assizes are held here and at Wells alternately; P. 7807: Lg. 3.0 w, Lt. 51.8 N. Polling-place.

BRIDLINGTON, or BURLINGTON, a seaport of England, county East York, with a market on Saturday. The harbour, called Bridlington Quay, is a mile from the town, formed by two piers, and very commodious. Its mineral waters, and accommodations for sea-bathing, draw much company in summer; its trade is considerable. It is seated on a fine bay 40 m ENE York, and 202 N London; P. of Quay 4712, of town 5637: Lg. 0.10 w, Lt. 54.8 N. Polling-place.

BRIDPORT, a borough of England, County Dorset, with a market on Saturday, 12m w Dorchester, and 134 w by s London, returns 2 M.P.; between the Brit and Bride, and has a harbour that will contain about 40 small vessels. The market is remarkable for hemp; large manufactures of canvass, small cordage, and nets; P. 4242.

BRIEG, a town of Prussia, province Silesia, with a Lutheran cathedral, and several other churches for Protestants and Catholics, and a manufacture of cloth. It was taken by the Prussians in 1741, and its ancient castle burnt down during the siege. It is seated on the Oder, 25 m SE Breslau.

BRIELLE, OF BRIIL, a fortified seaport of Holland, province South-Holland, capital of the island-of-Voorn. The Dutch took it from the Spaniards in 1572, which was the foundation of their republic. It is seated at the principal mouth of the Maas, 20m wsw Rotterdam: Lg. 4.8 E, Lt. 51.54 N.

BRIEN'S-BRIDGE, a town of Ireland, County Clare, with an excellent sulphureous spring; seated on the Shannon, 10 m NNE Limerick.

BRIENTZ, a town of Switzerland, canton Bern, famous for its cheese. Opposite the town is the fall of the Giesbach, which foams down with impetuosity through magnificent forest scenery. It is seated on the Brientz, a beautiful lake (9 m long by 3), 42 m SE Bern.

BRIENEZEN; see WRIEZEN.

BRIG, a town of Switzerland, canton Valais, with a castle. Here begins the famous road over the Simplon into Italy. The town is neatly built, and situated near the Rhone, 30 m E by N Sion.

BRIGG; see GLANFORDBridge.

BRIGHT HELMSTON, or BRIGHTON, a town of England, on the coast of Sussex, with a market on Thursday; returns 2 M.P. It is 30 m E Chichester, and 50 s London. At the w part of the town is a battery; although it has no harbour, yet a chain-pier provides a good communication

with shipping. In 1760 it was inhabited chiefly by fishermen: but becoming a place of resort for sea-bathing, it has been greatly enlarged by many handsome houses, with public rooms, hot and cold baths, a theatre, &c., and is now the largest town in the county. Here is an elegant pavilion, built by George IV, while prince-of-Wales, which was made a royal palace in 1821; and adjoining are a chapel royal and superb stables. The church stands on a hill above the town: and to the w of it is a chalybeate spring much frequented. Here are also a chapel, several meeting-houses,a Roman-Catholic-chapel, and a synagogue. Charles II embarked here for France in 1651, after the battle of Worcester; P. 40,634. Lg. 0.6 w, Lt. 50.45 N.

BRIGNOLLES, a town of France, department Var, seated among mountains, 20 m NNE Toulon; famous for its prunes; it is a pleasing country.

BRIUEGA, a town of Spain, province NewCastile, with a manufacture of cloth, and trade in wool. Here general Stanhope and an English army were made prisoners, in 1710. It is seated on the Tajuna, 43 m NE Madrid.

BRINDISI, the ancient BRUNDUSIUM of Italy, a city of Naples, in Otranto, and an archbishop's see, with a fortress. It stands on the gulf-of-Venice, 32 m ENE Tarento. The trade is trifling, the air unhealthy; but both are improving by cleansing the harbour and draining the marshy places; P. 5900: Lg. 8.15 E, Lt. 40.45 N.

BRINN; see BRUNN.

