will serve in general, for the Invocations. What now deferves our more particular confideration are these paffages: Omnia namque Te ductrice patent; rerumque occulta tueris MASENIUS. Waft prefent. MILTON. Thefe I confefs to be parallel, tho' not imitat- Ὑμεῖς γὰρ Θεάι ἐσε, ΠΑΡΕΣΤΕ τι, ἼΣΤΕ Iliad. II. 485. -And with mighty wings outspread I cannot pafs over thefe beautiful lines (tho' fomewhat foreign to our purpose) which may be overlook'd by an ordinary reader. The poet here alludes to the 3d chapter, verfe 22, of St Luke, where the holy fpirit is reprefented in a bodily appearance, annexing the idea of brooding, which is imply'd in that expreflive word of Mofes, man, which our tranflation renders mood. Is this too imitated from Ma fenius? Or rather, has that Jefuit three ver- Audior? En facili rapier per inane volatu,&c. tainly gather them from the Gardens of Al- Spot more delicious than those gardens feign'd Alcinous. To crown the whole criticism, i. e. the whole invective against Milton, W.L. concludes, That he that can imagine that Milton could bane wrote as ke bad done, without ever feeing or bearing of Malenius's performance, may with equal reafon affert that a limner may draw a man's picture exactly like the original B without ever feeing him: That is, in plain English, Milton's poem is exactly like Mafenius's, But if I may be allow'd the prefumpti on to oppofe my judgment against so greata critic's authority, I would afk, Whether it is ftrange or abfurd to fuppofe, that two pictures by two different hands fhould have a general likeness, which are drawn from the fame original? I am, Sir, Yours, &c. C D This paffage, fays W.L. Milton has pafs'd o- Tu mibi tantarum, &c. MASENIUS. F If there is any thing parallel in these pallages, it is fo very little, that the one can no more be thought to be an imitation of the cbr, than Virgil's defcription of a horse to be copied from Job. The fimilitude of thought a des from the imitation of nature, which is the fame, and always will be fo; and that from the identity of the fubject, which was deriv'd from the fume ftream of the holy fcriptures; as the can. did reader will find, by impartially comparing the paffages of either poet. This and the fore- G going reafons may be apply'd to vindicate our author from the last charge of plagiarifm, in copying in more places than one Matenius's defcription of Paradife. I with your correfpondent had pointed them out, and told us where they were copy'd in Paradife Loft, for there are many defcriptions of Paradife difpers'd thro' the poem, fome of which confift of more than 100 lines. Bat Milton, who had Homer H almoft by heart, and comes nearest to his style of any poet, if he chofe to tranfplant any flowers into his Garden of Eden, would cer + Gen. i. 2. R. R. A CHARACTER of the late Lord Bishop of CARLISLE, N Thursday, the 2d of this inftant July 1747, died at his palace at Rofe-CafFleming, Bart, Lord Bishop of Carlile, in the tle, the Rt Rev. Father in God, Sir George Sift Year of his Age, and the 13th of his Confecration. He was born June 10, 166, at the Family Seat at Rydal-Hall, in the County of Westmorland; being, in order of Birth, the fifth of eleven Sons, and the ninth of fifteen Children, of Sir Daniel Fleming, Knt, by Barbara, eldest Daughter of Sir Henry Fletcher of Hutton, in the County of Cumberland, Bart, who was flain valiantly fighting for King Charles I. Sept. 24, 1645, at Routon Heath, near Chefter. The faid Sir Daniel, who, in private Life, which he most affected, excelled moft Men of his Rank and Fortune, had an Occafion given to his then Sovereign King Charles II. to inhim, by a malicious Mifreprefentation of him form his Majefty, which the most authentick Evidences enabled him to do, that eleven of his Ancestors had, for their good Services, beenrewarded with the Honour of Knighthood, fince the Norman Conqueft, when King William I. gave to his faithful Follower and Kinfman Sir Michael le Fleming, a confiderable Eftate, part of which has been tranfmitted down from him, in an uninterrupted Succeffion, to the prefentHeir-male of the twenty-firftGeneration. It was with equal Truth and Satisfaction, that the fame worthy Knight could aver, that as he himfelf had, in the most difficult and trying Times, inviolably adhered to the Conflitution in Church and State, fo not one of his Proge nitors had, fince the diftant Epoche abovemention'd, been an Oppofer of the Crown; not one, fince the Reformation, had been Papift, nor a Diffenter, in any Shape, from the Church of England. Difpofing of all his Sons in the most advantageous ways he could, con CHARACTER of Bishop FLEMING. confiftently with his Intereft and Ability, he 325 he could do with a better Grace, than many grant one. Never wanting to