STAMP, v. a., v. n., & n. s. Į Belg. stampen; STAMP'ER, n. s. Dan. stamper ; Goth, and Swed. stampe. To strike by pressing the foot hastily downwards; strike with the foot; pound; impress; fix a mark by pressure; mint; form; coin; give a character to: as a verb neuter to strike the foot downwards: a stamp is an instrument for stamping; the thing marked or stamped; the impression or mark made; make; form; cast; currency: a stamper is a pounding instrument.

I took the calf you had made, burnt it with fire, and stamped and ground it very small. Deut. ix. 21. The men shall howl at the noise of the stamping of the hoofs of his strong horses.

Jer. xlvii. 3.

A ramping fool, to brag, to stamp, and swear,
Upon my party! Thou cold-blooded slave,
Hast thou not spoke like thunder on my side? Id.
If speaking truth

In this fine age were not thought flattery,
Such attribution should this Douglas have
As not a soldier of this season's stamp
Should go so general current through the world. Id.

Some apothecaries, upon stamping of coloquintida, have been put into a great scouring by the vapour only.

But to the pure refined ore
The stamp of kings imparts no more
Worth, than the metal held before.

Bacon.

Carew.

From the stamping mill it passeth through the crazing-mill; but of late times they mostly use wet

stampers.

Id.

These prodigious conceits in nature spring out of framing abstracted conceptions, instead of those easy and primary notions which nature stamps in all men of common sense. Digby.

Of the same stamp is that which is obtruded upon us, that an adamant suspends the attraction of the loadstone. "Browne's Vulgar Errours. Some other nymphs, with colours faint And pencil slow, may Cupid paint, And a weak heart in time destroy : She has a stamp, and prints the boy.

Waller.

No constant reason of this can be given, but from the nature of man's mind, which hath this notion of a deity born with it, and stampt upon it; or is of such a frame that in the free use of itself it will find

out God.

If Arcite thus deplore

Tillotson.

If two pennyweight of silver, marked with a certain impression, shall here in England be equivalent to three-pennyweight marked with another impression,

they will not fail to stamp pieces of that fashion, and quickly carry away your silver.

Id.

Where reason or scripture is expressed for any but it is not the strength of our own persuasions opinion, we may receive it as of divine authority; which can give it that stamp.

Id.

There needs no positive law or sanction of God to stamp an obliquity upon such a disobedience. South. The persons here reflected upon are of such a peculiar stamp of impiety that they seem formed into a kind of diabolical society for the finding out new experiments in vice.

What titles had they had, if nature had not
trove hard to thrust the worst deserving first,
And stamped the noble mark of eldership
Upon their baser metal?

Id.

Rowe's Ambitious Stepmother. There is such an echo among the old ruins and vaults, that, if you stamp but a little louder than ordinary, you hear the sound repeated.

Addison.

At Venice they put out very curious stamps of the several edifices which are most famous for their beauty and magnificence. Id. on Italy.

Let a friend to the government relate to him a matter of fact, he gives him the lye in every look; but, if one of his own stamp should tell him that the king of Sweden would be suddenly at Perth, he hugs himself at the good news. Addison.

Here swells the shelf with Ogilby the great; There, stamped with arms, Newcastle shines complete. Pope.

They got to the top, which was flat and even, and, stamping upon it, they found it was hollow. Swift. Indeed the paper stamp

Did very much his genius cramp;
And, since he could not spend his fire,
He now intended to retire.

STAMP-DUTIES, in English law, are a branch of the perpetual revenue of this kingdom. They are a tax imposed upon all parchment and paper whereon any legal proceedings, or private instruments of almost any nature whatever are written: and also upon licenses for retailing wines, letting horses to hire, and numerous other purposes. And upon all almanacs, newspapers, advertisements, cards, dice, and pamphlets containing less than six sheets of paper. These imposts are very various, according to the nature of the thing stamped or taxed, rising gradually from one penny to ten pounds; and, indeed, in many cases, as legacies, administrations, conveyances, &c., to an amount proportioned to the property conveyed. The first institution of the Stampduties was by stat. 5 and 6 W. & M. c. 21; and they have since been increased to an amount which nothing but the absolute necessity of their being imposed could prevent us from styling enormous. These duties are managed by commissioners appointed for the purpose. They now extend to such an astonishing variety of articles, and de

pend on such a multiplicity of statutes, which are continually varying (by increasing) the amount, that no table or compendium which could be framed, would probably be of any service to the reader after one session of parliament; nor would it be consistent with the general nature of a work like the present to enter into any further elucidation of the subject. STANCH, v. a., v. n., & adj. Fr. estancher; STANCH LESS, adj. Ital. stagnare. To stop blood; hinder from running to stop: as an adjective firm; sound; trusty: stanchless is, not to be stopped.

