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dozen. [Ee gid ut tùe un ubèo u beet,] he gave it him (abused or thrashed) above a bit-i. e. very completely. Not used as the opposite of below, to express situation; in this sense it is ubuuv'. [Taed-n ubèo u muunth ugau'n, aay zeed-n aup-m dhu aur chut ubuuv dhu aewz,] it is not above a month ago I saw it up in the orchard above the house.

ABOUT [ubaewt].

I. adv. For the purpose of.

[Dhúsh yuur haar'ti-feesh'ul, úd'n neet u bee't lik gèo'd oal raat'ud duung, ubaewt git een voar uv u kraap wai,] this new-fangled artificial (manure) is not nearly as effectual as good old rotten dung, for the purpose of procuring a crop. That there's a capical sort of

a maunger 'bout savin o' corn and chaff.

2. [ubaewt-baewt], adv. Engaged upon; at work upon. The common question, What are you doing? is, Haut b'ee baewt? [Aay bún abacut dhu suydur cheez aulz maurneen,]Ive been working at the cider cheese all the morning.

Wist ye not that I must be about my father's business.-Luke ii. 49.

3. adv. In different places. I've a got a sight o' work about, and I can't come no how, vor I be fo'ced to keep gwain, vor to look arter so much o' it.

4. adv.

On hand, unfinished.

Shockin hand vor to keep work about.

While the harvest is about.

ABOUT, adv. Idly sauntering. [Lae'uzee fuulur, ee-z au vees ubaewt,] lazy fellow, he is always idly strolling.

A man who had hurt his hand said to me, [Neef uun'ee aay kud yuez mee an, aay shèod-n bee ubaewt,] if only I could use my hand, I should not be walking about idly.

[Luy-ubaewt], lie-about, adj. Drunken. [Dhai du zai aew ee-z u tuur ubl luy-ubaewt fuulur,] they say how he is a terribly drunken fellow.

[Urn-ubaewt], run about, (a.) adj. Wandering, restless, gad-about : decidedly a term of depreciation. [Aay-v u-yuurd aew ee-z u tuur'ubl urn-ubaewt fuulur,] I have heard that he is a very roving fellow. This would be said of a man who often changes employment.

(b.) sb. A pedlar. [Aay núv'ur doa un dae'ul wai' noa urnubaewts,] I never deal with pedlars.

(c.) Any itinerant, such as a beggar, a tinker, scissor-grinder, rag-and-bone collector. We be ter'ble a-pestered way urn-abouts. (d) A gossip. [Uur-z u rig·lur urn-ubaewt,] she is a thorough gossip or news-carrier.

(c.) v. i. To go about gossiping. Her do urn-about most all her time.

[Buyd ubaewt], (a.) v. i. To loiter. [Lèok shaarp-n neet buyd ubaewt make haste, and do not loiter.

(b.) To be given to drinking-i. e. to staying long in publichouses. [Ee du buyd ubaewt maus aul dhu wik laung,] he stays drinking in public-houses nearly all the week long (instead of attending to his work understood).

ABOUT [ubaewt], prep. Upon; in the sense of upon the person. [Aay aa'n u-gau't u vaar‍dn ubaewt mee,] I have not a farthing about me. [Dhee-s au'rt u ae'u dhu stik ubaewt dhu baak u dhee,] thou oughtest to have the stick (beaten) upon thy back-or [ubaewt dhee guurt ai'd,] upon thy great head. The meaning is something more than around or upon; force and very close contact are implied. Compare the phrase, wrapped my cloak about me.

ABOVE A BIT [buuv-u-beet], adv. A good deal; entirely. Maister let-n 'ave it s-morning 'bove a bit, but I widn bide to hear it; I baint no ways fond o' the vulgar tongue.

ABOVE-BOARD [ubèo boar], adv. Straightforward, open, unconcealed. [Kau'm naew! lat-s ae-ut au·l fae'ur-n ubèo boar,] come now! let us have it all fair and above-board.

ABRED [ubree'd]. Reared; brought up; pp. of breed.
The writer heard the following piece of Billingsgate;

[Manurz! wuy wus u-baurnd een u deesh kit'l un u-breed aup een u tuur'u eep!] manners! why (thou) wast born in a dish-kettle1 and brought up in a turf-heap.2

ABRICOCK [ae ubrikauk]. Apricot (nearly always so).
Our abricocks 'ont be fit to pick vor another vortnight.

Gerard says:

Some englishe me cal the fruite an Abricok.

Turner, Names of Herbes, 1568: ed. Britten, p. 52.