be advifed, nor reminded, in what was fit and convenient for him to do on any Occafion, be had as much Refolution, as Ability, to be directed by his own Judgment, and was ever cautious, tho not jealous of Impofition. As he hardly ever beftow'd his Preferments thro' Dint of Sollicitation, or the Intervention of any powerful Intereft, bat was always pre-determin'd in his own Breaft; fo did he double every Favour by his Manner of conferring it, and feemingly fhared, with the Perfon he obliged, in his Pleafure and Satisfaction. His Tongue ever was as ready to encourage the Afflicted, as his Hand was to relieve the Indigent; and as no Object of Compaflion ever prefented itself to him in vain, fo did no Defign, favourable to Religion, Learning, or Publick-Good, ever fail, on the firft Application, of his generous Affiftance. With a Revenue, not more than adequate to his Expences, which he ballanced with a most Having pafs'd thro' his Degrees in Arts, he B became domeftick Chaplain to Dr Tho. Smith, then Lord Bishop of Carlisle, by whom he had been ordained, and collated to the Vicarage of Afpatria in that Diocefe, as he was foon after to the fecond Prebend in the faid Cathedral Church. In 1705, he was collated to the Atch-Deaconry, in 1727, was promoted to the Deanery, and in 1734, was advanced to the bi-laudable Oeconomy, he was frugal without fhoprick of Carlife; fo that, in one and the fame Diocefe, he made a gradual Progrefs thro' all the Orders and Dignities of the Church; and as, in each Step, his Merit preceded his Promotion, fo did he adorn, as well as fill, his feveral fucceffive Stations. He had not wore the Mitre two Years, when, on the Decease of his eldest and only furviving Brother, without Iflue Male, he fucceeded to the title of Baronet, and the paternal Eftate of his ancient Family. -With this Acceffion of Honour and Fortune, he was nevertheless that wellbred Gentleman he ever fhew'd himself, in every Quality forming that Character, which was never more eminently united, than in him, with that of a Pious and truly Chriftian Prelate. As no one could conduct h mfelf, with a better regulated Tenderness and Affecti on, in the nearer Relations of Life, fo could no one demean himself, with a more exact, and yet ealy, Addrefs, to all Ranks and Degrees of Mankind. Parfimony, and liberal without Profufion; and, whilst he put its juft Value on Money, he esteem'd it, not for its own Sake, but for the good Ules of it, and as it enabled him to gratify his ample and ardent Defires, in Acts of Charity, Beneficence, and Hofpitality, which confum'd his Income, as it accrued, and might feem to require, and would, but with his MaDnagement, a much larger Fund.- -Though E F His Example, in which a Medium was nicely obferv'd, with an Accuracy, that defcended to the minuteft Articles, was a conftant Leffon of Inftruction, and his Houfe, under its Influence, was the best School of Wifdom and Virtue, As he always preferv'd a Neatnefs about his Perfon, which was of itfelf comely and graceful, fo, by a special Guard against Habits, and with a continual Prefence of Mind, he kept himself intirely free from all little Peculiarities, in Words, Geftures, and Actions, which, tho' not criminal, in any moral Tur- G pitude, would be better wanting in many, whom they diftinguish, pot to their Advantage. A certain Awefulness furrounded him, which would have commanded more Fear, than Love, had it not been foften'd and sweeten'd with Affability. As he cou'd address his Superiors and Equals, with all the Ceremony and Complaifance of Good-Breeding, fo was he eafy of Accefs, and of D fcourfe, to his Inferiors, to the lowest of all; and never difmifa'd any, but with an attendant Liking and Approbation of him, even when he denied a Request, which (Gent. Mag. JULY 1747.) his Senfations were quick and ftrong, and his Temper naturally warm; yet, what was therefore the more meritorious, Reafon conftantly maintain'd its proper Sway over his Paffions; and a fettled Equanimity, founded on the B.fis of Piety and Prudence, ftill fhew'd itfelf, in one uniform Appearance, amidst all the various Events and Occurrences of his Life. As he was not elated with Acquifitions, fo was he not dejected with Loges, but bore both with an even and steady Spirit; and tho' no one could poffefs a Blefling with a more true and thankful Senfe of its Worth and Importance, yet could no one refign it with more Patience, or reconcile himself to the Want of it with more Acquiefcence and Alacrity. This amiable Moderation, as well amidit the Enjoyments, as the Sufferings, of the World, was never more its own Reward in any Man, than in this excellent Prelate, who, by means of it, unler God, enjoy'd all along a found Mind in a found Body, the Sum Total of