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simple, in which case, i would petition your hon- the unwearied perseverance, untiring industry, and of the tree, being frequently wetted with the same ourable body to exempt them from the operation of botanical research of the memorialist. In the fur- water, so as to retain them in a properly moistened the law of escheat. I would, besides, give them therance of his views, he visited France a few years state. But it is always best, if possible, to immerse such facilities to commence their establishments as ago, at a very considerable expense; and on his re- the plant. Shoots, sprigs, slips, and roots, are to might be proper There is no doubt, but a great turn, he presented to his adopted country, two hun- be treated in a similar manner. If plants thus treatnumber of honest and industrious persons could be dred and sixty four varieties of the vine, as a testi-ed be not restored in four hours, their death may be procured on some such terms, and that their sucmonial of gratitude for the political blessings he considered as certain, for they cannot be recalled to cess would induce many of their friends to join enjoyed. Since that period, he has laboured zea- life by any artificial means. They should, consethem; some of them with ample means and eco-lously in his vocation, and from present indications, quently, never be left more than four hours in the nomical habits, who would form large and useful South Carolina will yet have ample cause to rank camphorated bath; because the exciting action of establishments. The current once directed to our the memorialist among her distinguished benefactors. the camphor, when it is continued for a longer pesouthern states, there is every probability that it Impressed with this conviction, the committee can- riod, may injure the plants instead of doing good to would continue to flow spontaneously; and the ef not restrain the expression of their regret, that the them. It is not necessary to say, that the final prosfect of this would most undoubtedly be that, in a few present financial condition of the state will deter perity of the plants, thus reanimated by the camyears, this land, now a desert, would be compara-them from recommending, at this session, any ap- phor water, must depend upon the particular protively thickly populated; would yield to individuals, propriation in aid of the highly commendable and perties of the former, the state of their roots, and productions of immense value, in every point of benevolent scheme of the memorialist. They there- the pains that are taken with them. The camphor view, and to our state incalculable advantages. fore beg leave to submit the following resolution, produces no other effect than to restore life to plants If your memorialist can be, in any manner, in- to wit: nearly dead; after that, all proceeds according to strumental in producing such a desirable state of Resolved, That it is expedient to encourage the the ordinary habits, and their ultimate state must things, he begs leave to assure you, that his ex-cultivation of the vine in this state, but that the be left to art and nature. [Journal of Science. ertions will not be wanting, and he truly believes condition of the treasury will not authorise the apthat his experience in the culture of the vine, and propriation of money for that purpose at this time. the making of wine in this country, sufficiently WHITEMARSH B. SEABROOK, warrant him in thus making the proffer of his best services.

If you think proper, gentlemen, to honour this paper with your notice, I shall, with great readiness and pleasure, communicate to you, through your committees, (or in any other manner you may choose to direct,) any further information or explanation you may require.

I am, with great respect, gentlemen,
Your fellow citizen,

N. HERBEMONT.

Chairman.

REVIVING PLANTS-INQUIRY.

J. S. SKINner, Esq.

Backwoods, Dec. 18, 1827.

SILK.

EXTRACT TO THE EDITOR, FROM

Washington, Dec. 3, 1827. "From Mr. Rush I learn, that the report on the production of silk is nearly ready, and will be full of valuable matter. In half a century, the raising of Sir,-1 herewith send you a paragraph cut from silk will be as important a branch of agricultural ina newspaper, on the subject of reviving plants. Idustry as that of cotton. The extraordinary durado not recollect having seen it in the American Far- bility of silk, combined with its beauty, and the famer, and if you consider it worthy, you may re-into extensive use, and I cherish the hope that large cility with which it may be produced, will bring it cord it. I wish to inquire of your horticultural correspondents, whether any of them have made a fair trial at budding or grafting any of the species of domestic cherries upon the wild cherry.

W. B. W.

quantities will be exported."

INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT.

(From the Baltimore American.)
RAIL ROAD SURVEYS.

We have accounts from Frederick which men

weather for some time past. It is understood that one party which had been engaged in surveying the passes of the Mountain at Harman's Gap and its neighbourhood had reached Williamsport, and there suspended their operations for the season.-On Saturday last one party was engaged between Frederick and the Potomac, and another in the valley of Bush creek; a third party was understood to be in the neighborhood of Sam's creek. We learn that all the parties expected to finish their surveys for the present season within a day or two. Several of the officers are said to have suffered to a considerable degree from being frosted, and other indisposition produced by the severe exposure to which they have been subject. We have not obtained any satisfactory information from the conversation of the officers, which of the two routes surveyed seems entitled to the preference, as they are very cautious in expressing any opinion on this subject. All that we can learn is that they have met with nothing to discourage them, the surveys having shewn more facilities for the construction of the work, than they were aware of.