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The fruit is named in English, Abrecoke, Aprecock, and Aprecox.
Ed. 1636, p. 1449.

ABROAD [ubroaud], adv. 1. Scattered (semi-Tech.). [Dee'ur, dee'ur! dhu raayn-z u kaum een, un aul dh-aay-z ubroa ud,] dear, dear! the rain is coming and all the hay is lying loose and scattered. After being mown, hay is always [droad ubroaud,] thrown abroad, i. e. shaken out from the rows left in cutting.

2. adv. In pieces, or separate parts.

[V-uur u-tèokt dhu klauk ubroa ud?], has he taken the clock to pieces? [Ees! kèodn dùe noart tùe un, voar u wuz u-tèokt aul

1 The dish-kettle is a very large pot hung over the fire.

2 A turf-heap here means a shanty or hut such as squatters build on a moor.

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ubroaud,] yes, (he) could not do anything to it, until it was taken all to pieces. [Shauk een bwuuy vur braik ubroa ud-z kloa uz,] shocking boy for tearing his clothes to pieces.

3. adv. Unfastened, undone, open. [Laur Jún! dhee frauk-s aul ubroa ud,] law Jane! thy frock is all

unfastened.

4. Quite flat; in a mash. squeezed his finger quite flat. bwuuy'ul ubroa ud sae'um-z u potatoes, they will boil to a mash like a dust of flour. 5. [ubroaud], adv.

[Skwaut ubroa'ud dhu ving'ur oa un,] [Dhai bee fae'umus tae udees, dhai-ul dúst u flaaw'ur,] those are splendid

splittin abroad.

Open, asunder (very com.). My head's

ABROOD [ubrèo'd], adj. In the act of incubating.

[Uur zaut ubrèo'd uur vèol tuym,] she sat on her eggs her full time. [Dh-oal ain-z ubrèo'd tu laas,] the old hen is sitting at last. Marked obs. by Web. and no quotation later than 1694 in Murray; still the common and only word used daily by everybody who has to do with poultry. See BROODY.

ABUSY [bùe zec]. Abusive, insolent. Most commonly used in connexion with drunk. Upon the subject of Temperance a man thus delivered himself to the writer: [Aay doa un oal wai dhai dhae'ur taitoa utlurz-aay bee vur u draap u suydur een mee wuurk-un aay doa'un oa'l wai dhai dhut-s druungk-n bue zee, dhai bae un-oa gèo'd tu noa·bau'dee,] I don't hold with those teetotalers; I am for a drop of cider in my work; and I don't hold with those who are drunk and abusive, they are no good to anybody.

ACCORDING [koa rdeen], adv. Dependent upon: contingent. [D-ee dhingk ee-ul bee ae'ubl vur kau'm? Wuul, kaan tuul ee núzaa klee, t-aez keardeen wuur aay'v u-fún eesh ur noa,] Do you think you will be able to come? Well, (I) cannot tell you exactly; it is dependent upon whether I have finished

or not.

ACCOUNT [kaewnt], sb. Consideration, worthy of respect. [Ee id-n noa kaewnt,] is a very common expression, to signify that the person is of no social position or consideration.

ACCUSE [ukeò'z], v. To invite, to inform, to appoint.

[Uvoar uur duyd uur ukèo'z dhai uur weesh vur tu kaar ur,] before she died she appointed those she wished to carry her-i. e. her corpse at the funeral. [Ee wuz maa'yn júl'ees kuz ee waud-n ukèo'z tu dhu suupur,] he was very jealous because he was not invited to the supper. [Dhai wuz ukèo'z uvoar an', un zoa dhai wuz u-prai-pae'ur,] they were informed beforehand, and so they were prepared.

ACKLY [aaklee-emphatic, haa klee], adv. Actually, unquestionably. [Aay aa klee kaech-n wai um een úz an,] I actually

caught him with them in his hand. [Dhu Uulifuns bee gwain tu juump oa vur dh-uur‍dl, dhai aaklee bee,] the elephants are going to jump over the hurdle, they are actually; said in describing a flaming circus placard.

ACT [aa k(t)], v. 1. To do.

[Haut bee aakteen oa?], is the common way of asking-What are you doing? or, What are you up to?

2. To pretend, to simulate, to sham.

[Ee aak baeud un zoa dhai lat un goo,] he pretended to be ill, and so they let him go. [Kraa ftee oal kauk, ee kn aak dh-oal soa jur su wuul-z waun yuur-n dhae'ur,] crafty old cock; he can act the old soldier as well as one here and there; i. e. perform the tricks usually credited to old soldiers.