human Wishes in the prefent State. In this Tranquillity, tho' in his laft Years he had to conflict with Incidents of a most affecting Nature, did Oldage come upon him :- It came gently, and alone, unattended with thofe Infirmities, which often make Life a Burden long before its End. -Tho' his Frame had never been a robuft one, but owed its Duration, under divine Providence, to his own prudent Care of it, all his Senfes, his Sight, Hearing, &c. continu'd unimpair'd, and their Organs difcharg'd their refpective Functions, without any Helps of Art; whilft his Intellects, his Apprehenfion, Judg ment, and Memory, remain'd goed, as they lways had been, to the very last. When, Τε Bot A B writings, but intend very foon to take a curfory view of them, before I publish about 500 pages, which I have already written purpofely to confute him. Potwithstanding, confcious, under a ftrong Perception of an inward Decay, that his Stamina wers just worn out, he faw, with an Heart fill chearful, his approaching Diffolution. Having fet his Houfe in Order, and deliberately adiufted both his Secular and SpiritualConcerns, he neither exprefs'd a Defire of Continuance, nor of D parture. but, attentive to the glorious Profpe before him, waited, with a Religious Indifference and Refignation, till his Change came. Tho' that could not be fo fudden as to furprize him unprepar'd, yet was it fo remarkably fo, that, without being confined to his Bed, he had but juft rifen from off his Knees, in joining with his Family, which he punctually did Four Times a Day, in the publick De votions of the Church,-when he moft fignally verified the Pfalmift's Reflection, that "tho "Men be fo ftrong, they come to Fourfcore "Years, yet fo foon then does their Strength "pafs away, and they are gone !" Death, tho' it could not have been terrible to him in any Form, arrefted him, as it pleas'd God, in the kindliest,-unpreceded by Sickness,-unaccompanied by Agony :-He expir'd, without a Groan, calm and ferene, and his Soul, exulting on the Wing to its Happinefs in view, left, when it took its Flight, his Countenance in a Smile.- -In the ufteft Application of that beautiful Allufion, has this admirable Prelate gone to his Grave in a full Age, like as a Shock of Corn cometh in, in its Seafon.". -Drawing the Curtains about him D in that Bed of Duft, I leave him to repofe, till a general Refurrection, without adding more to this brief and imperfect Eulogium, but that, as, in him, human Society has loft one of its moft valuable Members,the Church of England one of its chiefeft Ornainents,Majefly one of his most firm and faithful Sub-E -his prefent jects,fo have his Clergy loft the best DioceTan, his Children the beft Father, his Ser-: vents the beft Mafter,-the Poor their beft Benefactor, and Numbers of Men the beft Friend, -who regret his Death,and revere his Memory. Mr URBAN, July 5, 1747. HE verfes from Birmingham in TH your April magazine, to the memory of Mr CHUBB, being read in the prefence of two grave divines, they obferved that the lines were very good, and truly poetical, but that the title was certainly mistaken, for the culogium was more than Thomas Chubb deferved, who was therein treated with as much refpect as if he had been the rector of a parif, or fome rich dignitary of the church; whereas the faid Thomas was a profefled enemy to the function, and, fays one of them, to my certain knowledge never was worth 2000. in his whole life. Befides reply'd the other, he was (as the ingenious author of the verfes in March magazine proves) a derider of religion. I have not, in deed, added he, read any of this Chubb's C Now, Mr Urban, I with this Birmingham poet for the future would find other fubjects for his mufe, because by what I have heard further hinted, I fear he may be fummoned to Lichfield, where many lefs crimes have coft á fine penny. I know not how otherwife to warn him to make fome atonement, which is the reafon of my fending you Yours, this. PHILO-MUSUS. 'Tis no difgrace religion to deride, Mr URBAN, books, which are copied one after another I Am furprized to fee the accounts of counties of late publifhed in feveral from old authors, without regard to the prefent ftate of places, the hifting of trade, and the increafe or decrease of land by inclofures and tillage, and the the inhabitants, the improvement of polishing the people by manufactures and commerce. But I must alfo confefs that I was agreeably entertain'd fome months ago, in meeting with a perfon who was furveying the roads, as he inform'd me for your ufe; and upon fome queftants of every confiderable town in a tions afked me, it came into my mind that the number of the prefent inhabidage to what new maps you may pubcounty, would be an acceptable appenlifh, I accordingly