C.'s assertion. Ball struck H. on the side. Reeled under the blow. Crowds gathered around Mr. Bayard's house. States. man who had given the law to American Commerce. An accomplished soldier. The correspondence published, a storm of condemnation burst upon B. Indictments against him in N. Y. and N. J. Pistol discharged into the air. B. stepped forward with a gesture of regret. His nature revolted at the thought of taking life. Made his will. The last time he visited there, he said, "I shall probably never come here again." H. replied that he was ready to answer for any definite opinion he had uttered, H. had never discountenanced duelling. Had been engaged in the affair between Laurens and Lee. His own son had fallen in a duel. His second hurried him from the field. Visitors allowed to pass one at a time through the room. No hope of his recovery. Screened him with an umbrella from sight. Everywhere the virtues and services of H. celebrated. Character of B. displayed in dramatic contrast. Career extraordinary. Came to this country without fortune or friends. H. was a man of light frame. A disorder prevented the use of ordinary remedies. Toɑ late to take shelter behind a general disapproval of a custom recognized by his professional brethren and countenanced by himself. H. presided at the annual banquet of the Society of Cincinnati. His manner gave no indication of the dreadful event impending. H. would have shown a higher courage by braving a brutal custom. But unjust to censure him for not showing a courage displayed by no man of his day. H. and B. must be measured by their own standard, not by ours. B. reiterated his demand in insolent terms. H. voluntarily stated that, in conversation with Dr. C., he had not charged B. with dishonorable conduct. Distressed lest from his estate his debts could not be paid. Committed his wife to the protection of his children. Besought them to vindicate his memory by making up any deficiency. Compared to Rich. III., to Catiline, to Saul. Feeling not confined to this country. Retained his composure to the last. His seven children came into the room. One of the most influential members of the Constitutional Convention. Difficult in history to find one so eminent in three departments so unlike. Surpassed by no statesman of his generation. B. went to

Paris in 1810. Requested an interview with Talleyrand. Closed his eyes. Gave them one look. Expired at two o'clock the day after the duel. B.'s parting letters to his daughter Theodosia and husband occupied with directions concerning property and papers. Tone of ordinary correspondence. B. changed ground and peremptorily insisted that H. should deny ever having made remarks from which anything derogatory to himself could be drawn. This demand unjustifiable. No word in them such as an affectionate father or patriotic citizen would use. No misgivings as to the propriety of his conduct. The French statesman could not refuse him an interview. "Say to Col. Burr that I will receive him to-morrow, but tell him, also, that H.'s likeness always hangs over my mantel. It showed that B.'s desire was to goad his adversary to the field. He refused. A challenge followed. No whisper of regret at what he was about to do. A few lines of graceful compliment to his daughter. Burr did not call. When in England, he became intimate with the great Bentham. Requests Theodosia to acquire a critical knowledge of Latin and English and all branches of natural philosophy. In his "Memoirs and Correspondence." Bentham alludes to the acquaintance. Says B. gave him an account of the duel. B. was sure of being able to kill H. So I thought it little better than a murder."

LESSON 26.

SYNTHESIS OF SENTENCES INTO PARAGRAPHS AND OF PARAGRAPHS INTO A THEME.

Direction.-Do with these sentences as directed with those in the preceding Lesson, but use the Roman and the Arabic notation in marking the paragraphs:

It was on Sunday, the memorable 7th of Oct., 1571. Place, the entrance to the Gulf of Lepanto. Before coming within cannon shot, the Turkish admiral fired a challenge. Answered

