Aquilegia vulgaris. In the woods of Plas Newydd, Anglesea, on rocks by the Menai, and in the grounds at Penrhyn Castle, near Bangor. Thalictrum mìnus. On Cwm Idwal, and near Llandudno.

Ranúnculus parviflòrus. On stone fences near Bangor Ferry.

Trollias europeus. In meadows by the river Ogwan, and near the Llanberis Lakes; abundant.

Lamium amplexicaúle. Near Beaumaris.

Thymus A'cinos. On the rocks above Llandudno. -T. Calamintha. In the same place.

Scrophularia vernàlis. In the lane near Gloddaeth.

Orobanche major. Among furze near Bangor. — 0. mìnor. On the ruins of Diganwy Castle. W. W.

Hutchinsia petræ'a. On rocks and stone fences above Llandudno. Not

rare.

Lepídium hírtum. Near Bangor.

Teesdàlia nudicaúlis. By the road side on Penmanmaur. Mr. Roberts of Bangor. Sps.

Crámbe marítima. On rocks and the sea-beach at the Orms Heads and in Llandudno Bay.

Sinapis tenuifolia. On the walls of Chester.

Cheiranthus Cheiri. On the ruined castles of Conway, Beaumaris, and Carnarvon.

Arabis híspida. On Clogwyn Ddu'r Arddu, Snowden. W.W. Sps. · A. hirsuta. On stone walls near Beaumaris, and on rocks at Llandudno. Brássica oleràcea. On rocks at the Little Orms Head. Geranium lucidum. On walls near the Little Orms Head. G. pusíllum. On the coast at Beaumaris. - G. sanguíneum. About Llandudno, and on the coast between it and Conway.

Fumària capreolàta var. flòre álbo. In hedges near the Little Orms Head. This variety I never observed in the North of England, where the plant is to be met with in every hedge; but I have specimens of it gathered at Naples.

Vicia sylvática. In woods near Beaumaris.

Hippocrèpis comòsa. On the rocks above Llandudno.

Trifolium ornithopodiöìdes. On Beaumaris Green, and on the sea-coast a little to the north of the town.. - T. suffocàtum. On Beaumaris Green; abundant. T. striàtum. On the coast near Beaumaris and near Diganwy.

Medicago maculata. Near the ruins of Gogarth on the Great Orms Head.

Hieracium alpinum. On Glydyr Vor. W.W.-H. sylváticum. On Chester walls.

Hypoche'ris maculata. On rocks above Llandudno.

Epipactis latifolia, ß. Sm. Eng. Fl. Near Llandudno and Gloddaeth. W.W.-E. ensifòlia. In the wooded bank opposite the inn at Dolbadarn near Llanberis.

Càrex limòsa. Near Llanfechell, Anglesea. W. W. Sps.-C. distans. Near the Menai Bridge, Anglesea. C. binérvis. In the same place. Salix Russelliana. About Bangor. S. argéntea. On the coast towards the north of Anglesea. W.W.-S. Smithiana. Near Beaumaris. Rhodiola ròsea. On rocks on Cwm Idwal, near Twll Du. Juniperus alpina. On Glydyr Vor. Probably only a variety of J. commúnis.

Chàra grácilis. In Llyn Idwal.-C. áspera, Greville's Cryptogamic Flora. Near Holyhead, Anglesea. W.W. Sps.

Woodsia ilvénsis. Upon Glydyr Vor near Lyn-y-Cwm.

Cyathea règia. On Snowden, in a cave where copper is selected, also near Twll Du on Cwm Idwal. W.W. Sps.

VOL. II. . No. 8.

Ptèris crispa. In the Pass of Llanberis, and near the Lake Ogwan. Isoètes lacústris. In Llyn-y-Cwm, Lake Ogwan, and the Llanberis Lakes.

Diphyscium foliosum; Gymnóstomum æstivum; Anictangìum ciliàtum; Andrea alpina; Encalypta ciliata; Weíssia acùta; Trichostomum ellipticum; T. aciculàre; Dicranum flexuosum a and y.— D. adiantöìdes. On Cwm Idwal.-D. polyphyllum. Near Nant Frangon.

Orthotrichum diaphànum. On walls near Bangor Cathedral. — O. Hutchinsia. Near Nant Frangon. W.W.

Tórtula tortuosa. Near Lake Ogwan and Nant Frangon.
Bartràmia Hallèri. In the Pass of Llanberis.