BRIOUDE, a town of France, department Haute-Loire, 32 m Nw Puy, and 34 s by E Clermont. It stands on the Allier, over which is a bridge with one arch, 173 feet span; P. 5400.

BRISACH, OF BREISACH, OLD, a town of the grand-duchy of Baden, once the capital of Brisgau. In 1741 the fortifications were demolished, and the artillery removed to Rhine, 8 m w by s Freyburg. Freyburg. It stands on the E side of the

BRISACH, NEW, a fortified town of France, department Haut-Rhin, seated about a mile w of the Rhine, opposite Old Brisach, and 8 m E Colmar; P. 1800.

BRISGAU, a territory of the grand-duchy of Baden, on the E side of the Rhine, which separates it from France. The greater part belonged to the house of Austria until the treaty of Presburg, in 1805, when it was ceded to Baden. The chief town is Freyburg.

BRISSAC, a town of France, department Mayenne-et-Loire, on the Aubence, 13 m s Angers.

BRISTOL, a city and seaport of England, county Gloucester, 13 m wNw Bath, 34 ssw

H

Gloucester, and 118 w London, with a market on Wednesday and Saturday; returns 2 M.P. It is seated on the Avon, at the influx of the Frome, 10 m from the entrance of the Avon into the British-channel; and at its mouth are several dockyards, and a very extensive floating dock. The inconvenience of vessels lying aground when the tide was out first caused a basin to be constructed for 40 ships; but the Avon is now completely dammed across, and its bed converted into a vast basin above 2 m long, which is entered by gates, and capable of containing 1000 vessels always afloat. A new channel has been cut for the river, and over it an iron bridge is thrown, of a single arch, under which the largest ships pass. For wealth, trade, and population, it was the second city in England: though now surpassed in all these respects by the towns of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, and Leeds. The city has 18 churches, beside the cathedral, which was formerly the church of St. Augustin's monastery. The church of St. Mary, Redcliffe, is a large and beautiful structure, rebuilt, in 1456, by William Canynges. In a chest in this church the unfortunate Chatterton, born in this city in 1752, said he discovered the manuscript poems of Rowley, which he published, but which many persons consider to have been his own composition. Here is a guildhall, a customhouse, an exchange, and several other public buildings; beside hospitals, schools, and various charitable foundations. Bristol is a county of itself, governed by a mayor, and has the assizes held here in the spring. Here are many glasshouses; and the sugar refinery is one of its principal manufactures. The Hot-Well, about a mile below the city, on the side of the Avon, is of great purity, and has obtained a high reputation in consumptive cases. In St. Vincent's-Rock, above this well, are found those native crystals, so well known under the name of Bristol stones. The numerous buildings on the top of this rock have the name of Clifton, which is the chief resort of the gentry, on account of the salubrity of its air. The city walls have been demolished long ago; and there is only one gate now standing; P. of city 59,074, of suburbs 57,942: Lg. 2.36 w, Lt. 51.22 N.

BRISTOL, County, county-town, and seaport of North America, United States, state Rhode-Island, E side Bristol-bay, 15 m Providence; the soil is rich, and its harbour is good; P. of county 5637; P. of town 3054, both in 1830: Lg. 71.19 E, Lt. 41.43 N.

BRISTOL, a town of North America, United States, state Pennsylvania, Bucks county, seated on the Delaware, 21 m SSE Newtown, and 20 NE Philadelphia.

BRISTOL-BAY, a large bay on the NW coast of North America, explored by Cook

in 1779. It opens between cape Newenham on the N, and the peninsula of Alaska on the s; and a river of the same name enters at the E extremity: Lg. 157.50 w, Lt. 58.20 x.

BRITAIN, a general appellation given, in 1801, to the islands of Great-Britain and Ireland as a united kingdom. England Egbert, in 829; as was Scotland, under Kewas united into one entire monarchy, under neth II, in 842; and Ireland was made a land and Scotland were united by a treatyin kingdom under Henry VIII, in 1541. Eng1707, under Anne, queen of Great-Britain; and Ireland was united to them in 1801, under George III, king of Britain.