The committee on agriculture, to whom was referred the memorial of N. Herbemont, beg leave to report, That among the means calculated to adThis cherry is what I suppose some call the vance the agricultural interest of South Carolina, bird cherry. (Prunus virginica) The fruit is about the subject to which the memorialist has invited the size of the largest pea, and the tree springs up the attention of the legislature, is one of the most in great abundance in the corners of fences and all important and interesting. The depreciation in the other uncultivated spots that have been divested of value of cotton; the improbability of any future the forest timber. It is a very smooth and thrifty tion that several parties of the Engineers of the Rail amelioration in the price of that commodity; the tree, and if adapted as a stock for domestic cher- Road have been actively engaged in that neighboradmirable adaptation of an immense area of theries, it will be a very valuable acquisition for horti-hood, notwithstanding the inclement state of the lands of the state to the culture of the vine; the culturists in many parts of the United States. I full and satisfactory experiments in reference to this hope this will be noticed by your correspondents, new branch of industry, all concur to favour the and the desired information given. belief, that the period has arrived when the compeRespectfully, your humble serv't, tent authorities should inquire, whether our agricultural products shall continue to descend in the Method of Reviving Plants. scale of value, or whether it is not expedient to di- This is called a proper method of reviving plants, vert, by legislative bounty, a portion of the capital when their leaves and buds are faded, and their now engaged in unprofitable labour, and direct it bark and roots hard, and nearly dry, by M. de where it can be more advantageously employed? Droste, of Hulrhof The directions are, to dissolve The landed capital of South Carolina is, in effect, camphor by saturation in alcohol, adding the forsmaller than any state in the union. Of about mer until it remains solid at the bottom; a sufficient 16 000,000 of acres, which its territorial limits em quantity of rain or river water is then to have the brace, there are less than 1,300,000 actually cul-alcoholic solution added to it, in the proportion of tivated. It is conceded that the state furnishes at four drops to one ounce of water. As the camphor least 5,000,000 of acres, which, if not subjected to comes in contact with the water, it will form a thin, the raising of the vine, is, perhaps, destined to per-solid film, which is to be well beaten up with the petual sterility, with regard to the known produc tions of our country. It is on such land, valued at from ten cents to five dollars an acre, that the memorialist realized, the present and past years, at the rate of 300 gallons per acre, of wine, for which he has readily commanded $2 per gallon. Admitting that a reduction in price will necessarily result from its extended cultivation, and that the period will arrive when domestic wines will be vended at twenty five cents a gallon, yet retrospective considerations induce the committee to infer, that it would then be viewed as one of the most profitable investments of capital. To say that every effort which may be used to bring about this desirable state of things, is laudable and patriotic, is but to flatter at the expense of words. The public attention has been literally forced to this subject of general interest, by

water in small flocculi, but will ultimately combine
with the fluid and disappear.

Extract of a letter to the editor of the Baltimore Ga

Plants which had been removed from the earth, and have suffered by a journey or otherwise, should be plunged into this camphorated water, so that they may be entirely covered; in about two, or at most three hours, the contracted leaves will expand again, the young faded and dependent shoots will zette, dated Frederick, Dec. 30th, 1827. erect themselves, and the dried bark will become "Several parties of the Engineers engaged in the smooth and full. That being effected, the plant is surveys of the Rail Road, have been for several days to be placed in good earth, copiously watered with in this neighborhood, and have been industriously rain or river water, and protected from the too pow-employed, notwithstanding the severity of the weaerful action of the sun, until the roots have taken hold of the ground.

When large plants, as trees, are to be revived, their roots are to be plunged into the camphorated water for three hours; the trunk, and even the head

ther. Capt. McNeill and Dr. Howard, are at present here, and from them we learn, that they expected to finish the surveys for the season, in the course of to-day and to-morrow. One of the brigades had completed several days ago, the examination of a

calculated to influence the conduct, but, as a con-
tinual source of consolation and support in trouble
and danger.
It is to be remembered. that religious instruction
is not to be forced upon children; wisdom is requir-
ed in communicating it to them, that we may give
them "food convenient" for them, nourishing them,
the word, that they may grow thereby;" making the
best use of the natural and gradual opening of their
understandings: and we may acknowledge, with
thankfulness, that there is something in the human
mind which answers to the most simple and sacred
truths. The mind of man seems formed to receive

ine from the Monocacy to Williamsport, crossing of internal improvement, the result of all which, as he mountain at Harman's Gap-another brigade far as we can learn is, that after giving an account was expected to reach the Potomac to-day, near the of the surveys that have been made, and some genPoint of rocks, forming the continuation of the south-eral views of the subject, they inform the legisla ermost line examined. One of the lines passes at ture that they have done but little-the reason of the edge of this city near the Catholic church. which, they say is, that the general government We cannot learn from the Engineers which line have kindly taken all the trouble off their hands, they are likely to prefer: they will all return to and relieved the state from all the expense-a re-not with strong meat, but with "the sincere milk of quarters in a few days to arrange and digest the ma-port, we presume, that will be well received on all terials they have accumulated, leaving to the spring the prosecution of some necessary surveys, such as that by Liters and Cramton's Gap, that by Bennett's creek, and also the surveys necessary to fix the exact location of the road."

The following letter is on a subject which will obtain for it an attentive perusal and consideration. We are promised a particular statement of the a

hands."

LADIES' DEPARTMENT.

(From Hints for the Improvement of early Education the idea of Him who gave it being. A premature and Nursery Discipline.)

RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION.
(Concluded from page 326.)