Pterogònium filifórme, Neckèra crispa, N. curtipéndula, Hýpnum ruféscens, H. dimorphum. On Cwm Idwal.- H. piliferum. In the Pass of Llanberis.-H. commutàtum. In Anglesea.

Bryum Zièri. On Cwm Idwal.

Jungermánnia trichophylla, J. junipérina, J. emarginata, J. nemoròsa, alpine var. On Cwm Idwal.-J. pumila. Near Bangor. W.W.-J. concinnata. On Carnedd, Llewelyn, and Snowden, W.W.; on Cwm Idwal, and in the Pass of Llanberis.-J. inflàta. Anglesea. W.W.-J. Taylòri. Cwm Idwal. J. polyánthos. Near Bangor, Abber, and Llanberis. W.W. J. Trichómanes, J. stipulàcea. Near Llanberis. W.W.-J. barbata. In Anglesea, near Bangor and Llanberis. W.W. J. platyphylla ? lævigàta. Near Abber. W.W.-J. ciliàris. In Anglesea. W.W.-J. Hutchínsiæ. In Llanberis Pass. W.W.

Lecídea Edèri. L. silàcea. On rocks near Llanberis. — L. vesiculàris. On rocks above Llandudno.

Lecanòra gélida. On rocks in Llanberis Pass.-L. crássa. On rocks above Llandudno.

Parmèlia áquila. On rocks on the coast of Anglesea.
Gyróphora proboscidea. In Llanberis Pass.

Urceolària Achàrii, Stereocaúlon frágile, S. corallöìdes, Corniculària
pubescens. On rocks and stones in Llanberis Pass.
Endocarpon Webèri. On stones in Lake Ogwan.
Collèma nigrum. On slate rocks at Nant Frangon.
Among moss on the ruins of an old tower near Beaumaris.
Your most obedient servant,

Newcastle upon Tyne, Feb. 18.

Collèma lácerum.

NAT. JOHN WINCH.

ART. V. Natural History in Scotland.

RARE Birds shot in Dumfries-shire. -The following rare birds, of the natural family Scolopacidæ, have been killed in Dumfries-shire during the last winter. The first, Phalaropus platyrhínchus, is of rare occurrence in Great Britain, and the distribution even very limited in every part of the world. The others are more frequently found, particularly in fenny countries, and upon the English shores. In the present district they are met with once or twice in a season, either in very stormy winters, or occasionally in spring and autumn, when passing to or from their breeding quarters. Phalaropus platyrhinchus (Grey Phalarope) was shot on the shore of the Solway Firth at Preistside, parish of Ruthwell. The specimen had nearly attained its perfect winter plumage, retaining only a few black and reddish markings. Tótanus óchropus (Green Sandpiper) was shot at the foot of Skein Water, a small stream running into the Annan, where a pair have frequented for some years, and, with the last, is in the possession of John D. Murray, Esq., Murraythwaite, Dumfries-shire. It is the first time that authenticated specimens of these birds have been killed in this district.

Tótanus Glottis (Green Shank). A pair of these birds were shot on the Annan, about two miles below Jardine Hall: they frequented also the adjoining lochs of Lochmaben; and, when disturbed, immediately passed over, always nearly by the same route, to the quieter haunt, flying very high, and incessantly uttering the shrill piping whistle. They are now in the collection of Sir W. Jardine, Bart. W. J. May 21. 1829.

ART. VI. Calendar of Nature.

SCOTLAND.

DIAGRAM, showing the Motion of the Mercury in the Barometer and Thermometer, and the Dew Point obtained by the Differential Thermometer, or the mean of each, for each ten days in April and May; also the Depth of Rain in the Pluviometer, and the Quantity of Moisture evaporated from the Evaporating Gauge, for the same periods; as extracted from the

Register kept at Annat Gardens, Perthshire, N. lat. 56° 23', above the level of the sea 172 ft., and 15 miles distant from the coast, by the mean of daily observations, at 10 o'clock morning and 10 o'clock evening.

The shaded part of the columns, representing the evaporating gauge, shows the water remaining unevaporated at the end of every ten days, when the gauge was again filled to the brim; the open space from the top consequently shows the depth evaporated each period. The rain-gauge was emptied at the end of every ten days, and the shaded part of the column shows the depth of the fall of rain. The dotted line t shows the mean temperature; the line marked d shows the mean point of deposition, or the temperature at which part of the moisture held in solution in the atmosphere throughout the day began to fall in the shape of rain or dew; the double line b shows the mean height of the mercurial column in the barometer in inches and tenths. As lines representing the monthly means produce confusion, they are not inserted, and will appear in figures in the Calendar of Nature.

