeebled frame, knew not whether to mourn most or to rejoice.) Though still exceedingly infirm, he yet, with one exception, preached every sabbath at Calcutta, until he finally left it. On the 7th January, after having preached a sermon on the Anniversary of the Calcutta Bible Society, addressed the inhabitants of Calcutta, from that text of Scripture-"That one thing is needful," Mr. Martyn departed forever from those shores where he had fondly and fully purposed to spend all his days. He took his passage in the ship "Ahmoody," Capt. Kinsey, bound to Bombay, from which place he embarked on the "Benares," Captain Sealy, for Bushire, where he commenced travelling by land to Shiraz. On the evening of the 24th May, one year after entering where his time was spent, preaching and arguing with the different sects on the coasts of Persia, Mr. Martyn left Shiraz with the intention to lay before the King his translation of the New Testament; but finding that, without a letter of introduction from the British Ambassador, he could not be admitted into the royal presence, he determined to proceed to Tehran, where, at that time, Sir Gore Ouseley, his Britannic Majesty's Minister, was residing. While on his way thither his fever and ague increased with unremitting severity, but Sir Gore Ouseley, together with his lady, paid him the most constant attention. On account of the general state of his health, he determined to return to England by land, and accordingly he set his face towards it. journey was the most painful. The miseries he endured were intense, and it ended in his entrance into heaven. His On the 2nd September, Mr. Martyn set out on his long journey of one thousand three hundred miles, and on the 5th October reached Tocat, at a moment when the inhabitants of that place were flying from the town because of the plague which was raging there. On the following day, "no horses discriminates between the sound and the fallacious; whilst, on the other, he could devote himself with the most exemplary diligence, and without any sensation of fatigue or disgust, to the dullest accumulation of uninteresting details. The records of the Supreme Government contain more than one acknowledgment of the admirable manner in which the duties of this office were performed by Mr. Adam. Upon Mr. Edmonstone's promotion to a seat in the Supreme Council in October 1812, Mr. Adam succeeded him in the more responsible and higher office of Secretary to Government in the Secret, Foreign and Political Departments, and it was in this situation that Lord Hastings found him on his arrival in India in the following year. In this situation it became the duty of Mr. Adam to point out to the new Governor-General the political objects most deserving of his attention; to ascertain his views, and assist in their development, besides that of finally becoming the organ for communicating them to others. Mr. Adam, accompanied the Governor General, as Secretary, throughout the operations now about to commence, and, so far as his voice had weight, influenced the resolution finally taken by his Lordship, to adopt, upon his sole responsibility, an extensive plan for establishing British supremacy over the whole of India. Mr. Adam was the sole depository of his Lordship's views, and exclusively enjoyed his confidence; so much so, that the instructions for the movement of every corps, sometimes extending even to the details of its formation and equipment, issued entirely under his signature. The labour and anxieties of that period can be known only to those who witnessed Mr. Adam under the discharge of his accumulated duties; late in the night, when all were at rest, the lamp was constantly burning in his tent, while kasids and estafettas were waiting to carry forth his expresses ; again, though the march was always made before daybreak in the morning, he was nevertheless beforehand, and at the desk with his candles, to snatch a few minutes for some urgent business ere the drum should beat the final order for a move. It is to be observed that, in addition to the functions of the Political and Secret Departments, Mr. Adam filled the situation of Private Secretary to the Governor-General; so that he had another branch of duty to perform, in its nature urgent and distinct from that which mainly occupied his thoughts; but consisting of confidential correspondence, regarding the distribution of patronage, or of communications with the principal functionaries at the Presidency, and therefore not admitting of transfer or delegation to other hands. The strongest frame of body must have yielded to the fatigue and anxiety of such accumulated labours, continued, as they were, for so long a period without intermission, Mr. Adam's constitution was originally extremely good; a long career, however, of sedentary and incessant occupation in the climate of India had already so far weakened it as to have rendered a voyage to the Cape indispensible a few years before. His frame, therefore, was not proof against the effect of such unremitting cares as were now heaped upon him, and the seeds were unfortunately sown, during the campaign, of the disease which ultimately carried him off, and deprived the world of his virtues and useful talents when they had scarcely ripened to full maturity. But we have not yet done with the recapitulation of Mr. Adam's claims to the lasting gratitude of the country, to the service of which indeed, his life was devoted. Though the remainder of his days were short, and passed in sickness, the period was yet eventful, and crowded with actions for which his name will be long remembered and cherished with affection. In April 1817, the Court of Directors, in acknowledgment of Mr. Adam's