accuracy of religious knowledge is not to be desired with children: but that the views of divine truth which they receive should be sound and scriptuAlthough we would not lessen the value of other ral, and be so communicated as to touch the conmount of merchandize, and the number of passen- means of instruction, it is evident that the most im-science. If the conscience be touched, if the fear gers, which are annually in transit between the Po-portant and purest source of religious knowledge of God be excited, a fear to offend him; a dread of tomac and Baltimore:is the simple, unprejudiced study of the Bible. If sin; there is something to work upon, and a foundaExtract of a letter received from a gentleman of Prince we take the scriptures in their regular order, omit- tion is laid for advancement in religion, as the chaGeorge's County. ting only those parts which are above the compre-racter ripens. But we are not to forget the general Among the valuable improvements which have hension of children, they will supply "that which is balance of scripture, or to give force to one part by been suggested to advance your city, it is surprising able to make them wise unto salvation:" every chris-overlooking another. Thus, in our endeavours to that some attention has not been bestowed on the tian doctrine, every important precept, will be pre- touch the conscience, and to excite a dread of sin, advantages which would result to it from a railway able opportunity for useful observations and indivi- the God of love, the God of peace, the Father of sented in succession, and will afford the most favour we must also be careful to represent our Creator as between Baltimore and Washington. After a little investigation, the facilities which exist for the con-dual application: and these will be most likely to mercies-to direct the attention of our children to struction of such a work, and the great benefits it prove beneficial when they spring naturally from that "Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of would confer, not only on the public and the coun- the subject before us, and from the lively feeling the world;" that the result of our labours may, with which it excites. Fenelon advises that we should the Divine blessing be an union of fear and love in try adjacent to its line, but also on the stockholders, would be conclusively established. not only tell children that the Bible is interesting the hearts of our pupils; that tenderness of con In the hope that this subject may attract the no- We should endeavour to make them feel the deep nor fear degenerate into religious terror, and, conand delightful, but make them feel that it is so. science should not lead to the spirit of bondage; tice of our capitalists, and be ultimately accom- interest of the narratives it contains, and the exqui- sequently, superstition. plished, I should be glad if you would refer some influential individuals to the report made to the site beauties with which it abounds. This cannot governor, in December, 1823, by the commissioners be accomplished if they read it as a task; an histoappointed to ascertain the practicability of a canal rical acquaintance with scripture is, indeed, very between the Patapsco and the Potomac; they will desirable; but it is from a taste for, and an interest find that the following highly valuable facts may be in the sacred writings, that the most important bededuced from the survey then submitted, namely:that the surface of the country is particularly faAs children are little capable of receiving abvourable for a rail-way-that it would require little stract ideas, it is probable that they will not derive much benefit from being instructed in doctrines seexpenditure for cutting or embanking-that in only two places would deep cuts be necessary, neither parate from facts-by facts we may convey a strong of which would exceed in length half a mile, or in and simple view of the most important truths of depth at their summits, twenty-five feet-that for christianity. If, for example, we can represent in twelve miles the road would be perfectly level, and lively colours to their imaginations, the beautiful the remainder of it would not, any where, rise more history of our Lord calming the storm when "the than fifteen feet in the mile-and that its length tier than the noise of many waters," they will imwaves beat into the ship," and his voice was "migh would not be greater than the present hilly and ex-bibe a stronger and more practical sense of his pensive turnpike. As to the profits of the enterprise, it can be shown power, than could have been imparted to them that without any increase beyond the present trans-by any bare statement of it. We shall also best portation between the two cities, of persons, merchandise or produce, it would yield a great revenue; not less than fifteen per cent. on the probable investment-estimating the cost of the work at twelve thousand dollars per mile. But the saving in time and expense would, as in all other cases, vastly increase such transportation, to the extent, I have no doubt, of three fold; especially when the great Ohio rail-road shall be completed.

nefits are to be derived.

eternal life.

In the minds of many people, from the want of this early judicious care, religion and superstition, quite unknown to themselves, have become strangely interwoven. They surrender themselves to superstitious or enthusiastic impressions, because they do not distinguish them from the voice of truth, and feelings of piety; but enlightened religion is, in fact, in direct opposition to superstition: they are as different as light from darkness; for superstition quits the solid ground of revealed truth, and forms conceptions for itself, of what the will of God may be towards his creatures.

But it should be our ob

ject to give to children a scriptural, and therefore a reasonable and healthful view of religion; to guard to prepare them for the reception of "the spirit of them against all that is erroneous and morbid, and power, of love, and of a sound mind."

ends in acquiring religious knowledge. At the same time, any tendency to a critical, cavilling disposition, is to be uniformly discouraged; nor is it of small importance that children should be guarded against the influence of those from whom they may

The curiosity so natural to children is not to be hastily repressed, on religious subjects; we are rabe able to impress upon their minds his infinite ther to direct than reprove it, remembering that, compassion towards us by reading or relating them, within due bounds, the exercise of the natural powso as to realize the transactions, and interest the ers may be made subservient to the most important feelings, such narratives as those of our Lord's taking the infants in his arms and blessing them; of his raising the widow's son, of his healing the lunatic child, and lastly, of his suffering and dying for our sakes, that we might be made the heirs of imbibe such a habit of mind. As their understandIt is of great importance that all religious instruc-ings improve, they may be led to consider the infinite distance between God and man-that "He is they are taught that God is their Creator and the high and lofty one that inhabiteth eternity," Preserver, it is that we may obey, love and adore whilst man is like "a shadow that declineth," or as Him; if, that Christ is their Saviour, it is that they the grass of the field, which "in the morning floumay love him, give themselves up to him, and trust risheth and groweth up, but in the evening is cut in the conditions he has prescribed for forgiveness down and withereth," that we see only the smallest and salvation. If, that the Holy Spirit is promised part of the works of God; and of that small part for their direction, it is that they should beware of much is to us incomprehensible;—but that, great as grieving that secret guide, which will lead them out he is, his love extends to the meanest of his creaof evil, will enable them to bring forth the fruits of tures; that, for man he has provided eternal happirighteousness, and prepare them for a state of bles-ness; and that, in the scriptures, he has been pleassedness hereafter. The omnipresence of God should, ed to reveal all that is necessary for us to know and also, be strongly and practically impressed upon believe, in order to attain it. That we are, therethe mind in early life, not only as a truth peculiarly fore, to approach these treasuries of heavenly know

I do not deem it necessary to enter into any minute details, as your own experience and observation be given to children with reference to practice. tion will, I dare say, confirm my views. I will only add, that I feel extremely anxious to see a work of this kind commenced; its advantages would be in calculable to Prince George's county, and the planters on both sides of the Potomac, presenting to them a choice of markets, and to the District, a facility in receiving and affording supplies.