A woman touched the hem of his garment and immediately her issue stanched. Luke viii. 44.

If I knew

What hoop would hold us stanch from edge to edge O' th' world, I would pursue it.

Shakspeare. Antony and Cleopatra.
There grows,.

In my most ill-composed affection, such
A stanchless avarice, that, were I king,
I should cut off the nobles for their lands.

maw.

Id. Macbeth.

Iron or a stone, laid to the neck, doth stanch the bleeding of the nose. Bacon's Natural History. She unto Scythia sent, for hunger him to gnaw, And thrust her down his throat, into his stanchless Drayton. Leeches, inwardly taken, fasten upon the veins, and occasion an effusion of blood, which cannot be easily stanched. Browne's Vulgar Errours. What we endeavoured in vain may be performed by some virtuoso that shall have stancher vessels, and more sunny days. Boyle.

He fought to hinder fighting, and assayed To stanch the blood by breathing of the vein.

Dryden.

You will lose their love; this is to be kept stanch, and carefully watched. Locke.

The standing absurdity, without the belief of which no man is reckoned a stanch churchman, is, that there is a calf's-head club.

In politicks, I hear, you're stanch, Directly bent against the French.

Adaison.

Prior.

They mean to convince, not the grovelling herd, or giddy populace, but the grave and stanch men, men of sobriety and firmness.

Waterland.

Each stanch polemick stubborn as a rock, Each fierce logician still expelling Locke, Came whip and spur.

Pope.

STANCHIONS are small pillars of wood or iron, used for various purposes in a ship; as to support the decks, the quarter-rails, the nettings, the awnings, &c. The first of these are two ranges of small columns fixed under the beams, throughout the ship's length between decks; one range being on the starboard and the other on the larboard side of the hatchways. They are chiefly intended to support the weight of the artillery.

STAND, v. n., v. a., & n. s. ) Sax. rtandan STANDER, n. s. Goth. and Swed. standa; Teut. standen. To be on the feet; be erect; stop; stay; halt: hence to support; persist; hold good; remain in force or consistent; abide by taking by, for, off, out, to, under, up, upon, &c., as prepositions, whose use is exemplified below: to stand, as a verb active, is to endure; resist without flinching; await; abide: as a noun substantive, a station; post; stop; difficulty; perplexity; mark; acme; support: a

stander is one who stands; a tree that has long stood: a stander-by is one present; a mere spectator.

I stood between the Lord and you, to shew you the Lord's word. Deut. v. 5.

The king granted the Jews to gather themselves Esth. viii. 11. together, and stand for their life. My mercy will I keep for him, and my covenant Psalm 1xxxiv. 28. shall stand fast with him.

Stand in awe and sin not; commune with your own heart upon your bed, and be still. Id. iv. 4. Their eyes stand out with fatness. Id. lxxiii. 7. He turned the wilderness into a standing water. Id. cvii. I will punisa you, that ye may know that my words shall surely stand against you for evil. Jer. xliv. 29. When the accusers stood up, they brought none accusation of such things as I supposed. Acts xxv. 18. If meat make my brother offend, I will eat no flesh while the world standeth. 1 Cor. viii. 13. Watch ye, stand fast in the faith, quit you like men, be strong. Id. xvi. 13. Put on the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil.

Eph. vi. 11. That could not make him that did the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience, which stood only in meats and drinks. Heb. ix. 10.

The young spring was pitifully nipt and overtrodden by very beasts; and also the fairest standers of all were rooted up and cast into the fire.

Ascham's Schoolmaster. God was not ignorant that the judges, whose sentence in matters of controversy he ordained should stand, oftentimes would be deceived. Hooker.

The cause must be presumed as good on our part as on theirs, till it be decided who have stood for the truth, and who for error. Id.

His faithful people, whatsoever they rightly ask, the same shall they receive, so far as may stand with the glory of God and their own everlasting good; unto either of which it is no virtuous man's purpose to seek any thing prejudicial.

Id.

Explain some statute of the land to the standers by.

Id.

