Perouse

King's account of his visit to La Pérouse, 187.
opinion of Cook, ib.

of the country and its inhabitants, lxix, 33 n.
despatch from Botany Bay, 327.

thought Bay of Avatscha finest harbour in the
world, 136 n.

did not visit Port Jackson, ib.

Phillip's report of his arrival, 269.

conversation with Tench, 121 n.

with King, 187.

with Hunter, 309.

unjustly accused of firing on the natives, and
spreading small-pox, 522-5.
spelling of his name, 30 n.

Phillip

Post-captain, 94, 497.

Captain General and Governor-in-Chief, ib., 27,
475, 520.

nature and extent of his powers, 27-30.
Commission, 474–80.

Instructions, 481-7.

the first lord's letter on his appointment, 495-6.
preparations for the expedition, 37-53.
memo. on points relating to it, 37-42.
proposes to arrive before the transports, 37.
management of convicts on board ship, 38.

the greatest villains should be put in one ship, ib.
women to be protected, 38, 40, 46.

will see that the people are kept clean, 39.
and give them sensible advice, ib.

will prevent intercourse with the natives, ib.
may be necessary to permit prostitution, ib.
marriage will be encouraged, 40.

native women may marry convicts, ib.

must be protected, ib.

death will never be necessary, ib.

only two crimes merit death, ib.

offenders should be handed over to cannibals, ib.
exile more effectual than death, ib.

large quantity of stock the first great object, ib.
women may be brought from the islands as
wives for the soldiers, 40, 46.

convicts should not lay the foundation of an
empire, ib.

nor allowed to mix with free men, even after
their time is served, 40-1.

no slavery in a free land, 41.

horsemen required to reconnoitre, ib.
native population probably large, ib.

stores should be carried in the armed ships in
case of accident to the store-ships, 41-2.
twelve dozen shilling razors very necessary, 42.
overseers required, ib.

ships overcrowded, 43, 48, 51.
helpless people on board, 43.

no surgical instruments, ib.

asks for fresh meat and vegetables, and a little
wine for the sick, 44.

requires authori to buy wine on the voyage, ib.

Phillip

to have a hospital ship, 44, 49, 50.

to supply fresh meat and vegetables in port, ib.
to use his own judgment in selecting a site, 45.
to send to New Zealand for the flax-plant, ib.
to emancipate, ib.

to exile, 45-6.

to send home officers for trial, 45.

to hoist a pendant, ib.

to change the provisions, ib.

to go to Port Stephens instead of Botany Bay, 46.
no more convicts to be sent out until his situa-
tion known, ib.

natives must be protected, ib.

in case of being opposed by European ships? ib.
salary and allowances, 47.

authorised to remove from Botany Bay, ib.
but not to delay disembarkation, ib.
fears of sickness on board, 47-8.

of public criticism in event of disaster, 48.
ships cleaned and smoked, 49, 50.

no anti-scorbutics, 49.

marines sent in the worst possible state, ib.
fresh meat supplied to the sick only, ib.
compelled to order clothing, ib.

convicts should be washed and clothed, 49, 50.

repeated applications and complaints, ib.

women almost naked and very filthy, ib.

fever on board their ship, 50.

and other complaints, ib.

porter and ducats required for presents, ib.

not allowed, 70.

sour krout and portable soup for the sick, 51.
official indifference, ib.

Cook's equipment compared, ib.

last letter from England, 52.

examines the bread, ib.

necessaries received at the last moment, ib.
women's clothing left behind, 53, 60, 62, 65.
letters to Rio and the Cape not received, 53.
waiting for a wind, ib.

"our intended settlement," ib.

the Fleet at sea, 60-72.

clearing the Channel, 60-1.

women's clothing again, 60.

Provost-Marshal never turned up, ib.

alarm on board the Scarborough, 61, 63.
ring-leaders flogged, ib.

first inspection, 62.

"some compleat villains," 62-3.

no musquet balls for the marines, 62.
convicts not so sickly, ib.

convicts quiet and contented, 63.

women's clothing again, 62, 65.

bread too dear to buy at Santa Cruz, 63.
butter melting, ib.

reception at Rio, 64-69.

convicts supplied with fresh provisions, 64, 66.
much healthier, 65.

only fifteen deaths, ib.