The Easton Gazette of Saturday last says: "The Board of Public Works have just had a meeting at Annapolis, and we learn that they have prepared a eport for the General Assembly, upon the subject

ledge, with no expectation of finding every difficul- in the city of Rome, a single instance of divorce more athletic men, and better cavalry. Why is it ty solved, or all made clear to our weak and narrow inent during the whole space of five hundred years, that this most exhilirating pastime has declined understandings; but, with a humble and teachable though the law had put it in the power of the hus- with other field sports? Of all others, it is undisposition, for spiritual food, and for spiritual life: band to repudiate his wife almost at pleasure. doubtedly the most healthful and manly. There knowing that "the secret things belong unto the Unfortunately for the Roman republic, and espe- are objections to racing, fishing, &c. which do not Lord our God; but those things which are revealed cially the female part of it, a great and splendid apply to hunting with the pointer or the hound. My belong unto us and to our children for ever, that we event quite changed the morals, the taste, and the neighbour, old Mr. Nimrod, who has followed his may do" them. If we attempt to explain the deep habitsy of the whole of the country. One hundred hounds, man and boy, for fifty years, tells me that mysteries of religion further than the scripture has and ninety years before the Christian era, the Ro- in England large monthly magazines, dedicated enexplained them, we shall be more likely to degrade mans, for the first time, entered into Asia with an tirely to the detail of rural sports, meet with wide what is most sacred, and perplex the mind, than to army, which, under Scipio, defeated and conquered circulation and splendid patronage. enlighten the understanding, or elevate the affec Antiochus, the Great King of Syria: and from tions. thence they brought home such a taste for the luxuries of the East, as promoted and hastened the ruin of the commonwealth, and in no way more directly, than by a practical forbiddance of marriage.

MR. SKINNER,

BUCKMINSTER'S SERMONS. January 1, 1828. The very beautiful passage under the head of The Roman women, once so plain, frugal and in "Mothers," in No. 37, vol. 9, is taken, I find, from dustrious, became enamoured of the costly finery Buckminster's Sermons, page 361-a volume which that was brought from the East. One of them, ought to be found in every family. Mr. Walsh, in named Lullia Paulina, when dressed in all her jew his article on American biography (Am. Quar. Rev. els, is said to have worn to the value of three hunNo 1,) says: "The volume of Buckminster's ser-dred and thirty-two thousand pounds sterling. And mons, edited by his friend the Rev. Sam'l C. Thach- though this was the most extraordinary instance of er, and prefaced with an elegant and pathetic no- the time, yet it is reasonable to suppose, that of the tice, deserves a high place among American pro- rest of the ladies every one strove to get as near ductions. Buckminster was cut off in an early stage the top of the fashion as she could, and that with of usefulness and honour, (and he died at the age all the females, who thought any thing of themof 28,) and his biographer, whose excellent sermons selves, the rage was to be fine and fashionable. have also been collected into a volume, accompa- This new order of things, while it precipitated nied by an ample biographical memoir (from the gifted pen of the Rev. F. W. Greenwood,) fell likewise prematurely into the grave prepared by his devotion to learning and the ministry. We had the advantage" continues Mr. Walsh, "of a personal acquaintance with both those pious and accomplish ed victims. Even strangers, of any sensibility, could scarcely peruse the zealous narratives of their lives and virtues, in connexion with their literary remains, without being touched with lively regret for the double loss, and tenderness for so exemplary and hapless a union."

I do not think it possible to present to your fair readers a more beautiful "New Year's gift" than the following extract from Mr. Buckminster's discourse on the influence of the gospel on the character and condition of the female sex.

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"Sensibility degenerates into weakness, and religious awe into superstition, in your sex, oftener, perhaps, than in ours; yet, with all these dangers, and inconveniences, I believe, that, if christianity should be compelled to flee from the mansions of the great, the academies of the philoso phers, the halls of legislators, or the throng of busy men, we should find her last and purest retreat with woman at the fireside; her last altar would be the female heart; her last audience would be the

children gathered round the knees of a mother; her last sacrifice, the secret prayer escaping, in silence, from her lips,and heard, perhaps, only at the throne of God."

ANCIENT ROMANS.

the republic into the abyss of ruin, brought marriage almost into disuse; insomuch that Augustus, the first Roman emperor, finding among the men a general disinclination to marry, was fain to pass severe penal laws to enforce them, as it were, into the bonds of matrimony-but it was to little purpose. Despot and tyrant as he was, he found it impossible to compel the bachelors to marry, as Peter the first long since did, to compel the Russians to shave off their beards.