Does it not stand me now upon? Id. Hamlet. A rascally, yea-forsooth knave, to bear a gentleman in hand, and then stand upon security. Shakspeare. None durst stand him;

Here, there, and every where, enraged he flew. Id.
I have found you out a stand most fit,
He shall not pass you.
Where you may have such 'vantage on the duke,
Id. Measure for Measure.

We are come off
Like Romans; neither foolish in our stands,
Nor cowardly in retire.
Shakspeare.
The leaders, having charge from you to stand;
Will not go off until they hear you speak. Id.

Seeing how lothly opposite I stood
To his unnatural purpose, in fell motion

With his prepared sword he charges home My unprovided body. Id. King Lear. From enemies heaven keep your majesty; And, when they stand against you, may they fall. Shakspeare.

A thing within my bosom tells me, That no conditions of our peace can stund. Id. Henry VI.

My very enemy's dog, Though he had bit me, should have stood that night Against my fire. Id. King Lear. So it stands and this I fear at last, Hume's knavery will be the duchess' wreck. Id. Henry VI. The broil doubtful long stood,

As two spent swimmers that do cling together

His standing bed and truckle bed. The king knowing well that it stood him upon, by how much the more he had hitherto protracted the time, by so much the sooner to dispatch with the rebels. Bacon.

The greatest part of trade is driven by young merchants, upon borrowing at interest; so as, if the usurer either call in or keep back his money, there will ensue presently a great stand of trade.

Id.

This nation of Spain runs a race still of empire, when all other states of Christendom stand at a stay. Id.

Their lives and fortunes were put in safety, whether they stood to it or ran away. Id. Henry VII. Our company assembled, I said, My dear friends, let us know ourselves, and how it standeth with us. Bacon.

A philosopher disputed with Adrian the emperor, and did it but weakly: one of his friends, that stood by, said, Methinks you were not like yourself last day in argument with the emperor; I could have answered better myself. Why, said the philosopher, would you have me contend with him that commands thirty legions? Id.

It is so plain that it needeth not to be stood upon.

Id.

Taylor. Never stand in a lye when thou art accused; but ask pardon and make amends. Id. Rule of Living Holy. The standers by see clearly this event, All parties say they're sure, yet all dissent.

Denham. At the soldierly word stand, the flyers halted a little. Clarendon. The earl of Northampton followed the horse so closely that they made a stand, when he furiously charged and routed them. Id.

This excellent man, who stood not upon the advantage ground before, provoked men of all qualities.

Why stand we longer shivering under fears? Id. This made their flowing shrink

From standing lake to tripping ebb. Id.

It stands me much upon

Tenervate this objection.

Hudibras.

We are often constrained to stand alone against the strength of opinion.

Browne's Preface to Vulgar Errours. Men stand very much upon the reputation of their understandings, and of all things hate to be accounted fools; the best way to avoid this imputation is to be religious. Tillotson.

This poet's tomb stood on the other side of Naples, which looks towards Vesuvio. Id. On Italy. Readers, by whose judgment I would stand or fall, would not be such as are acquainted only with the French and Italian criticks. Id. Spectator.

He struck the snakes, and stood again New sexed, and straight recovered into man.

Addison. Each thinks he stands fairest for the great lot, and that he is possessed of the golden number. Id. Spectator.

Such a one, by pretending to distinguish himself from the herd, becomes a standing object of raillery. Addison.

When famed Varelst this little wonder drew
Flora vouchsafed the growing work to view,
Finding the painter's science at a stand,
The goddess snatched the pencil from his hand;
And, finishing the piece, she smiling said,
Behold one work of mine that ne'er shall fade.

Prior. Such behaviour frights away friendship, and makes it stand off in dislike and aversion. Collier of Friendship. Should this circulation cease, the formation of bodies would be at an end, and nature at a perfect stand. Woodward.

Although the ancients were of opinion that Egypt was formerly sea; yet this tract of land is as old, and of as long a standing, as any upon the continent of Africa. Id.

Scarce can a good-natured man refuse a compliance with the solicitations of his company, and stand out against the raillery of his familiars. Rogers.

Thus doth he advise them to erect among themselves standing courts by consent. Kettleworth, They expect to be favoured, who stand not possessed of any one of those qualifications that belonged to him. Atterbury.

Though nothing can be more honourable than an acquaintance with God, we stand off from it, and will not be tempted to embrace it. Id.

The common standing rules of the gospel are a more powerful means of conviction than any miracle. Id. Sprightly youth and close application will hardly stand together. Felton. Amongst liquids endued with this quality of relaxing, warm water stands first.