Phillip

rum bought for the soldiers, 65-6.

no butter or cheese at Rio, 66.

no wine in store, ib.

rise in rum, ib.

convicts nearly naked, ib.

sacks bought for clothing, ib.

ten thousand musquet balls purchased, 67.
soap for the marines, ib.

convicts allowed the liberty of the deck, ib.
provisions badly stowed, ib.

coffee, indigo, cotton, and cochineal plants, 68.
ipecacuanha and jalap, 71.

orange, lime, and lemon, ib.

the Commodore salutes the Vice-King, 68.
State reception, 68-9.

overwhelmed with civilities, ib.

Phillip acts as interpreter, 69.

spends £100 on presents, 70.

but recollects that the Government had not been
very liberal to him, ib.

sends plants to Banks, ib.

rams and sows in promising condition, ib.
the ladies also, ib.

arrives at the Cape, ib.

Dutchmen refuse to sell flour or bread, ib.
Phillip writes to the Governor and Council, ib.
who take eight days to consider the matter, 71.
and then grant his request, ib.

live stock, plants, and seed, 71-2.

buys stock on his own account, 72 and note.
high prices, 72.

sails from the Cape, 266.

leaves the Sirius to go on board the Supply, ib.

Hunter left in charge, 267.

land in sight, ib.

arrives at Botany Bay, ib.

examines the bay at once, ib.

determines to seek a better site, 268.

sails in three boats for Broken Bay, 135 n, 268 n.
looks into Port Jackson, 268 n.

finds the finest harbour in the world, ib.
encloses a rough survey in his despatch, 269, 326.
fixes on a cove, ib.

names it after Sydney, ib.
why he chose it, 270-1.

returns to Botany Bay, 269.

describes the arrival of La Pérouse, ib.

no personal communication between them, ib.
sails in the Supply to Port Jackson, ib.
the Fleet at anchor there, 262, 269.

hoists the flag and drinks Success to the New
Colony, 261.

two friends, 185-6.

proclamation of the colony, 262.

marines and convicts drawn up, ib.

calls on Judge-Advocate to read Commission,
Act of Parliament, and Letters Patent, ib.
makes his first speech, 262-5.

different versions of it, ib.

Phillip

a fictitious speech, 265 n.

advises the convicts to marry, 264-5.

does not attempt to regulate intercourse between
the sexes, ib.

order for prevention of disease, 266.

and desertion of wives, ib.

clearing the ground, 270.

sends King to occupy Norfolk Island, 188, 271-2.
Commission, 191 n.

Instructions, 272, 527.

convenes the first Criminal Court, ib.
reprieves five men, ib.

intends to exile them, ib.

allows convict labour to the officers, 276-7.
asks for instructions on that point, 277.
proposes to barter for stock, ib.

wants more females, ib.

will not send to the islands for them, 277-8.
describes the harbour, 279.

country between the Cove and Botany Bay, ib.
and Parramatta, ib.

predicts a great future for the colony, 279, 280.
trees, wild flowers, and wild vegetables, 280.
sends seeds and grass to Banks, ib.

asks the French botanists about the flax, ib.
regrets his ignorance of botany, ib.
"such a variety of plants," ib.

stone and clay, ib.

exploration of the country, 134-60, 272, 257-91.
his rank among explorers, 134.
forgotten labours, ib.

energy, 134 and note, 164-5.

review of his work, 166-9.

value of it, 168.

difficulties encountered, 164, 167–8.

suffering brought on by exposure, 305-6.

explores Broken Bay, 136, 144-52, 272-3.

describes it, 272-3.

names Pittwater, 273.

describes Norfolk Island, ib.

discovery of Lord Howe island, 274.

the Food question, 100, 275-6, 297, 309, 313-4,
344-5.

necessity for regular supplies, 275, 297, 309, 314.
supplies sent in First Fleet, 309, 436, 491.
Sirius and Supply victualled from them, 335.
result being that flour fell short in September, ib.
sends Sirius to the Cape for flour, 351.
difficulties in finding food, 275-6, 344-5.
sends out fishing and shooting parties, 275, 509.
prudent measures, 512.

foresees the loss of a store-ship, 271 n, 276, 314.
reduces the rations, 505.

goes down the harbour to meet Lady Juliana, 250.
gives up his own flour, 106.

the Native question, 119-33, 281-7, 290-1, 298,
301-3, 321, 324, 342, 352.

his interest in the natives, 119.

descriptions of them, 119, 282-7, 290-1.