prior services, had nominated him provisional Member of Council, and the departure of Mr. C. Ricketts for England enabled him to take his seat, very soon after the return of the Governor-General to the Presidency upon the conclusion of the Mahratta and Pindarry war, viz. on the 9th of January 1819. As a Member of Council, Mr. Adam's character was conspicuous for solid sense, and for the close discriminating judgment he had ever at command for all questions. On the 13th of January 1823, Mr. Adam took charge of the Supreme Government. Elevated thus temporarily, and almost by accident, to the highest station; placed in a situation of vast power, and conscious of possessing the talent to wield it beneficially, he determined to do all the good he could; unwilling that the period of his sway should be marked as a mere interregnum, distinguished only for the absence of energetic measures, a pure blank space, as it were, between two administrations; nor did he think it either generous or consistant with the line of public duty, to shift off upon his successors the odium, risk, and responsibility of executing what his own judgment pronounced to be right. There was no branch of public policy to which Mr. Adam attached more importance than the education of the people; his attention was sedulously directed to the important subject of public instruction, in furtherance of which object public aid had been afforded to those useful and laudable institutions, the School Book Society, the Calcutta School Society, and the Hindoo College, founded in 1817. Besides thus extending the support and countenance of Government to Institutions directed to the moral improvement of the country, Mr. Adam took the same occasion for setting apart a fund for public works, tending to the increase of the people's comfort and convenience. For this purpose, the town duties collected at the principal cities and stations presented themselves as in every respect the most appropriate resource; the total amount being such as Government could sacrifice without inconvenience, while the distribution was ready made, in the proportion levied from the population of each place. This however is not all. The administration of civil justice, which is the first duty of a regular Government; indeed, the condition by which it acquires the title, was very inadequately provided for, from the insufficiency of the existing European Establishments. The above are some of the most prominent measures of Mr. Adam's short administration of seven months. But matters were not yet brought to the issue to call for the practical application of these principles, when Lord Amherst arrived and assumed the Government. Mr. Adam was obliged, by the growing strength of the disease (a dysentery) which had been preying on his constitution for several years, to proceed to sea for his recovery; he thus had no part in the subsequent measures of the Government. He remained at this Presidency until the middle of September, for the purpose of introducing his successor, Lord Amherst, to a knowledge of the affairs requiring his most immediate care. His public life may be fairly stated to have closed with his government on the 1st of August 1823, for what remains to be told is only the melancholy tale of an increasing infirmity, for which he in vain sought relief-first in a voyage, by sea, to Bombay; then in a land journey through Central India, during the bracing months of January and February; and, finally, in a residence, for the hot season, in the mountains conquered from the Nipaulese. All was however, fruitless: the disease was too firmly rooted in his constitution to yield to change of air, relaxation, or any other remedy that could be applied in India. Returning at the close of the ensuing rains, a consultation of medical men was held at Gazeepoor, on the Ganges, who gave it as their decided opinion that there was no hope but in a voyage to Europe. Mr. A. then came down to Calcutta for the purpose of embarking, in a state of weakness that prevented his again taking his seat at the Council table, or even admitting the visits of his most intimate and dearest friends. A passage was engaged for him in the Albion,' Captain Swainson, which finally sailed for Liverpool on the 16th April 1825; but the hand of death was upon him, and he did not live to revisit the land of his fathers, or to gladden the hearts of his family who doted on him with an affection unknown to those who have not a son or brother who has wrought for himself the same high claims to love and veneration. Mr. Adam died off Madagascar on the 4th June, and when the vessel arrived without him, many, indeed, were the hearts in which a mournful blank was left by the intelligence. Public tokens of the high esteem and respect in which his character was held, and of the regret universally felt at the loss, have not been wanting to grace his memory, but this can afford little consolation to the many who enjoyed his friendship and who were attached to him by ties they can never transfer to another; while to his family, whose affection had been for years feeding in absence on the report of his fame and virtues, and a fondly-cherished hope that he would be restored to their embraces and society in the maturity of his years and honors-all these additional testimonies of his value were but aggravations of the affliction with which that hope was to be abandoned for ever. In every relation of life Mr. Adam was amiable in a very rare degree; and this was acknowledged, not only by those who, participating in his society and counsels, felt the influence of his character in the warmth of their own feelings; but by those also who saw him at a greater distance, and were even opposed