Do you hear, brother sportsmen, the sound of the horn,

And yet the sweet pleasure decline?
For shame! rouse your senses; and ere it is morn,
With me the sweet melody join.
MR. SKINNER,

I read little, and write less.-The National IntelThe Roman Republicans were plain men, accus-ligencer, the American Farmer, the Almanac, an tomed to daily labour, and quite unaccustomed to old broken set of the Spectator that belonged to finery of apparel or luxury of living. A Roman of even noble blood tilled his little field with his own hands, and was proud of tilling it with superior in dustry and skill; whilst his lady, if lady she might be called, made it her chief ambition to be an excellent housewife. While this state of things last ed, and a long time it did last, the Romans were eager enough to get themselves wives. They married generally and they married young; for they thought and well they might, that whoso found a wife, found a good thing-a real helpmate, as well as a dear and faithful companion. And what is singularly remarkable, if true, it is recorded by a Roman historian, that there had not been known,

my great grandfather, an old family Bible, and
Shinn on Salvation-make up my library. You
will not think it much to my credit, but the truth
must be told, that although a farmer, and my land
rather the worse for wear, my sheep a little ragged,
my cattle none of the best, and my horses often on
the wrong side of the fence, the Sporting Olio is
that portion of your paper which first attracts my
notice. With the various incidents and anecdotes
it contains, I am much amused; but regret to find
that you have so few correspondents on that most
manly of all rural sports, Fox HUNTING. I am per-
suaded, that if that were followed in the leisure
season of winter, it would give us stronger and

It is not, perhaps, that there are not in our country as many good riders and good shots as in any other, that we do not hear more of their achievements; nor would it, one would think, be difficult to find gentlemen willing to beguile a leisure moment in detailing them; the difficulty, we should hope, has consisted in not having a regular channel or repository for recording them. I rejoice, therefore, that you have consented to assign a few of your 24 weekly columns to those who may have the generous disposition to interchange with their brother sportsmen a view of their field notes from their respective sporting journals.

Ön fox-hunting, I can point you within the range of my own personal observation, to sources from which you might derive materials abundant and highly entertaining, to fill up weekly during the season, one column at least of your sporting olio. There are at this time at active work, several packs of staunch hounds, that, if the country was equally favourable, would do their work in as quick time and as good style as Lord Petre's or Lord Paget's, or any other Lord's pack in Old England. My words will be made good, if you can get any of the gentlemen, members of these respective hunts, to give you a brief sketch of each day's work; but let it be understood that he is to give the blank days, and the bad days, as well as the most successful and brilliant. At present, I will name only the Fairfax hunt, the Washington hunt, the Belle-Air hunt, the Annapolis and South river hunt, the Garrison Forest hunt, the Lower Marlborough hunt, the Centreville bunt, and the Baltimore hunt. The performances of these packs, candidly stated and published, would be amusing to all parties, and would stimulate all to improve their dogs and horses in foot and wind. Let the name of every gentleman be given who takes the brush for the day, especially if he rides at the tail of his dogs; for they are too often taken by those who do not ride at all-who lie by to watch for the rush when the fox is sinking, without any merit but that of happening to be near when the dogs are running into their game.

I have written you a long saw, Mr. Editor, intending only to suggest that you should endeavour to prevail upon some member of these and other hunts, to give you short notes of each day's sport. In my next I may say something to you of the character of the respective packs here referred to, from the slight knowledge I have of them. The Washington pack has probably mouthed the greatest number of foxes this season; but they have been almost all greys.

The Washington pack consisted last season of about seven couple of topping red fox dogs-with old Rattler (sirnamed Industry,) to strike the trail afar off-old Juno to lead and run close upon a hot scent, and Slim always at hand, with his cold nose, to hit it off at a loss upon a dry road-with a good break and a tolerable day, he must be a "sly reynard," that did not give up the ghost in two hours. But it is reported that for wide and rapid circling, and ardour in pushing ahead upon a red, they have been injured by running and killing greys exclusively in the commencement of the present seasonscarcely one of these has stood up for an hour.

The President of that hunt is, in soul and countenance, a genuine sportsman of the old school, fond alike of his line and his basket—his dog and his gun

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by capital invested and worked with the utmost skill and industry in land, live stock, &c.

-his horse and his hound-each in its season, and I believe indispensable. There never was, nor ever worthy of the first niche in any temple dedicated to will be, a horse of any great performance, that was This does not consist generosity and all the manly virtues. I wish I could very tight about the vitals. The remarks of Mr. Macomb, published in this send you his portrait, as an appropriate capital to so much in a full breast, as being deep from the wi- number, as well as every volume of this journal, shews But after this tribute of thers to the close of the ribs below. that the friends of the tariff have had free access your sporting column. truth to merit, were I to mention his name, he would *Arabian, so called of late years here, (America) to our pages, and have used them more freely than shoot me; or, what would be nearly as annoying, is any horse coming from any of the Barbary those opposed to higher duties. We should be sorhe would never more let me hear the sweet music coasts, Tunis, &c., &c.; and a horse, called an Arary to find ourselves on any side of any question, of his hounds in full cry. I saw a letter from a bian, sent a present to the President of the United where those with whom we coincided in opinion, member of that hunt to a friend, wherein, if my States, in 1803, or about that time, called the Black should be opposed to free inquiry and discussion. memory serves me, he stated in substance-"Kill-Sultan, was, in my opinion, as great a slouch as this On what subject is it possible to have too much ing one red fox in a morning is a proof of good dogs, country could produce-to be a horse, there must light? We shall take some occasion to give a speech but killing two, (as at Annapolis,) proves the pack be the form to produce strength and action. on each side during the session, which shall appear to be good in blood and well managed into the barto condense the most striking views for and against gain. I have never known the same pack kill two a question which deeply interests farmers of every reds on the same morning. Captain T****** and class. old Mr. C********* killed six red foxes in six successive days, four of which were killed on the ground and two earthed, or took to trees, and were dug or cut out; and the last day (Saturday,) they killed a grey fox after killing a red. This is the greatest success in hunting within my knowledge. Capt T. says the weather was fine as could be wished. It re

quires a good day and good ground to kill a red, unless, indeed, you by chance find a fox with a rabbit or two in his belly, and then any tolerable pack will easily kill him.