Phillip

determined not to fire on them, 281.

first interview with them at Botany Bay, 282.
meets them alone and unarmed, ib.
King's account of the meeting, 122-3.
reason of success in dealing with them, 120-3.
first meeting with them at Port Jackson, 282.

shows them how to boil a pot, ib.

forms higher opinion of them, 282-3.
names Manly Cove in their honour, 283.

is speared there, 124.

does not retaliate, 102.

coolness and presence of mind, 123-4, 302.

necessity for placing confidence in them, 302.
captures Arabanoo, 120.

puts him in a tub, lx.

sits down to tea with him, 120.

and dinner, 120 n.

captures two other natives, 121.

takes two natives on exploring tour, 157.
keeps one at his house, ib.

prohibits aggressive acts against them, 122, 101 n.
orders flogging in their presence, 251.

sets out to punish natives for murder, 301.
surprises a large party on the coast, 302.

makes friends with them, ib.

sends Tench with fifty men to punish natives for

murder, 236, 248.

orders him to "cut off their heads," 236.

convicts the aggressors, 125, 298, 301, 352.

thinks natives confined to the sea-coast, 140-1,
289, 303, 320-1.

estimates the population between Broken Bay
and Botany Bay at 1,500, 287, 324.

hopes to teach them how to cultivate, 119-20.
instructions from the Government, 485.
success of his plans, 121.

refers to the smali-pox among the natives, 523.
cultivation of the land, 137.

instructed to cultivate immediately upon his
landing, 483.

difficulty of penetrating the country, 358.

proceeds to search for good land at Botany Bay,
144, 267-8, 279.

at Port Jackson, 270, 279.

at Broken Bay, 137, 145, 272.

at Shell Cove, 288.

at Lake Narrabeen, 138, 288.

at Pittwater, 147, 273.

at Parramatta, 141, 279, 288-9.

at the Hawkesbury, 145-6, 288.

the first farm, 142, 351.

the second, ib.

cultivation by the officers, 271, 351.

soldiers' gardens, 337.

all the seed grain spoiled, 275, 317, 334-5, 345.

corn raised in first two years kept for seed, 311.

wheat failed at Norfolk Island, 335.

Sirius sent to the Cape for flour, 335, 345.
only one farmer, 351.

Phillip

who was his own servant, 351 n.
"person going to India," 315.
no botanist, 280.

not even an intelligent gardener, ib.
his farm labourers, 359.
position on landing, 372.
tools, 316, 346.

no overseers, 316, 341, 351-2.
educated villains, 346.

plants and fruit trees thriving, 338.

the cleared land in a flourishing state, 354.
rich soil at Norfolk Island, 355.

going to Rose Hill, 354, 356.

experience as a country gentleman, 142.

views on free settlement, 40, 315, 324-5, 328, 336,
341, 351, 372.

and assignment, 325, 341.

conflicts with the military, 108-18, 292.

officers decline to assist in managing the con-

victs, 108-9, 292-3, 314-5, 352-3.

object to sit as members of the Criminal Court,
109-111, 113-4, 293, 412.

want their grants of land at once, 109, 293.
refuse to recognise Governor's warrant for hold-
ing a Court-martial, 116, 347-8.

Phillip directs a Court of Inquiry to take
evidence, 117, 347-8.

the Court evades its duty, ib.

Judge-Advocate directed to take evidence, 347.
matter compromised, 347-9.