BRITAIN, GREAT, the most considerable of all European islands, extending 550 m from N to s, and 290 from E to w. It lies to the N of France, from which it is separated by the English channel. The general division of the island is into Scotland, England, and Wales; P. 16,537,396.

BRITANY; see BRETAGNE.

BRIVE, a town of France, department Correze, with manufactures of silk-handkerchiefs, muslins, gauzes, &c. 12 m sw Tulle. It is seated on the Correze, opposite the influx of the Vezere, in a delightful valley.

BRIXEN, a principality of Austria, lately a bishopric, in the E part of Tyrol. It is very mountainous, but produces excellent wine.

BRIXEN, Austria, the capital of principality Brixen. Beside a magnificent cathedral, there are 7 other churches. It was taken by the French in 1796, and again in 1797. It is seated on the Eysach, at the influx of the Rientz, 38 m s by E In

BROACH, OF BAROACH, a town and fort of Asia, Hindostan, in Gujerat, capital of a fertile and populous district, on the right bank of the Nerbudda, 25 m from its mouth, and 34 N by E Surat; with considerable manufactures of cotton goods. In the vicinity are cornelian mines: it was taken by the British in 1803: Lg. 73.4 E, Lt. 21.46 N.

BROADSTAIRS, a village of England, county Kent, on the seashore, 2 m N Ramsgate. It has a small pier, with a harbour

BROD, a town of Austria, Sclavonia, 110 m w Belgrade; P. 1400.-Several other small towns in Hungary, Bohemia, &c.

BROADRAH, or BRODERA, a town and fortress of Asia, Hindostan, in Gujerat, noted for its linens, indigo, and lace. It is 62 m SSE Amedabad.

BRODY, a town of Austria, Galicia, a place of great trade; on the frontiers of Russian Poland, 45 m ENE Lemberg.

BROEK, a town of Prussia, province Westfalen, 11 m N Düsseldorf.

BROEK, a village of Holland, province North-Holland, 6 m NE Amsterdam. It is one of the most singular and picturesque places in the world. The streets are paved in mosaic work with variegated bricks; and no carriages ever enter them. The houses are painted on the outside, and each has a terrace and garden to the street, enclosed by a low railing; the garden adorned with china vases and shell-work, with borders composed of minute particles of glass, of different colours. A great trade in cattle.

BROKEN, BROCKEN, or PLOCKSBERG, the ancient MONS BRUCTERUS, Hannover, the principal mountain of the Hartz, about 3000 feet above the sea.

BROKEN-BAY, a bay of Australasia, Australia, New-South-Wales, 18 m N of PortJackson. It is formed by the mouth of a great river, called the Hawkesbury, and is a good harbour: Lg. 151.18 E, Lt. 33.34 s.

BROK-HAUSEN, a German colony of Russia, government Saratof, 43 m Saratof; 22 families.

BROMLEY, a town of England, county Kent, with a market on Thursday. Here is a college, erected by bishop Warner, for clergymen's widows; and near the town is a palace of the bishops of Rochester, where there is a chalybeate spring. It is seated on the Ravensbourn, 10 m s by E London; P. 4002. Polling-place.

BROMLEY, a town of England, county Stafford, with a market on Tuesday. It was formerly called Abbots-Bromley, and afterward Paget-Bromley, being given to lord Paget at the dissolution of the abbeys. It is 7 m E Stafford, and 129 Nw London; P. 1621.

BROMPTON, a village of England, county Kent, situated on an easy ascent from Chatham, and containing fine barracks for the military of that garrison.

BROMPTON, BRIERLOW, a town of England, county West York; P. 1462.

BROMSGROVE, a corporate town of England, county Worcester, with a market on Tuesday. Here are manufactures of sheeting, nails, and needles; and a grammar-school founded by Edward VI. It is seated on the Salwarp, 15 m NNE Worcester, and 116 Nw London; P. 8612.

BROMYARD, a town of England, county Hereford, with a market on Tuesday, near the Frome, amid fine orchards, 13 m NE Hereford, and 125 wNw London; P. 2938. Polling-place.