Speaking of an old dog which was going along limping, a keeper said: He idn on'y acting lame; he always do, hon he reckonth he've ado'd enough -i. e. pretending lameness.-Dec. 24, 1883.

AD! [ad]. A quasi oath. One of those half-apologetic words like Gor! Gad! Gar! which vulgar people use thoughtlessly, but who would be shocked to be told they swore. Ad zooks! ad zounds! are very common. See Exmoor Scold. ll. 17, 72, 85, 93.

ADAM AND EVE [Ad-um-un-eev]. -Orchis mascula (very com.).

2. Wild arum-Arum maculatum.

ADAM'S APPLE. See EVE'S APPLE.

1. The plant wild orchis

ADAM'S WINE [Ad'umz wuyn]. Water; never called Adam's

Ale.

ADDER'S TONGUE [ad'urz tuung]. Wild maculatum.

arum-Arum

ADDICK [ad ik]. Whether this means adder or haddock, or what besides, I do not know, but it is the deafest creature known.

[Su dee'f-s u adik,] is the commonest superlative of deaf, and is heard more frequently than [dee'f-s u paus] (post).

Thart so deeve as a Haddick in chongy weather.

ADDLE [ad l], sb. A tumour or abscess.

Ex. Scold. 1. 123.

[Ee-v u-gaut u guurt ad'l pun uz nak, su beg-z u ain ag,] he has a great tumour on his neck as large as a hen's egg.

7. To render putrid. Hens which sit badly are said to addle their eggs. [Nauyz unuuf vur t-ad·l úneebau-deez braa'ynz,] noise enough to addle one's brains.

ADDLED EGGS [ad·l igz, ad·l agz], are those which have been sat upon without producing chickens.

ADDLE-HEAD [adl aid]. Epithet implying stupidity.

ADDLE HEADED [adl aidud]. Confused, thoughtless, stupid.

ADOOD [u-dùe'd]. Done; p. prt. of do.

There is another p. part, [u-duund,] but they are not used indiscriminately; the first is transitive, the second intrans. To an inquiry when some repair will be completed, would be said: [T-1 aul bee u-dùed gin maaru nait,] it will all be done by to-morrow night. On the other hand it would be said: [Dhai ad-n u-duund haun aay kaum,] they had not done, i. e. finished, when I arrived.

ADVANCE [udvaa'ns], reflective v. oneself forward in an intrusive manner.

Used in the sense of putting

[Waut shud ee' udvaa'ns ee‘z-zuul vaur?] what should he push himself forward for? A good singing-bird was thus described to the writer [Ee dùe udvaa'ns úz·zuul su boal-z u luy⚫unt,] he does come forward (in the cage) as boldly as a lion.

AFEARD [ufee'urd], part. adj. Afraid, frightened. [Waut bee ufee urd oa?] what are you afraid of? (Very com.) This old word, so long obsolete, is creeping back into modern literature. Territus, perterritus (turbatus, perturb

Aferde (or trobelid, K. H. P.). atus, K. P.).—Promp. Parv.

Wat wendest pou now so me a-fere: pov art an hastif man.

Sir Ferumbras, 1. 387.

Ich was aferd of hure face, thauh hue faire were.

Piers Plowman, ii. 1. 10.

It semep þat syche prelatis & newe religious ben a-ferd of cristis gospel. Wyclif, Works, p. 59.

Be ze not a-ferd of hem that sleen the bodi.-Luke xii. 4. (Wyclif vers.) AFFORD [uvoo'urd]. Used in selling. [Aay kaa'n uvoo urd-n t-ee vur dhaat dhaeur,] I cannot afford it to you for that (price).

AFFURNT [fuurnt] v. a. To offend, to affront.

[Wautúv ur ee du due, doan ee fuurnt-n,] whatever you do, do not affront him, is very common advice given by a father to a son going to a new master.

AFTER [aa'dr], adv. Even with, alongside of. say, in speaking of thrashing corn by steam-power:

I heard a man

[Dhu eenjún wain zu vaa's, wuz foo'us vur t-ae'u tùe vur t-an dhu shee'z-wau'n kèod-n nuuth'een nee'ur keep aup aa dr,] the engine went so fast, (we) were obliged to have two (men) to hand the sheaves-one could not nearly keep up after-i. e. the supply even with the demand. With any verb of motion it means to fetch -[zain aa'dr, goo aa'dr, uurn aa'dr',] send, go, run-to fetch.

AFTER A BIT [aa'dr u beet, aa dr beet], adv. phr. In a little

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