Major Ross aggressive, 110-115, 417, 420, 425A.
his official jealousy, 411, 420, 427A.
pertinacity, 413, 415.

and love of camp gossip, 421.
Phillip's self-control, 118, 410, 420, 423A.
the night-watch arrest a soldier, 112-3.
Ross threatens to use the bayonet, 112.
Campbell refuses to sit as a member of the
Criminal Court, 410-5.

dealt with by Phillip, ib.

Campbell surrenders, 415.

Phillip's interview with the officers, ib.

they had no doubt about their duty, ib.

but the Major had, ib.

Phillip desires him to assemble the officers, ib.

sends instructions by the adjutant, ib.

officers assembled and examined, 416.

they admit their duty, 416-7.

Ross terms the Governor's conduct oppressive,
417.

Phillip directs inquiries, 417-8.

officers confirm the report, 418-9.

and refer the Major to Phillip, 419.

but Ross never mentioned it again, ib.

he complains of an insult, 420-2.

because a convict plasterer had received orders
from the Governor through the Judge-Advo-
cate, 421-2.

requires an explanation, 422.

Phillip replies, 423A.

reason for doing so, ib.

Phillip points out the serious consequences that
might have followed, 426A.

Ross asks approval of a commission for his son,
427A.

which Phillip declines to give, ib.

but the son is appointed and presented to the
Governor, ib, n.

source of the conflicts, 428A, 429A.

the marines recalled, ib.

mischief aggravated by subsequent measures, ib.
his letters and despatches, 98-9.
their interest and value, vi, ix, 99.

compared with Captain Smith of Virginia, vii.
literary deficiencies, 99 and note.
despatches written from a journal, 261.
first despatch from Sydney Cove, 266.

fourth, 344.

letters describing his bad health, 305-6.
requesting leave to return, 306, 368.
interceding for his friends, 367.

character and qualifications, 94–107.

anxious attention to details connected with the
expedition, lix, lx, 34, 37, 42-3, 47-8, 51, 62-7,
69, 94, 96.

the difficulties of his position, 34-6.

indifference to his own interests, 46-7, 105-7,
368.

regard for his friends, 187, 368.

prudence, sagacity, and foresight, 96, 100, 300.
sound judgment, 97, 143, 300, 338.

self-restraint under provocation, 102, 110, 118,
410, 420, 423A.

humanity, 102 and notes.

not responsible for severity of criminal law,
100-1, 104, 218, 220-8, 235.

impartiality in administering justice between
natives and convicts, 46, 127-8, 248.

conscientious discharge of duty in the midst
of difficulties and privations, 107, 328.
self-denial and patient endurance, 105-7, 513.
energy in exploration, 134.

firmness and decision, 113, 127, 411, 412, 420.
kindness toward the natives, 119-21, 253-4.

and the convicts, 102 and notes, 106, 304-5, 344-6.

an attentive host, ib.
French cook, 303.

sends a kangaroo to Sydney, 329.
and birds to Lady Chatham, ib.
good spirits, 186, 368.

physical suffering, 305-6.

review of his first year's work, 357.

his plan of the town of Sydney, 298-300.
designed to prevent narrow streets, 300.
intends to build a place of worship, 339.
return to England, 205, 306.

the captain of the Swiftsure, 498
the old Admiral, liv, 186.
biographical sketch, 94, 495-9.

Pittwater

discovered and named by Phillip, 137, 273.

Phillip camped at, 146.

walk from Port Jackson to, 147.

Hunter's description of a walk from Pittwater
to Sydney Cove, 152, 518.

good land for cultivation, 341.

Port Jackson

examined by Phillip, 135.

his opinion of it, 136, 268, 279.

not the port he intended to steer for when
leaving Botany Bay, 135 n, 268 n.

the First Fleet sailing in, 513.
"the Supply amongst the trees," ib.
described by an officer of the Sirius, ib.
danger of being lost among the coves, 153 n.
lost in the bush near Sirius Cove, 519.

the first flagstaff and look-out station at South
Head, 182, 510.

surveyed by Hunter, 181.

survey sent by Phillip, 263, 326.

Provost-Marshal
duties, ib.

left behind when the Fleet sailed, 60.

deputy appointed by Phillip at sea, 61.
a military title, 317.