Russia, government Novogorod, 35 werst, BRONNITSY, a village and post station of or about 23 m Novogorod, on the post road from Moscow to Peterbourg.

BRONNITZI, a small town of Russia, government Moscow, near the Moskwa, and on the bank of lake Belloï, 34 m Moscow; it has 2 churches; P. 1500.

BRONNO, or BRONI, a town of Austria, Italy, in Milanese, where the French defeated the Austrians in 1800. It is 10 m SE Pavia.

di-Demona, in Sicily, near Etna. BRONTE, OF BRONTI, a town on the ValThis town and its territory were bestowed with the title of duke, upon lord Nelson by the king of Naples in 1798.

BROOKFIELD, 5 in North America, United States:-1st, a town, state Massachusetts, Worcester county, on the Quaboag, 17 m w by s Worcester; P. 2342.2nd, a town, state New-York, North-district, Madison county; P. 4367.-3rd, a town, state Connecticut, Fairfield county; P. 1261.-4th, a town, state New-Hampshire, Stafford county; P. 671.—5th, a town, state Vermont, Orange county; P. 1677, all in 1830.

BROOKHAVEN, a town of North Ame rica, United States, state New-York, Suffolk county, Long-island, 60 m E New-York.

BROOKLINE, 2 North America, United States:-1st, a town, state Vermont, Windham county; P. 376.-2nd, a town, state Massachusetts, Norfolk county, separated from Boston E by a narrow bay; a great quantity of fruits and vegetables are sent to Boston-market; P. 1041, in 1830.

BROOKLYN, 2 in North America, United States:-1st, a town, state New-York, King's county, w end of Long-island, near East-river, which divides it from NewYork; P. 15,396.-2nd, a county town, state Connecticut, Windham county; P. 1451 in 1830.

BROOKVILLE, a county-town of North America, United States, state Indiana, Franklin county, in the fork of the Whitewater, 70 m Indianopolis, 524 Washington.

BROOM-LOCH, a salt lake or arm of the sea, on the w coast of Scotland, county

Ross. It contains several good harbours, is noted for excellent herrings, and is esteemed one of the best fishing stations on the coast. In the NE part is Isle-Martin, a small island that has a harbour and a custom-house.

BRORA, a town of Scotland on the SE coast of county Sutherland, with a small harbour at the mouth of the Brora, 14 m NE Dornoch.

BROSELEY, a town of England, county Salop, with a market on Wednesday. Here are many coal and iron mines, considerable iron-works, and manufactures of earthenware and tobacco pipes. It is seated near the Severn, 6 m NNW Bridgenorth, and 146 Nw London; P. 4299.

BROTHERTON, a village of England, county West York, 1 m x of Ferrybridge, with a trade in lime; P. 1482.

BROUAGE, a town of France, department Charente-Inferieure, near a bay of the sea, 17 m s Rochelle, with considerable salt

works.

BROUGH, a town of England, county Westmoreland, with a market on Thursday. Near it is a cotton spinning manufacture, at the foot of a mountain. It is 8 m ESE Appleby, and 262 NNW London; P. 966.

It

BROW, a village of Scotland, on the coast of Solway-frith, 7 m s by E Dumfries. is much resorted to in summer for its chalybeate spring, and for sea-bathing.

BROWERSHAVEN, a seaport of Holland, province Zealand, on the N side of the island of Schowen, and at the s mouth of the Maas, 9 m sw Helvoetsluys.

BROWNSVILLE, 3 in North America, United States:-1st, a town, state Pennsylvania, Fayette county, on the Monongahela, 30 m SSE Pittsburg: it has a handsome iron suspension-bridge over the Monongahela, 120 feet long.-2nd, a county town, state Tennessee, Haywood county.3rd, a county town, state Kentucky, Oldham county; P. 57, in 1830.

BRSESC; see BRZESK.

BRUCHSAL, a town in the grand-duchy of Baden, with a castle. It has a large saltwork, and is seated on the Salz, 17 m SE Speire, and 19 s Heidelberg.