Arbuthnot on Aliments.

Some middle prices shew us in what proportion the value of their lands stood, in regard to those of our own country. Arbuthnot. The sea, since the memory of all ages, hath continued at a stand, without considerable variation.

That not for fame, but virtue's better end, He stood the furious foe, the timid friend, The damning critick.

Bentley.

Pope.

Id.

Immense the power, immense were the demand, Say, at what part of nature will they stand? Persians and Greeks like turns of nature found, And the world's victor stood subdued by sound. Id. Full for the port the Ithacensians stand, And furl their sails, and issue on the land.

Id. Odyssey. The world is inclined to stand by the Arundelian marble. Id. Essay on Homer. Great standing miracle that heaven assigned; Tis only thinking gives this turn of mind. Pope. The urchin from his private stand Took aim and shot with all his strength. Stand by when he is going.

Swift.

Td.

I wish your fortune had enabled you to have continued longer in the university, till you were of ten years standing.

ld.

The emperors standing upon the advantage he had got by the seizure of their fleet, obliged them to deliver. Gulliver's Travels.

Theology would truly enlarge the mind, were it studied with that freedom and that sacred charity which it teaches: let this therefore stand always chief. Watts. God, who sees all things intuitively, does not want these helps; he neither stands in need of logick, nor uses it.

Baker.

STAND, in commerce, a weight from two hundred-weight and a half to three hundred-weight of

pitch.

STAN'DARD, n. s. Į Fr. estandart; Swed. STAN'DARDBEARER. standa; Belg. standaert; Ital. standardo. An ensign in war, particularly the ensign of the horse. This word is originally derived from stand: hence it also signifies a test; that which is of standing or undoubted authority; a settled rate; that which has been tested; a standing stem or tree: the standard bearer is he who carries a military standard.

They shall be as when a standardbearer faintetn.

Isa. x. 18.

In France, part of their gardens is laid out for flowers, others for fruits; some standards, some against walls. Temple.

come.

Behold Camillus loaded home With standards well redeemed, and foreign foes o'erDryden. When people have brought right and wrong to a false standard, there follows an envious malevolence. L'Estrange.

That precise weight and fineness, by law appropriated to the pieces of each denomination, is called the standard. Locke.

Plant fruit of all sorts and standard, mural, or shrubs which lose their leaf. Evelyn's Kalendar. The Romans made those times the standard of their wit, when they subdued the world. Sprat. These are the standard bearers in our contending armies, the dwarfs and squires who carry the impresses of the giants or knights. Spectator.

In comely rank call every merit forth; Imprint on every act its standard worth. Prior. When I shall propose the standard whereby I give judgment, any may easily inform himself of the quantity and measure of it.

Woodward.

By the present standard of the coinage, sixty-two shillings is coined out of one pound weight of silver. Arbuthnot..

From these ancient standards I descend to our own historians. Felton.

First follow nature, and your judgment frame By her just standard, which is still the same. Pope. The English tongue, if refined to a certain standard, perhaps might be fixed for ever. Swift.

STANDARD, in commerce, the original of a weight, measure, or coin, committed to the keeping of a magistrate, or deposited in some public place, to regulate, adjust, and try the weights used by particular persons in traffic. See MONEY.

STANDARD, is used among goldsmiths synonymously with sterling; thus standard or sterling gold or silver means gold or silver of equal purity with the gold or silver coin of Great Britain.

STANDARD (from the Fr. estandart, &c., signum vexillum), in the general signification, is an ensign in war. And it is used for the standing the measures in the land are, or ought to be, measure of the king, to the scantling whereof all framed, by the clerks of markets, aulnagers, or other officers, according to Magna Charta and divers statutes. This is not without good reason called a standard, because it standeth constant and immoveable, having all measures coming towards it for their conformity; even soldiers in the field have their standard or colors, for their direction There is a standard of money, directing what in their march, &c., to repair to. Britton, c. 30. quantity of fine silver and gold, and how much allay, are to be contained in coin of old sterling, &c. And standard of plate and silver manufactures. Stat. 6 Geo. I., c. 11. See COINS, WEIGHTS, and MEASURES.

STANDARD, in war, is a sort of banner or flag, carried as a signal for joining together the several troops belonging to the same body.

The military standard is usually a piece of silk broidered the arms, device, or cypher, of the one foot and a half square, on which are emprince or colonel of a regiment. It is fixed on a lance, eight or nine feet long, and carried in the centre of the first rank of a squadron of horse, by

the cornet.