I think our dogs have killed too many grey foxes Jan. to hunt reds with success. I will advise Capt. D***** to take his dogs about twelve miles to a rough district on the Difficult creek, and shoot a few before them. There are two hills, and they are easily shot in passing the flat ground.

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Feb.

March.

May.

THE FARMER.

BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, JANUARY 4, 1828.

ALMANAC FOR 1828.

Sunday.......
Monday......
Tuesday.....

Wednesday.
Thursday...."

Friday........
Saturday.....

2 3

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

5 July.

13 14 15 16 17 18 19
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27 28 29 30 31

1 2 Aug.
3456 7 S 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
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24 25 26 27 28 29

1

8 Sept.

2 3 4 5 6 7
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
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30 31

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2 3 4 5 Oct.
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LOST-Two young Fox Hounds. They strayed off in couples about three weeks since. They are remarkably black tans—one of them has a few white hairs on the breast. In other respects, both are marked alike and very singularly in one particular, being striped with black on a yellow ground, over the fore feet and lower part of the fore legs. They are rather tall of their age, long and slim made, with long tails. Any gentleman or sportsman who may happen to meet with them, will be glad to give information, and a liberal reward will be paid to any person who may be employed to leave them with Colonel H. Amey, in Paca-street, Baltimore; by whom any information respecting them, by letter or otherwise, will be thankfully received.

BALTIMORE PRICES CURRENT. Corrected for the American Farmer, by Edward I. Willson, Commission Merchant and Planters' Agent, No. 11, Boroly's wharf. TOBACCO.--Seconds, $3.00 a 7.00-Scrubs, 4 50 a 6.50-common crop, 3.00 a 3.75-Do. red, 3.75 a 4.5014 15 16 17 18 19 20 good red, 4.50 a 5.00—Fine red, 5.50 a 8.00—Yellow

1 2 3 4 5 6 78 9 10 11 12 13

21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30

and red, 7.00 a 10.00-Yellow do. 5.50 a 10.00-Fine yellow, 10.00 a 15.00-Virginia do. 3 50 a 7.00-Rȧp34 pahannock, 3.50 a 4.00-Kentucky, 3.50 a 5.00 do. for wrapping, 6.00 a 7.00.

1 2
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18

FLOUR-white wheat family, $5.75 a 6 50-superfine 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Howard-st 4.874 a 5; city mills, 4.75; Susq. 4.621 a 4.75;

26 27 28 29 30 31

2345 6

1

CORN MEAL, bbl. 2.624 a 2 75-GRAIN, white wheat, best, .90 a 1.05-red, .80 a .90--CORN, new .40 a .43 78-RYE, 50 a.52-OATS, 24-BEANS, .60 a 1.0-Peas,. 45

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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7 8 9 10 11 12 13
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21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31

Dear Sir, I think I can see a very great change in the minds of men, respecting the difference in the value of blood, and other horses, and especially in the state of Pennsylvania. Whether there may April. be barriers to the importation of horses now, there were not some years since, I am not able to say, but it is a fact, I believe, that very few of this race of noble animals, have been imported for the last several years; that is, from England. The Arabian has been imported, in many instances, but my opinion I have before expressed to you on this subject. The genuine, or real Arabian, is of himself, insufficient in weight to accomplish the purpo- June. ses for which the horse is useful in this country, and to perfect the race, the English gentlemen of fortune get that race and cross it with their best stock-they then produce their most perfect animal for strength, performance, and beauty; and in my opinion, this is the stoek wanted in America. You may say, why then not breed from an Arabian in A resolution has passed the House of Reprethis country, direct? My answer is ready-because sentatives in Congress, to give power to the Tariff our general stock is far inferior to that of Great committee to send for persons and papers, as the Britain, which has so many crosses, all of which means of procuring the most authentic and satisfacare fine, that the probability is, that the progeny tory information as to what further legislative enwill take after sire, grandsire, great great grand-couragement shall be given to those who have insire, or the family on the side of the dam. You vested, or may wish to invest their capital in manumay say, why not breed after the side of the real factories. By the agency of committees of the dam? To this question my reply is also ready-British parliament, with similar powers, an im because the American, and especially Pennsylvania, mense mass of authentic and valuable facts and are a regular line of descendants, like the families of monarchs, and are made inferior by relationship. Now, my dear sir, if you can make any thing of this for your Farmer, I beg you to do it. They are facts, and no subject in this country deserves more attention; and if any number of gentlemen can be lieve the subject worthy their attention, and also believe me worthy of their confidence, I am willing to embark in it, in a limited way-say to advance one thousand dollars, cross old Atlantic, and select one. two, three, or as many as they may say.