BRUCK, a town of Prussia, province Brandenburg, 20 m'sw Potsdam.

BRUCK, a town of Austria, 20 m ESE Vienna.

BRUCK, OF BROUG, a town of Switzerland, canton Argau, the birth-place of Zimmerman; seated on the Aar, 22 m SE Basel.

BRUCK, or PRUCK, a town of Bavaria, 12 m w Munich.

BRUCK, or PRUCK, a town of Austria, in Stiria, capital of a province. It stands on the Mur, 18 m NNW Gratz, and 70 sw Vienna.

BRUGES, a city of Belgium, province West-Flanders, lately an episcopal see. It was once a great trading town; but, in the 16th century, the civil wars drove the trade first to Antwerp, and then to Amsterdam. The most remarkable buildings are the town-house, the exchange, and the church of Notre-Dame, in which may be seen the tombs of Charles the Bold, duke of BurThe gundy, and of his daughter Mary. chief manufactures are linen, lace, and woollen stuffs. Its situation still commands some trade, for it has canals to Ghent, and Dunkirk. Ostend, Sluys, Nieuport, Furnes, Ypres, Bruges has often been taken; the last time by the French, in 1794. It is 14 m E Ostend; P. about 40,000; Lg. 3.13 E, Lt. 51.12 N.

province Calenberg, on the Seine, 51 GerBRUGGEN, a post village of Hannover, man ms by E Hannover; post-road to Cassel.

BRUGNETO, a town of Italy, duchy Genova, at the foot of the Apennines, 35 m ESE Genova.

BRUNN, OF BRINN, a city of Austria, Moravia, capital of a district, and a bishop's see, with a fortress called Spielberg, on an conflux of the Zwittau and Schwartz, 33 m adjoining eminence. It is seated at the sw Ohmutz. It has manufactures of fine cloth, kerseymeres, velvet, and plush; and is surrounded with springs of excellent water, which supply its numerous diers. The Prussians besieged it in 1742; but were obliged to raise the siege: Lg. 16.38 E, Lt. 49.13 N.

BRUNNEN, a town of Switzerland, canton Schweitz. Here the cantons of Uri, Schweitz, and Underwalden formed the alliance in 1313, which was the foundation of the republic of Switzerland. It is seated on the Waldstædter-sea, 2 m sw Schweitz.

BRUNSWICK; see BRAUNSCHWEIG.

BRUNSWICK, 3 in North America, United States:-1st, a county town and seaport, state Georgia, Glynn county, in a fertile country, at the mouth of the Turtle, in St. Simon's sound, 60 m ssw Savana: Lg. 74.30 w, Lt. 40.30 N.-2nd, a town, state Maine, Cumberland county, on the s side of Merry-meeting-bay, mouth of the Androscoggin, 30 m NE Portland; P. 3747.

3rd, a county town, state New-Jersey, Middlesex county, 27 m Trenton: the inland trade is considerable, and it has an elegant bridge on the Raritan; P. 7831, in 1830; the latter is New-Brunswick: Lg. 74.30 w, Lt. 40.30.

