LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. VIEWS. I. Frontispiece. "The situation of the ship on the fifteenth morning." Antient ship anchored by the stern in St. Paul's Bay in a gale from E. N. E. Background, Salmonetta Island, on the left, under two seafowl, a place where two seas meet (TÓTOV diáλaooor, Acts xxvii. 41.), to which the ship must be driven. This illustration represents the situation of the ship at the moment described in verse 40., when the crew are cutting away the anchors (τὰς ἀγκύρας περιελόντες), loosing the bands of the rudders (ἀνέντες τὰς ζευκτηρίας τῶν πηδαλίων), and hoisting the artemon (ἐπάραντες τὸν ἀρτέμονα). I am indebted to the talented marine painter, Mr. Smartly of St. Heliers, for having combined artistical effect with the most rigid adherence to the authorities I furnished him with; and as it is my object in every case to put my reader in possession of the evidence upon which my conclusions are founded, I shall here enumerate them. In the first place, I showed him on the chart the situation in which the ship must have been anchored, and the direction of the wind. He has represented the sea as it must have been running at the time, certainly without exaggeration; the dark clouds indicate the coming rain; whilst a gleam of the morning sun illuminates the sail (Artemon) which the crew are hoisting, the gilded cheniscus (Xpúσeos xnvioкos), and the "Carchesium late splendens." The background is taken from a view taken upon the spot: by enlarging the background in this edition, the place where two seas meet is more fully given. The ship is taken from the following authorities. 1st. The ship of Theseus from Herculaneum, see figure at page 169. 2d. The ship on the tomb at Pompeii, figured at page 168. 3d. The African wheat ship, from a coin of Commodus, figured at page 162. 4th. The shrouds which support the mast, with the blocks for setting them up, are taken from a coin figured in Montfaucon, iv. pl. 143. 5th. The undergirding was represented from the directions of the father of the artist, the only naval officer I have met with who had actually seen a ship undergirded. For the reasons for anchoring the ship by the stern, which this view is meant to illustrate, see page 92. I have to express my thanks to Mr. Adlard, the engraver, for the pains he took to render the whole scene accurately. II. "Fair Havens, Crete." From a view taken on the spot, by Signor Antonio Schranz of Valetta. Page 81. From a view III. "St. Paul's Bay, Malta, from the South." CHARTS. 1st. General Chart, page 59. Constructed on Mercator's projection, in order to give the true bearings. To the west of longitude 24°, it is taken from the English Admiralty chart by Admiral Smyth. To the east of that longitude it is taken from the French Admiralty chart, as being the latest. 2d. "Part of the South Coast of Crete." Page 94. From the French Admiralty chart of the eastern part of the Mediterranean, from recent surveys. The dotted line, to the east of Fair Havens, marks the traverses which a ship, approaching it from the east, with a north-west wind, would have to make. From that to the point where the compass lines intersect each other, the dotted line represents the course of a ship leaving Fair Havens for the port of Phenice, with a south wind. This point must be near the place where St. Paul's ship encountered the Typhoon. From thence she was driven to Clauda, and beyond it, to about longitude 24° E.; from thence the course must have been in the direction of Malta. See page 121. 3d. "St. Paul's Bay, and west coast of Malta." By Admiral Smyth, R. N., F.R. S., page 125. WOOD-CUTS. Page 183. Figure of a Ship taken from an antient bath, in the Borghese Collection, by M. Jal, Arch. Nav. i. 21. 193. An African wheat-ship under sail, from a coin of the Emperor Commodus, in the Museum at Avignon, from a drawing by the author. 194. Coin of the Emperor Commodus (large brass), representing an African wheat-ship under sail, from the Cabinet du Roi. 198. Ship on the tomb of Nævoleia Tyche, at Pompeii, from sketches and measurements made on the spot by the author. Page 199. The Ship of Theseus from the Pitture Antiche d' Ercolano, t. ii. tav. xiv. p. 91. 202. Antient Anchor, engraved from a sulphur impression of a coin of Adrian in the British Museum. 220. A Bireme, from a coin of Adrian in the British Museum. 221. A Trireme under sail, from the Cabinet du Roi. The diagrams at pages 222. and 225. represent the supposed position of the Oars in Triremes and Quinqueremes. The sketch of Port Phenice, now Lutro, at page 88., is taken from one of the French Admiralty charts, of the date of 1738, in the Knights' Library at Malta. That of Lutro, p. 256., drawn by the Rev. George Brown. Chart of Fair Havens, p. 257. of Lasea, p. 263. The two last taken from actual survey in Mr. Tennent's yacht by himself and the master. DIRECTIONS TO THE BINDER. Situation of the Ship on the Fifteenth Morning General Chart of St. Paul's Voyage Fair Havens, Crete 81 Chart of St. Paul's Bay and West Coast of Malta - |