to him in political sentiment. A most gratifying proof of this was afforded on the occasion of his relinquishing the Government, and preparing for the voyage to Bombay, from which he then expected a partial, if not entire restoration to health. A full-length portrait of Mr. Adam is placed in the Town Hall; the picture has been well executed by G. Chinnery, and is indeed a faithful memorial of features, which cannot be looked upon without reverence and affection; for they carry in them the aspect of virtue united to high talent, and blended with a mild unassuming dignity of deportment, such as cannot fail to rivet the attention of a stranger even to Mr. Adam's fame and merit. Mr. Adam's public character has been best described by the relation of the principal circumstances of his public life, the attachment of his friends-of whom to the last day of his existence, the number was constantly increasing, without the loss of a single one of those previously gained, is the best test of his private virtues. There never was an individual in whom the qualities which form an estimable, useful, and distinguished man in public life, were more happily blended with those which engage the affections of mankind in private intercourse; frank, sincere and open-hearted, his manners had a bewitching simplicity that banished restraint, and won their way to immediate esteem and confidence. He was blessed also with a cheerfulness of disposition and suavity of temper, which nothing could ruffle or interrupt: and, to crown the whole, his temperament was so truly social and his heart so thoroughly kind, and he returned the affections of others with so ready a warmth, that all who approached him found their early regard kindle rapidly into a sincere and lasting friendship. His charities were most extensive, and the real benevolence displayed, as well in the manner, as in the liberality with which his assistance was afforded, might furnish a copious theme of eulogy; for many are the traits of this description with which every one who has lived with him in India must be familiar. With such a disposition, it cannot be wondered at that his fortune, on leaving the country, should have been so small as barely to yield him a competency, though personally a man of no expensive habits and without family. Such, however, was the case, notwithstanding the very splendid career of service he had run; but Mr. Adam's reward is in the reputation he has left behind him, and in the sentiment of gratitude and admiration with which his name will ever be inseparably linked. To the memory of John Adam, eldest son of The Right Honorable William Adam, And passed through the highest offices in the Civil Service of the East India Company. to that station when the usual term of holding it had expired. but he died on the 4th June, in the 47th year of his age, and his remains were committed to the ocean. His indefatigable zeal, and exemplary integrity; the firmness of his conduct; his elevated views, and the wisdom of his measures; have been recorded by the Supreme Council of Bengal, and by those who preside over the affairs of India, in England. The modesty of his demeanor, his cultivated and intelligent conversation, the kindness of his nature and active benevolence will long be cherished in the hearts of those who dedicate this marble to his virtues. Next to which are the following Inscriptions :- raised by the hand of an affectionate uncle, bears record of the high talents and many virtues of his nephew, Lieut.-Colonel John Weston, of the Bengal Military Establishment. He died deservedly lamented in the prime of life, on his voyage from Prince of Wales' Island to Calcutta, Anno Domini MDCCCXIX, To the memory of Andrew Stirling, second son of Admiral Stirling, of Woburn farm, in the County of Surry, and Deputy Secretary in the Secret and Political Department. His private virtues will be cherished by a numerous circle of acquaintance to the memory of a much beloved and much lamented son. (The following is an extract from one of the periodicals of the day, respecting the character and high attainments of the late Mr. Stirling.) "Distinguished as Mr. Stirling was by talents and acquirements of rare excellence; possessing as he did in an especial degree, the qualities that fit for the most arduous duties of public life; and marked as his career had been by an eminently beneficial and successful application of his powers to some of the most important and difficult exigencies of the public service, there is little doubt that, had it pleased Providence to prolong his life, he would eventually have attained still higher offices and honours than those which he held, with equal credit to himself, and advantage to the Government he so zealously and ably served. Familiar at once with the general principles that regulate Political affairs, and with the varied and intricate circumstances in this country to be weighed in the adjustment of Diplomatic relations; he was at the same time thoroughly master of all the peculiar and conventional forms of Oriental regulation and intercourse; and he added to these a patience, a temper, a tact, and peculiarly engaging urbanity of manner, which gave them the most successful effect. Nor was his usefulness confined to the department to which he more immediately belonged. In all branches of the Civil administration of the country, he had frequently had the opportunity of affording the Government and his colleagues the benefit of extensive knowledge, and of sound and comprehensive views. Mr. Stirling, (like most minds of a superior order) by an assiduous economy of time, satisfied the claims of business and routine, and found leisure to bestow time on the cultivation of