28. Helpings, governings. Change to represent more nearly the active forms ἀντιλήψεις, κυβερνήσεις.

31. Moreover. This translation seems to express the meaning of r more clearly than 'yet,' which might be introductory of an antithesis. The Apostle seems to say that beside the λos, which he commends and inculcates in this verse, he is about to display to his converts something still more worthy of their notice and imitation.

Ch. xiii. 3. Give away. in food. In the translation of the verb wuilo we were not perfectly unanimous. On the one side it was urged that the primary meaning of the word, and the absence of an accus. persona (as found in Numb. xi. 5; Deut. viii. 3, 16; xxxii. 13; Isaiah lviii. 14; Jerem. ix. 15; xxiii. 15; comp. Rom. xii. 20) seemed to suggest the translation 'dole out . . . in food.' On the other side, it was felt by the majority that the use of the verb in the LXX. as a translation of ", its correspondence to Torilo, Rom. 1. c., and the apparent easiness of the transition from the idea of 'feeding with small fragmentary portions' to the more general idea of 'giving away in food,' were reasons sufficient to justify a departure from the primary meaning, which was judged by some of us not congenial with the spirit of the

context.

8. Done away. We have adopted this translation of καταρ yéw as the only one that seems to us to convey the exact force of the word in the present passage, and which could be used in every place. It seemed important to use the same English word throughout. Modern idiom would insert with,' but here the addition is scarcely admissible.

11. Reasoned. A more exact translation than 'thought' (A. V.) is especially called for in this passage, where there appears to be a species of climax, ἐλάλουν, ἐφρόνουν, ἐλογιζόμην.

Ib. Now that I am become a man, I have, &c. More exact

than A.V., as preserving the force of the perfects, and avoiding the idea that the 'becoming a man,' and 'doing away, &c.,' were definite occurrences which took place at definite times.

12. Know fully. In the compound iπıyıуvúσкw there seems always an idea of 'accurate knowledge' ('erkenntniss,' Germ.). In some passages this idea rather recedes into the background, but in the present, as the context suggests, it is not to be overlooked.

Ch. xiv. 1. Desire earnestly. The A.V. 'desire' is hardly strong enough: see Ch. xii. 31.

8. For if the trumpet also. See note on Ch. v. 7.

15. But I will pray. Here the case seems the converse of that noticed in Ch. xiii. 13, the oppositive force of d being required by the context. The Apostle says that he will not only pray with his spirit, which, as verse 14 shows, might leave the understanding unedified, but with the understanding also.

16. Private person. The original (idiúrns) is not an easy word to translate. At any rate the present rendering seems preferable to unlearned,' as this latter word expresses what might have been the case in certain instances, but was not necessarily so in all. Compared with the possessors of spiritual gifts, the hearer, whoever he was, was, so to say, a 'layman.'

20. Full-grown men. Strengthened translation, for the purpose of retaining the idea of completed growth ('adulti'), which the context shows is involved here in the use of TéλELOL.

23. Met together. The further idea expressed in the A.V., 'in one place,' is not required by the terms of the original.

29. Of prophets. Put slightly forward, to mark the transition of the Apostle to another point of Christian discipline on which he had been consulted.

30. Sitting by. The A. V. is grammatically inexact, there being no article in the original.

32. Moreover. See note on Ch. xiii. 13.

37. Lord's commandment. See note on Ch. ii. 7.

Ch. xv. 2. In what words, &c. Transposition for the sake of keeping rò tvayyéλov, and the relatival clauses depending on it, in immediate connexion, our opinion being that rin λόγῳ κ.τ.λ. is not to be connected with εἰ κατέχετε, but with the leading member of verse 1.

2. Are being saved. See note on Ch. i. 18.

17. Risen. It seems desirable to retain the same medial translation as in verse 14.

24. Done away. See note on Ch. xiii. 8.

28. Shall be subject. The aorist and future pass. are in the N. T. not uncommonly medial or neutral in meaning, and point less to the action than to the state resulting from it; comp. Acts v. 36, 1 Tim. vi. 10, 1 Pet. v. 6, and see Winer, Gr. § 39. 2 (ed. 6).

29. For the dead? If the dead. . . . This punctuation has been adopted by several recent editors, and seems to be required by the argument. The same may be said of verse 32, in which the sense is still more benefited by the alteration in the stopping.

31. Day by day. Put prominently forward to preserve the collocation and convey the emphasis of the original.

Ib. Which I have of you. Here, though we retain the reading of Steph. Erépar, we have almost expressed the reading of Elz. ἡμέτεραν, feeling that ὑμετέραν is in fact equivalent to gen. objecti, about you,' 'concerning you.'

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36. Thou thyself. The insertion of the nominative pronoun in the original should, where possible, be marked in translation. It gives here a force to the sort of' argumentum

ad hominem,' and places vividly before the supposed opponent the result of his own experiences.

42. It riseth. We prefer the medial translation as most consistent with the use of the verb throughout the chapter. 58. Knowing. The causal translation adopted in the A.V. is perhaps somewhat too heavy. The exact translation seems to be 'knowing as ye do,' and to this the translation in our text may be considered a sufficiently near approximation.

Ch. xvi. 3. Send with letters. We have here followed the Greek commentators, and connect d'orov not with δοκιμάσητε, but with τούτους πέμψω, to which it is prefixed with a slight antithetical prominence. The Apostle is already contemplating the possibility of going himself, and hence throws some stress on the other alternative.

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7. Some time. The original xpóvov Twà is scarcely represented by a while,' which, at any rate, in modern English, seems only to imply a short time. The contrast is v παρόδῳ.

12. And it was not. It must always be considered a very doubtful mode of translation to give kai an antithetical or oppositive meaning. Even in such passages as 1 Thess. ii. 18, καὶ ἐνέκοψεν ἡμᾶς ὁ Σατανᾶς, καὶ is still only the simple copula, 'we would fain have come, and -Satan hindered us.' The contrast does not lie in the particle, but in the context.

19. Together with. Compare notes on Ch. i. 2.

22. The Lord cometh. It seems a clear gain to translate these Aramaic words, and to obviate the mistake into which most readers fall, of imagining that anathema maranatha' are only combined words expressive of a formula of excommunication.

SECOND EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS.

Ch. i. 5. Through Christ. Placed forward, in accordance with the original, for the sake of emphasis.

1b. Comfort. We have retained the same translation of Tapákλnoiç throughout the passage, not judging it faithful to vary the translation in a context in which the substantive in question is a key-word. The Greek ear, however, seems to have been more tolerant of a repetition of the same word than the ear of modern times, and in some cases even to have preferred it.

7. Our hope is steadfast. There seems no reason for departing, as the A.V. has done, from the order of the Greek.

11. On our behalf. These words, as the order of the original seems clearly to indicate, must be joined not with. the substantive but the participle.

The translation of the rest of the verse is by no means easy. After much consideration, we have decided on retaining the construction adopted by A.V., according to which ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων is connected with εὐχαριστηθῇ as indicating the origin of the εὐχαριστία, and τὸ εἰς ἡμᾶς χάρισμα διὰ πολλῶν regarded as a sort of compound substantive, the repetition of the article before dià Todd not being necessary in the dialect of the N.T., except where it is the object of the sacred writer to distinguish and specify.

12. Glorying. We have had some difficulty in the translation of καυχάσθαι and καύχησις. Our first feeling was that faithfulness required us in all cases to adopt the translation 'boast' and 'boasting.' Finding, however, that there were passages in which this meaning would have seemed strained and perhaps objectionable, we have used the more dignified synonym 'glorying,' reserving the stronger and coarser word