Quiros

publication of his voyage, xxv, 566, 572-3-6.
supposed discovery of east coast shown on the
charts, xxix, xxx.

error corrected by Cook, xxi.

Callander's statement of his discovery, xxx,

XXXV.

Cook's impression with respect to Quiros and the
southern continent, xxxviii.

the last of the great Spanish sailors, xxxix.
the only navigator who sailed direct for Terra
Australis, ib.

long regarded as discoverer of New Holland, ib.
the east coast as shown on the French charts,
xxvii, xxix, 90 n.

error pointed out by Cook, xxx, 90 n.

account given by Flinders of Q.'s' discovery, ib.
name given by Quiros, xxxiv, 90.

supposed reasons for it, 90 n.

translated by Dalrymple "the Australia del
Espiritu Santo," 90.

who followed Hakluyt, ib.

later geographers misled by them xxx, xxxiv.
not the originator of the name Australia, 91.

Religion

appointment of a chaplain suggested, 433.
Phillip instructed to enforce, 485.

and to celebrate public worship, 486.

provision for the purpose, 58, 339.

the first chaplain, 58, 520.

how he was appointed, 54 n.

wants an order for a few Parish things, 520 n.

his stipend, 339.

the first church, 58, 339.

Phillip proposes to build a church, 338.
never built, 339.

reason, ib.

two Roman Catholic priests volunteer, 54-6.
apply for their passage only, 56.

letter from one of them, 55.

not answered, ib.

three hundred Roman Catholics in the Fleet,

55.

official indifference to religious matters, 56-9.
its consequences, ib, 429A.

the Rev. Richard Johnson and his farm, 520 n.

his Address to the Inhabitants, 583.

the Rev. Samuel Marsden, 79.

letter to Banks, ib.

Richmond Hill

discovered and named by Phillip, 149, 150.
Tench's first view of it, 159.

encounter with the natives there, 163.

Rio de Janeiro

arrival of the Fleet, 63.

hospitality of the Portuguese, 63-4, 66, 68-9.
Phillip in the Portuguese navy, 64, 496.
knowledge of the language, 64, 69.

his reception compared with Cook's, 64.
purchase of rum, 65–6.

seeds and plants, 70.

harbour compared with Port Jackson, 136.
Rose Hill

discovered and named by Phillip, 142.
settlement, 142 and note.

successful, 142-3, 354.
Phillip's house, 199, 354.

the Crescent, 199 n.

Phillip's description, 336, 354, 356.

Ross

Major-Commandant of marines, 105, 521.
Lieutenant-Governor, 105, 520.

Judge of the Vice-Admiralty Court, 529.

no instructions to ensure his subordination, 36,
110, 428A.

persistent endeavours to embarrass the Gover
nor, 105-18.

letters abusing Phillip and the country, 106.
twits him with being absent from duty on
"parties of pleasure," 305.

declines to assist in exercising moral control over
the convicts, 108-9. 292, 314-5, 252.
instigates the officers to object to sit as members
of the Criminal Court, 109, 110, 114, 293, 403.
desired by Phillip to assemble officers in order
to take their opinions, 111, 415.

the result, ib.

threatens to use the bayonet, if soldiers arrested
by night-watch, 112.

compels Phillip to modify his order, ib.

promises to strain every nerve in performing his
duty, 114.

quarrels with the Judge-Advocate, 115.

with the adjutant and quarter-master, ib.
places five members of a court-martial under
arrest for not altering their sentence, 115,
293-4, 347-9.

applies for court-martial on a charge of dis-
respect, 116, 347.

withdraws the charge, 117, 349.

takes part in the quarrel between Campbell and
Collins, 403, 410-3.

friendship for Campbell, 110 n, 403, 503.
snubs the Judge-Advocate, 414.

probable reason, 426A.

accuses Phillip of oppressive conduct, 417.
called to account, 417-9.

official jealousy, 420.

complains of an insult, 421.

on bad terms with Phillip, 423A.

desired to be a little more guarded, 424A.

offers promotion to the Judge-Advocate, 425A.
reason alleged, ib.

probable reason, ib.