general science, and elegant literature. Were it possible, in such a hasty notice as this, we could shew that, for the former particularly, he had a deep but an unostentatious enthusiasm. The death of such men in the prime of life must be severely felt, especially by that circle of which they were the ornaments. Of Mr. Stirling's private virtues, however, it is not our purpose to speak in this place. They live in the cherished recollection of many among us who loved him for his worth, and admired him for his talents and acquirements. To the Junior members of the distinguished service to which he belonged, he has left the benefit of an example they would do well to imitate,-of conduct based upon the highest principles; of a life of uniform, and great utility; of unsullied rectitude; dignified application and honorable fame." He expired on the evening of the 23d May 1830, after ten days illness. His remains were placed in a leaden coffin and followed to the grave by a large concourse of mourning friends, European and Native; amongst the latter were observed almost the whole of the distinguished Native Princes, Nabobs, Rajahs and others. (The following is taken from a large handsome Marble Monument, surmounted with Military arms and trophies, near the N. W. Staircase of St. John's Church :-) This Cenotaph was erected by the Neemutch Field Force, in honor of their commander, Lieut.-Colonel John Ludlow, C. B. This distinguished officer entered the Bengal Army on the 16th February 1795, a generous enthusiasm and unabating zeal, which shed a lustre on the profession to which he belonged. By his heroic intrepidity in the arduous contest between the British troops and those of the Rajah of Napal, in the years 1814 and 1815, His life fell a sacrifice to the energy of his spirit which led him into the field at the head of his division, whilst suffering under a painful and dangerous illness, under which he sunk, in Camp, at Barode, on the 22nd of September 1829, in the 44th year of his age. Just and inflexibly firm, yet temperate and mild in the exercise of his authority, and who, whilst they unfeignedly mourn his loss, warmly cherish his remembrance. Next to the above is the following Tablet : Sacred to the memory of Walter Nisbet, Esq. of the Bengal Civil Service; who, though dead, still liveth in the recollection of his sorrowing relations, and of those numerous friends, whose attachment he conciliated, during twenty-three years' residence in Calcutta. Obiit. October 11 Anno Dom. 1833, Etat Suæ 43. "Thanks be to God who giveth us the victory through Jesus Christ." as a joint tribute of their grateful affection, and in testimony of his acknowledged worth. On the left of the Western entrance: Sacred to the memory of Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Hawtrey, commanding the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry, died 7th of July 1833, aged 49 years. This Tablet is placed in St. John's Church as a mark of respect and esteem by the officers of his Corps. (The following Monuments of white marble are to be seen on the Southern wing of St. John's Church.) In memory of George Cruttenden, late Major in the Honorable E. I. Company's Bengal Army, whose long term of Military Service, fulfilled with every mark of good desert, was followed by an active part in civil life, pursued with equal talent and integrity. His Christian temper, and sound principles, his love for others, and his friendly dispositions, took their first course in the nearest circles of attachment, but they knew no limit; This Monument, raised with emulous affection speaks for many. He died at Macao on the 23d of March 1822, Aged 54. By time's sure test in varied stations schooled, O, keep the record, keep it, friendly stone! Nor yield it, but to register above; Till heaven's high Lord shall gather for his own The kind and true, the stewards of his love. Tell, faithful stone, for many a circling year, True to thy trust his worth and kindness tell: Bid those who tread these courts, and linger here, Bid them respect a name sustained so well. Sacred to the Memory of Son of the late Richard Barwell, Esquire, of Transtead Park, Sussex. The best qualities of head and heart combined alike to distinguish his public and private life. Sub-Treasurer of this Presidency for 16 years, he discharged the duties of that responsible office with firmness, rectitude, and ability, equal to every emergency, whilst his modest unaffected worth conciliated the love and respect of all who knew him. "Rich in good works" and patiently resigned to the Divine will, He expired after a long and painful illness, on the 16th of April 1833, aged 49 years. (The following is from a beautiful white Marble Tablet placed in the South Gallery of St. John's Church :-) Consecrated to the Memory of Senior Captain of the 19th Regiment Bengal Infantry, who in the assaults of the fortified heights of Malown, on the 15th of April 1815, led one of the principal columns to a separate attack, in the most gallant style, And gloriously fell at its head just when in personal conflict he had with his own hand slain the chief of the enemy. In the various duties of life, as a man, soldier, and a Christian, the eminent qualities of the amiable and lamented Showers conspicuously shone. The prominent features of his character were benevolence, zeal and piety, erected in affectionate remembrance of their valued and regretted comrade. Ætat 35. (On the North Gallery, is the following Inscription :-) Captain R. A. McNaghten, late of the 61st Regiment Bengal Native Infantry, who departed this life 18th May 1845, aged 49 years. This tablet is erected by the officers of the Regiment as a slight tribute to departed worth. |