a

by a gun from the galley of Don John. The two fleets, the Moslem, or Ottoman, and the Christian, met. Ali Pasha, commander in chief, in the centre. A second gun. A second answer. Action began on the left wing of the allied, or Christian, fleet. Mehemet Siroco desired to turn this wing. Mehemet Siroco, viceroy of Egypt, on his right. Uluch Ali, dey of Algiers, the redoubtable corsair of the Mediterranean, on his left. Christian fleet commanded by Don John of Austria, natural brother of Philip II. Commanded in the centre with 63 galleys. A death-like stillness followed. Men held their breath. Knew the soundings better than Barberigo did. Knew there was water enough between B. and the shore. The left wing under Barberigo, a noble Venetian. The Genoese Andrew Doria, a name of terror to the Moslems, with 64 galleys on the right. A reserve of 35 galleys in the rear under the brave Marquis of Santa Cruz. Day magnificent. Sky cloudless. A light breeze playing Nearing noon. Not less than 120,000 men in Turkish fleet. Spread out in regular half moon. 250 royal galleys, numbers of smaller vessels in the rear, Succeeded in doubling on his enemy. So the Christian left was between two fires. At a disadvantage. Yells from the Turkish armada. The customary Moslem war-cry. Meanwhile combat in the centre under Don John and Ali Pasha. Twice the Spaniards boarded. Twice repulsed. Superiority in the use of firearms gave them the advantage. Incessant fire of artillery and musketry. Different scene on board the Christian galleys. Don John was standing on the prow of the Real, awaiting the conflict. Eight Venetian galleys went to the bottom. More captured. The brave Barberigo, fighting without defensive armor, wounded in the eye by an arrow. The trumpets sounded to the third assault. More successful. Threw themselves into Turkish galleys. Met by Janissaries as before. He knelt. Raised his eyes to heaven. Fight still lingered on the right. Uluch Ali attempted Siroco's manœuvre. Prayed to the Almighty to be with his people that day. Example followed throughout the fleet. Battle of Lepanto more sanguinary than any sea-fight modern times. Raged four hours. Ali Pasha led them on. Struck by a musket ball. Stretched senseless on the gangway.

of

The voice of

their commander missed. Doria foresaw his movement. Extended his line so far to the right as to expose the centre. Vulnerable point detected by the eagle eye of Uluch Ali. Officers and men fell on their knees. Turned their eyes to the consecrated banner, floating from the Real. Borne to his cabin. But the Venetians gathered courage from despair. By incredible efforts beat off their enemies. Became in turn the assailants. Carried one vessel after another. Safe to estimate the Turkish loss at 24,000 slain and 5,000 prisoners. The armada annihilated. After the battle, sky began to be overcast. Storm arising. Swooped down. Sunk galleys. Carried off the great Capitana of Malta. Don John sought shelter in the neighboring port of Petala. Put up a petition like their commander's. Received absolution from the priests. Rose from their knees with new strength. The Capuchin with uplifted crucifix led to the attack. Christian galley-slaves broke their fetters. Joined their countrymen against their masters. Overpowered, and threw down their arms. Decks loaded with the dead and dying. Beneath them was discovered Ali Pasha, wounded, but not mortally. Of the 250 galleys, not more than 40 or 50 escaped. Proofs of Don John's kindly temper experienced even by the enemy. Among the prisoners were two sons of Ali Pasha, one 17, the other 13. Before he arrived the tempest began to mutter. One cut off his head, and raised it on a pike. Banner of the crescent pulled down, and that of the cross run up. Welcomed with a shout of victory. Led into the presence of Don John, they fell on the deck before him. Among the chief conquests were 12,000 Christian captives chained to the oar, who with tears streaming down their faces blessed their deliverers. Santa Cruz saw the critical condition of Doria. Dashed into the midst. Fell like a thunderbolt on the Algerine galleys. Allied loss comparatively small. Less than 8,000. Darkness was on the water. Siroco's vessel was sunk. Extricated from the water to perish by the sword. He raised them up, and affectionately embraced them. Treated them according to their rank. Barberigo, lingering in agony, hearing of Siroco's defeat and death, exclaimed, "I die contented." Expired. Darkness rendered more visible by the blazing wrecks. Storm raged 24 hours. Beset on all sides,

Uluch Ali abandoned his prizes. Cut loose from the Capitana. Richest apparel given them. Table served with delicacies. Courier sent to Constantinople to assure friends of their safety. Threw out signals for retreat. Stood towards the north with all the canvas left him. Gave chase. Fleet rode safely at anchor in the harbor of Petala. Remained there three days longer. Hoped to intercept him at a rocky headland, jutting far out into the sea. Succeeded in obtaining their liberation from the pope. Elder died at Naples of a broken heart. Younger sent home with three attendants, for whom he had an especial regard. Some few vessels stranded. But with 40 or 50 he doubled the headland. Stood out to sea. His white sails, like a flock of

Arctic fowl, the last thing visible.

LESSON 27.

THE PREPARATION OF A FRAMEWORK.

In the preparation of a theme, you have seen that several things must be done. A subject must be chosen. Facts forming the subject-matter of the theme must be found. They must be grouped. They must be grouped under the sub-topics into which the general topic, or subject of the theme, is resolved. They must then be wrought into thoughts, these thoughts must be expressed in sentences, these sentences framed into paragraphs, and these paragraphs arranged upon the page.

In every step of this work, rhetoric can aid the pupil, but it can only aid. It can direct the pupil to the choice of a subject and place him in the happiest relation with it; and can lead him on in such wise that he will find the most and the best matter in it, will think, and express his thought in the most effective form. In this