fend you an account, which I have collected by particular enquiry for the antient town of Hertford, and if you publifh it, fhall be encoura Fed to proceed in making other enquiries for the information of the public, Of the people call'd Diffenters. G PARISHES Of theestablish'd church. St Andrew's St John's Qua kers.. 516 840 Of Fire-Damps in manner, it may be proper to publish the truth. Some of the coal-pits near this town are probably the deepest of any in the world, and therefore subjec to fire damps; fo that, if a great deal of foul or inflammable air, by neglect or mifchance, is collected together under ground, and is fet on fire, it goes off with a very great explosion, and does great damage to what it meets with in its way to vent itfelf at the pit's mouth. A -Where the foul air is very ftrong, as it is often at the finking of new pits, it is brought up in pipes along the fides B of the pit into the open air, and a candle, or lighted paper, being put to the end of the pipe, it will break out into a flame, one or two feet in breadth, and feveral feet in height, more or less, according to the quantity of foul air that is vented, and will burn day and night C for months and years. The flame of it may be eafily feen at the Ifle of Man, which is ten leagues off, and affords a better light to fhipping than the lighthoufe; and yet may be generally extinguished by laying a wet fail over it.Sir James Lowther, to whom this colliery belongs, had thoughts of making a fire-engine with it, had there been occafion for one where it arifes: it therefore may be efteemed one of the greateft natural curiofities which is any where to be met with.† deep Coal-Miues. 327 the top of the pit, tho' 160 yards deep, a ftrong wooden ftage, covered with earth, clay, stones, &. and let down to stop the air going down the pit, and to refilt a fmaller explofion; fince that day fuch methods have been taken, that there has been no explosion, and nothing to be obferved at the top of the pit but a little fmoak, and a fulphureous imell, fo that there can be at worst but a fmall fire, if any, which there is little doubt will foon be extinguished. It has pleafed God, this whole affair, which was fet forth in fo terrible a manner (Jee p. 246 E) has not coft the life or limb of any one perfon. This fire-damp, or thick mine air, may be contained in bladders, and has been fent in that manner to London, &c. It is a true kind of air, tho' inflammable, being a fubtile and permanently elaftic fluid, which is eafily rarefied by heat, and condenfed by cold, as may be proved by holding a bladder not quite fill'd with it to the fire. By its elaftic spring it alfo expands itfelf as foon as the preffure of the incumbent atmosphere is taken off; thus the bladders, which were not quite fill'd with it at Ded when brought to the top into a lighter air. the bottom of a deep pit, are violently diftendThe fame may be demonftrated by putting fome of it in a bladder clofe tied, under the re ceiver of an air-pump, and exhaufting fome of the air contained in the receiver. This colliery is the most curious and E extenfive in its kind; it hath been wrought above 100 years, and above a million fterling hath been expended in carrying it on; fome parts of the works are carried under the fea, and are 200 yards deeper than the furface of the fea, which is probably nearer to the earth's F center than any miners have penetrated any other place. in On the 6th of April laft, by means of fome defect in the partitions, or pipes to carry off the foul air, there happened a very great explosion, which beat down good deal of the partitions, and fome of the tops under ground, and a part of G the coal took fire by the damp, which kept burning as it iffued out of the crevices, and everal other blafts or explofions happened for a day or two, but not fo violent. For feveral days afterwards there was no explofion, nor any thing to be obferved, but a little fmoak and a fulphureous imell at one or two H of the pits, till the zoth of April, when there were two more explolions, and two more on the 22d, one of which were fo violent, the blait carried all that was loose before it, and threw up to In regard to its inflammability, contrary to gun-powder, it will not take fire at a red-hot iron, or at the fparks made by the collifion of a flint and fteel, but is readily kindled by, a lighted candle, or any other flame, and if preffed out of a bladder thro' a pipe opple, and fo fet on fire, it continues burning at the end of the ftopple as long as it is prefied out, But if the flame of a candle be fuddenly introduced into a bladder fill'd with it, fo as to fire it all at once, it goes off with a confiderable explofion like gun-powder; and thus refembles what the miners call a