BRUSSELS, a large and handsome city,

the capital of Belgium, 24 m s Antwerp, and 156 m NNE Paris, on the Senne, or Sienne. Its circumference is about 7 English m, and it has 7 gates. The fortifications are demolished, and planted with trees, which form most beautiful walks around the city. It has extensive suburbs, consisting of several villages, which extend their streets to the city. Brussels contains 7 parish churches within the walls, and is divided into 8 sections. It has also 8 public squares, some of them of great beauty and elegance. The public walk, called the Green-Alley, is unrivalled, and the great interior square, called the Park, is very beautiful. The town-house, in the great market-place, is a handsome ancient edifice in the gothic style; its turret is 364 feet in height, and is surmounted by a gigantic figure of St. Michael, in copper, 17 feet high. The church of St. Gudule is a magnificent structure, containing 16 chapels, adorned in the interior with beautiful paintings. The chapel of Notre-Dame is likewise elegant; and the church of the Capuchins was one of the finest that order possessed in Europe. Within the walls, and facing the park, is the royal palace, and several elegant mansions belonging to noblemen. The opera-house is a fine building in the Italian style, built in the year 1700. The public fountains are in number 20, all embellished with sculptures, and the theatre of the park is much frequented. The mint also deserves notice; and there are numerous charitable foundations. A central school was established here by the French government. The library contains nearly 100,000 volumes, mostly saved from suppressed convents; an extensive collection of paintings, a cabinet of natural history, &c. It has manufactures of camblets, carpets, carriages, ticking, various kinds of cotton and woollen stuffs, silk stockings, galoons, earthenware, and much esteemed lace. It carries on considerable trade, not only with the interior, but with foreign countries, by means of the canals which communicate with the Scheldt. This city owed its origin to St. Gery, bishop of Cambray, in the commencement of the 7th century. It suffered much damage during the late revolution; P. 80,000 in 1814: Lg. 4.22 E, Lt. 50.51 N.

BRUSSOW, a small post-town of Prussia, province Brandenburg, 4 German m by post-road, w by s Stettin; post-road from Prenzlow to Stettin.

BRUTON, a town of England, county Somerset, on the Brue, 12 m SE Wells, and 109 w London; market on Saturday. Here are manufactures of silk and hosiery; a freeschool, founded by Edward VI; and a stately almshouse, in the ruins of a priory; P. 2223. BRYANSBRIDGE, a town of Ireland,

county Clare, on the Shannon, 8 m N Limerick.

BRZESC; see BREST.

BRZESK, a town of Russia, province Poland, voevod Plotzko, on a small river which falls into the Vistula, 86 m NW Warzsawa, and 46 Nw Plotzko; it has mines of vitriol: Lg. 19.50 E, Lt. 52.30 N.

BRZESNITZ, a town of Austria, Bohemia, province Saatz, with manufactures of lace, fire-arms, and hardware, 24 m wNW Saatz. Another in province Prachin, 18 m WNW Pisek.

BUARCOS, a town of Portugal, province Beira, at the mouth of the Mondego, 27 m s Aveiro.

BUCCARI, or BUCHARI, a seaport of Austria, kingdom Illyria, on the NE part of the gulf-of-Venice, 12 m SE Fiume.

BUCHANNESS, the most eastern promontory of Scotland, 2 m to the s of Peterhead, in Aberdeenshire, in Lg. 1.17 w, Lt. 57.26 N. South of this promontory are the Buller of Buchan, Bowness, and other stupendous rocks and precipices, much admired for their awful grandeur.

BUCHAREST, a city of Europe, Turkey, capital of Walachia, in a swampy plain, on the Domboriza, 215 m N by w Adrianople. The metropolitan church is large, and adjoining it is the palace of the archbishop. In a square, near the centre of the town, is the great church of St. George, the patron saint of Walachia. It has no manufactures, nor any works of mechanical industry, excepting a few German coachmakers, who are kept in constant employment, since it has become a fashion that no person pretending to any respectability can walk in the streets. The exports are timber, corn, wool, honey, wax, and tallow, to Constantinople; wine, salt, and salted provisions, to Russia; and immense numbers of horses, horned cattle, and hogs, to Germany. In 1812 a treaty of peace was signed here between the Turks and Russians; P. 50,000: Lg. 25.50 E, Lt. 44.48 N.

BUCHARIA; see BOKHARIA.

BUCKDEN, a village of England, county Huntingdon, 5 m sw Huntingdon; P. 1095.

BUCKENHAM, a town of England, county Norfolk, with a market on Saturday, 12 m E by N Thetford, and 93 NE London; P. 795.

BUCKFASTLEIGH, a village of England, county Devon, 3 m s by w Ashburton; here are some remains of an abbey; P. 2445.

BUCKINGHAM, a county town of England, county Buckingham, with a market on Saturday; returns 2 M.P. It is 25 m NE Oxford, and 56 Nw London, almost surrounded by the Ouse, over which are