General Ridgely will probably recollect the horse alluded to by my note below. One point in a horse

information has been collected, from time to time,
on the various leadin topics of political economy,
and great national concernment. Legislation, it
would seem, founded on facts thus collected, may
be more judicious and less liable to vacillation,
than when grounded on the mere exparte sugges
tions of interested memorialists; and we would sug-
gest that, whilst the committee is collecting infor-
mation in this satisfactory mode, as to the profits of
the monied capitalists, owners of factories, they
would do well to summon intelligent farmers, also, to
give evidence as to the condition and prospects of
the agriculturists; and the per cent. which is yielded

4.50-CLOVER seed, 5.00 a 5.50-TIMOTHY, 2.00 a 2.50BARLEY, 60 a 65-FLAXSEED, 90-Corros, Virginia. 10 a 101-Louisiana, .11 a .13-Alabama, 10 a 114-Missouri, .10 a .101-N. Carolina, .94 a .104-WOOL, Common, .15 a .16-wash'd,.18 a .20-half blood, .20 a 25three-quarter, .28 a 30-full do. .30 a .35-HEMP, Russia, per ton, $275--Country. dew-rotted, ton, 136 a 140-water-rotted, 170 a 190-FISH, Shad, Susquehanna, 6 a 6.50; do. do. trimmed, 6 50 a 7; Herrings, Susquehanna, bbl. 275 a 3.0)—Mackerel, 4.75 a 5.75-BACON, hams, .9 a. 124-Feathers, 26 a 28-WHISKEY, in hhds. 1st proof, 22 a 23-in bbls. 26-PORK, drove, 3.75 a 4; wagon 4.50 a 4.75; Eastern Shore 4.50 a 5-Beef, stallfed, 5; do. grass, 4.4.50.

CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. Inquiries relating to Agriculture and Rural Economy, from Captain Basil Hall, R. N.-Criticisms on a previous number and opinions on Manufacturing-Answers to Inquiries, by Thomas Massey--On Tall Corn-On the Effects of Light on Forest Trees, Direction of the branches of Trees, Hollow Trees, &c.,-On Guinea Grass, offer to furnish Seed, and progress of "American System" in the South-Memorial of N. Herbemont to the Legislature of South Carolina, on the Vine, with the Report of their Committee-Method of reviving Plants-Inquiry-Silk-Rail-road surveys-On Reminster's Sermons-Ancient Romans-Fox Huntingligious Instruction, concluded from last number-BuckValue of Blooded Horses-Almanac for 1828--Editorial-Prices.

Printed every Friday, at Five Dollars per annum, for JOHN S. SKINNER, Editor, by JOHN D. Toy, corner of St. Paul and Market-sts., where every description of printing is neatly executed.

No. 43.-VOL. 9.]

AGRICULTURE.

AMERICAN FARMER-BALTIMORE, JANUARY 11, 1828.

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nothing by the change, nay, it has gained a very ratoons. But these are comparatively light in pro-
important trait in its character, that of laying by duct, and not quite as good in colour, unless show-
cut for months without injury to the sugar.
ers are frequent and pretty heavy; and even then
the season, from a redundancy of heat and moisture,
is the most unfavourable for curing. This portion
should be kept apart for the filling of segars, the
wrappers selected from the more early cuttings. Re-
member though, that none of these cuttings are
general as to time; only the ripe plants are submit-
of cutting and curing from the commencement of
ted to the knife; consequently it becomes a series
this operation to the end of the crop, which, under
favourable circumstances, terminates with frosty
weather, and might be continued perennially, but
that it is better to plant seed anew.

The present year's crop of tobacco is not yet in market; but I am convinced that I have now by me, cured from it, as fine in size, texture, colour and fragrance, as any raised in Cuba of the same age; and I have segars manufactured from the same that want but a year's ripening, as it is called, to equal States from Cuba. James F. Clarke's segars, from the best quality usually imported into the United his last year's experimental crop, now a year old, corroborate this; and which, from their quality and quantity to the land planted, has been principally the stimulant to the considerable quantity of this tobacco raised this year in and about this city. His crop alone, from a moderate sized garden lot, a mere between-time amusement, and no capital invested, wonderful to tell, will make him above eighty thou sand segars!

Dear Sir, I send you an interesting memoir of my friend George J. F. Clarke, formerly the lien tenant governor of the province of East Florida, on the cultivation of the Spanish segar tobacco. I feel an anxiety that this paper, the production of a man of science and a practical agriculturist, shall ap pear in your very useful and widely circulating journal. From all that I have been able to learn on the subject, I do not doubt but what Mr. Clarke 3d In order to the foregoing advancement of is correct in his views. There can be no question the crop, the seed beds should be planted in Dethat the United States are paying annually several cember, on high rich soil, under the warm southern millions of dollars for West ludia productions that cover of a northern hedge or close fence; and frecan be cultivated with success in Florida. I have quently watered with a pan having a finely pierced been much gratified to perceive that the people of Now, sir, these facts being the case, of which I rose, as the heavy drops from a common rose must the South are turning their attention to other arti assure you I am experimentally satisfied, besides destroy, unless in an adhesive loamy soil, a large cles than those staples which have been almost ex having been the larger part of my life a consumer portion of so diminutive a plant, by breaking loose clusively cultivated there for the last twenty years. of this article, why should we be so bare of business their early hold in rooting. The practice of burnI discover in a paper now before me, that the Geor as we are? Why should such sums go to Cuba for ing the surface of the ground intended for seed gia legislature have taken up the subject, and a re- the purchase of their segars? The idle lots and beds, by a quantity of dry brush, just before plantport of some interest on the cultivation of the olive small suburb fields of this city would yield an income ing, is very good; that destroys a large portion of has been published. This report, compounded of sufficient to make us rich, if we but put our shoul- the seeds of grass and weeds that would come up fact and speculation, does not present the very im-ders to the wheels, and not violently either. It is with the tobacco, while the alkali of the ashes reinportant and interesting tact, that there is now culti but a light and neat exercise to make our tobacco states the measure consumed. And I would revated within the state, a considerable number of during summer; and roll our segars, in a snug cor- commend that the covering earth be taken from the olive trees, which have been, and are now bear-ner, in winter. The idle stray time of any man, not eight or ten inches below a common surface; and ing in great perfection. Upon the estate of Mrs. bound to a rigorous daily duty, would make at least sifted on to the seeds by a coarse sieve, as preferaShaw, on Cumberland island, at the mouth of St. as much by it as would support him decently. In ble to raking. Mary's river, there are thirty or forty trees from New York (I have it from good authority,) many which olives are gathered, and preserved equal to foreigners are maintained by purchasing at a time any in France, Naples, or Sicily. believe that eight pounds, the complement of a thousand segars, this fruit, which constitutes a large portion of the of tobacco that go there in bales from Cuba; this wealth of the south of France, could be raised in they manufacture, and live by the profit. How sufficient quantities to supply the whole United much more so should we, who can so easily raise, States with pickled olive and oil in Florida. The and roll, or have it rolled at a comparatively small idea of its requiring twenty years for maturity, is wholly erroneous; it may require that time in Europe, but I am informed upon the most unquestion able authority, that the tree on Cumberland island will bear fruit in seven years.