blaft; which fometimes proves deftructive to them, when a large quantity of this inflammable air is collected together in the mines, and there, by tome accident, fet on fire. From the London Gazette Extraordinary, Account of a fignal Victory obtain'd July 19, N. S. by the Piedm ntefe and Imperial Troops over the French near Exilles in Pied ter the enemy began to move, which oblig'd nished with cannon, because it was neceffary, Of fourteen battalions which we had with us, viz. ten Piedmontefe and four Auftrians, there were but eight of the former and two of the latter who could, by their fituation, have any fhare in the action. ADESCRIPTION of BBRGEN-OP-ZOOM S the fiege of this place is reckon'd the boldeft enterprize the French have undertaken fince the war, not only by reafon of its ftrength both by nature and art, but of the numbers of troops posted about it, in order to render the approaches of an enemy ftill more difficult, the reader will not be displeased with an account of it. Bergen-op-zoom literally fignifies the bill upon the zoom. The Dutch word Zoom fignifies a hem or jeam, and metaphorically a border or boundary; this place being on a lake fo called, which divides Zealand and Brabant. The marquifate of Bergen-op-Zoom (which had anciently only the title of lordship, taken out of that of Breda in 1287) was erected by the emperor Ch. CV. in 1533, in favour of Antonio de Glimes his favourite; fince which it has defcended by heirs female to the prefent elector Palatine, who is in fome fort fovereign of it, but holds it as a moving fief of the duchy of Brabant, and does homage for it to the fupreme council of Brabant held at the Hague, and the States General have a right to keep garrifon there for the fecurity of their frontiers; the territory in length is about 30 miles from north to fouth, and its breadth from caft to weft about 18, and its revenue to the elector is between So and 90.000 florins per Ann. but the interests of the mortgages made by his predeceffors, with the falaries of officers, amount to two thirds of it. Thofe who were engag'd diftinguished themfelves with extraordinary valour, and the count de Briqueras commends particularly the generals Aciat and Colloredo, and the brigadier count Martineage. Our lofs amounts in all D to 120 men, amongst which there are two captains of the regimen: of guards, one captain of the Swiss regiment Meyer, two leutenants, one Imperial, and the other Piedmontese, of the regiment of Cafa, wounded; and a Swiss captain kill'd. The enemy's lofs amounts to at least 5000 men, amongst which the Lieut. Gen. chevalier de Belleifle kill'd, as likewife the majors general Arnaud and de Larnage. M. de Bergard, brigadier, woanded and prifoner. It's reckon'd that they have loft above 300 officers, and we have taken fix of their colours. They left at Sceau 600 wounded, who were not in a condition to be carried off. E F By an Auftrian officer, who was prefent at the action, and makes the lofs of the enemy fill greater, we have the following circumftance relating to the chevalier de Belleifle, viz. that finding his principal attack did not fucceed, he put himself at the head of the troops, and having taken a pair of colours from one of their officers, went forward him felf to place it upon the intrenchment, where he was wounded in the arm by the thruft of a G bayonet from one of our grenadiers, and at the fame time received two mufket fhots, one in the head, and the other in the body, which determined the enemy to retreat. The enemy decamp'd the fame night, and mov'd off in two columns, one towards Ouiz, and the other behind the Col de Sefirieres, and the battalions which were left at Saliberftrand, H retir'd likewife to Oulz. It appears by fome of the colours taken, that there m have been Spanish troops amongst [See Foreign Hiftory.] the French, The town is not large, nor near fo confiderable as formerly, when it had a very great trade, a hall or ftaple for cloth, a quarter for the English_merchants, which is ftill called the English Street, and another public building for the Hanfe merchants. Its church (now deftroy'd by theFrench bombs) dedicated to St Gertrude, was built of hewn ftone, and very large, and esteemed a very beautiful and magnificent ftructure. The town contains 20 good streets, about 1100 houses, and 5 fquares; the number of inhabitants is about 7000, out of which are railed 4 companies of burghers, commanded by a captain and proper officers. It was befieged in vain by the prince of Parma in 1558; and again in 1022 by the marquis Spinola, who was obliged to quit it with the lofs of above 10,oco men. The States General, confidering the importance of the place, got it fortified in 1700 by the fainous Cocher, their engineer general, and |