Diagram, showing at one view the Mean Temperature for April and May, from A.D. 1822.

By this it will be seen that the mean temperature in April of the present year is lower than in any of the seven years immediately preceding. The dotted lines show the mean temperature for April and May in each year; a shows the mean for April; and m the mean for May for the eight years succeeding 1822 inclusive. The temperature for April this year is something more than 3°, while that for May is rather more than above the ordinary average. The fall of rain for the two months is only 3 in. 45 decimal parts, or about 1 in. less than on any of the two former seasons during the same period. The coldest day was on the 2d of April: mean temperature of that day, 36.5°; extreme cold, 31.5°; wind, N. The warmest day for the two months was the 23d of May: mean temperature of that day, 56°; extreme heat, 62°; wind, W. The mercury in the barometer was highest on the 26th of May; height, 50 in.; wind, E.: and lowest on the 15th of April; height, 28.25 in.; wind, W. There were loud gales of north-easterly winds on the 2d and 29th of April, and northwesterly winds on the 4th of May.

76

a

April.

May.

Calendar of Nature for the Carse of Gowrie, Perthshire.

April.-The mean temperature for this month was only 42·8°, or about 3° below the ordinary average temperature for that month. From the low temperature of the three months immediately preceding (see p. 204.), it may easily be inferred that at the end of April vegetation was unusually late. Cold north and north-easterly winds prevailed for the most part of the month, with the exception of only 6 days, from the 14th to the 20th, on which days the wind was westerly. The Erythrònium déns cànis (Dog'stooth Violet) opened its flowers on the 1st, the Pulmonària paniculata on the 3d. The sea-mew appeared on ploughed fields in the Low Carse on the 8th. Gooseberries were in leaf on the 8th, 27 days later than last season. The Soldanella alpina and Dràba aïzöìdes, two alpine plants, were in flower in Annat garden on the 12th. Wildgeese had taken their departure by the 14th: it is remarked that they never leave the Carse till they have tasted the young braird of beans. Daffodils were in flower on the 14th, 26 days later than last season. The larch tree, which usually shows its foliage between the 1st and 5th of April, did not appear green before the 23d. Green-gage plums were in flower on walls on the 29th, 23 days later than last season. Oats that were sown in Annat park on the 8th, gave a braird on the 28th, or 20 days later. Mean temperature of that period, 44°. The atmosphere was cloudy 20 days, and clear 10 days., May. At the beginning of this month vegetation was about 23 days in arrear. The mean temperature for the month was 51.5°, which is more than half a degree above the ordinary average. The wind was north and westerly 14 days, and north and easterly 17 days. There were 9 days in which the atmosphere was clouded, and 22 of clear sunshine; which, together with the limited fall of rain, will account for the rapid progress vegetation made towards the latter end of the month. The sloethorn was in flower on the 3d. Barley sown at Annat park on the 17th of April brairded on the 2d of May, a period of 14 days: mean temperature of that period, 433°. Swallows appeared on the 3d; but, as insects were scarce, some were found dead near the coast. The cuckoo was heard on the 6th: we never hear that bird nowadays in April in this quarter. The horsechestnut came in leaf with the appearance of the swallows, and the wood anemone came in flower at the approach of the cuckoo. Crows were fledged on the 9th, 5 days later than last season. Barley sown on the 1st brairded on the 10th inclusive, a period of 10 days: mean temperature of that period, 47.7°. The maple was in leaf on the 11th; the summer snowdrop and Iris pùmila in flower on the 11th; the beech and lime were in leaf on the 13th; and figs, on walls, in leaf on the 14th. At this period, vegetation was only 6 days behind what it was at the same period last season. An exception appeared in the lilac, which did not unfold its blossoms till the 24th, about 12 days later than last season. The Virginian and Rose strawberries, too, seem to have been retarded longer than other plants in unfolding their blossoms, which did not appear before the 17th. Barley brairded on the 18th which had been sown on the 9th, a period of 9 days: mean temperature of that period, 51.10. Turnips brairded on the 18th which had been sown on the 13th, a period of 5 days: mean temperature of that period, 53.1°. The walnut came in leaf on the 24th. Red-streak apples were in flower on the 26th, and the Narcíssus on the 36th. So that vegetation is at this time within two days' march of last season at the end of May; a proof that a late spring is no sure indication of a late harvest.— A. G. Annat Gardens, June 1. 1829.

U S