expense.

I am now collecting some facts in relation to sc veral subjects of an highly interesting character toy, they are insurmountable any how. That inventhe agriculturists of this country, with a view of ex-tions and improvements are innovations which rehibiting the advantages that Florida promises to quire the civil force of demonstration, and the aid agricultural enterprise over other portions of our

continent.

I have the honor to be,
Your most obed't serv't,

JOS. M. WHITE.

4th. When the plants are fit to set out, 3 or 4 inches high, but a small part of a seed bed are of this size, the rest remaining diminutive; and these few, in starting above the rest, have killed many, and are themselves slender in foliage and roots, from having been crowded; then in drawing them up from among the rest, their fibrous roots are, for the most part, torn off; consequently they remain sickly until To communicate the improvements I use in the others are reproduced. In a couple of weeks later culture, cutting, and manufacture of this much va- a few hundred more are fit to transplant; and so on lued article, is the primary object of this address from a bed that will finally supply eight thousand I am well aware that old habits and fixed prejudices plants, about the complement of an acre; they are are not to be shaken by one puli; and, unfortunate-in planting out from the 1st of March to the 1st of June. Here is then an unequal, ill-set, and in the major part a tardy crop; of which many die from debility and drought, for May and June are commonly our driest months, and the whole of June is occupied in replanting, shading, and watering plants that come to but little good. Now, instead of this course, as soon as the plants have a leaf of the size of a thumb nail, or less, have a piece of good ground prepared for a nursery; manured, tilled, raked and trampled out into beds three feet wide; take up the whole of the plants in sods, broken up by a trowel, as you want them; carefully shake them loose from the earth, to preserve their finer roots; and set them out in rows, two or three inches apart each way. They take root immediately at that size and in that season; a smart boy will put out, with a dibble stick a little larger than his finger, several thousands in a day; and frequent watering will rapidly increase their growth. By this method, a bed of the size and age above mentioned will yield, instead of eight, sixteen or eighteen thousand wholesome, sturdy, well rooted plants, nearly all of a size, and ready to be set in their station by the middle of March, or earlier, and the crop is set at once and take root directly. But always break up all plants from the ground, that are to be replanted, with a tool; drawing them up is ever a bad practice.

of time, to work themselves a bed. The Cuba segars, say some in opposition, are already fine. True; but I want that we, not they, should make them so, and if we can make them only as good by a less slovenly and more certain culture; by a less trouble some and more safe course of curing; by a better (From the East Florida Herald.) and more early period of manufacture, why should Mr. Editor,-Spanish segars, as they are gene- we not do so? Others advance the Cuba process rally called, are now in a fair way to become, imas sanctioned by ages. Agreed; ages, alas! of ermediately, a lucrative article in the exports of this ror, and want of competition, the soul of improveprovince. The experiments of the last summer have ment. Spain has been for centuries among the least evinced, notwithstanding the uncommon droughts informed of civilized nations. Arts; agriculture, of both, that we make as good Spanish segars as even commerce, were held in contempt; at least they do in Cuba; and, certainly, with more profit, deemed inferior pursuits, and consigned to the vulby at least the amount of duties on importation. gar. What else; then, but stubborn or passive er And why should we not exceed them in this article? We have improved on their oranges and sugar I do not hesitate to give as my opinion, that our segars generally will be intrinsically better, and that we will make more of them to the acre than they do, because of this singular mediocrity in the temperature of our climate, and that more removed from drought and deluge, and from the frequency and violence of winds. The genial influence of 2d. That it is important to the quantity, and still these is potent in our extraordinary assortment of more so to the quality, of the tobacco, to have the indigenous vegetables. And as to soil, we can make body of the crop, the first and second general cut that what we please with but little expense or la- tings, reaped in during the early part of summer. bour, for nature abundantly furnishes the means ou In a favourable season, on land well manured, and every side. Our orange trees are larger, and so are laying moderately low, it will afford two or three their fruit, and finer flavoured. Our cane has lost more general cuttings from a third or fourth suit of No. 43.-VOL. 9.

cane.

rors are to be expected from the least informed?
But in what country is it that mere mechanics and
labourers are inventors or improvers! Tangible
evidences are in my possession, offered in tribute,
pressed on none.

1st. I have ascertained, that only such intensity
and duration of frost as very rarely occurs at this
place, is capable of destroying the young plants.

5th. In setting the plants in their stations, a staff dibble four feet long, about three inches diameter below, tapering to a point, and tapering up to a convenient grip for the hand, is much preferable to a hoe or any other tool for opening the holes. This is less laborious, more expeditious, and has a decid

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