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function, are first given, then advance is made into the field of State Government. Finally, the work of the National Government is covered functionally, as it is the endeavor of the authors throughout to stress rather the function than the more complex structure of local, state and national government. A feature of peculiar interest and importance is the stressing, in a book of an elementary character, of the importance of international relationships. Particularly is this true of Everyday Citizenship in which the authors have emphasized the recent developments in international organization and coöperation, and have outlined the purposes of the League of Nations and the Disarmament Conference simply enough for the child mind to grasp their importance. Thus the whole tendency of the books to work slowly, objectively, from the most salient elements of municipal government to those of international organization is carried to completion, and the authors are to be congratulated on their

success.

In the second half of Alley and Blachly's work, a detailed study is made of the history and government of the State of Oklahoma. The history has been materially simplified for children, and the emphasis is laid on the policies of the Federal Government toward the Indians, both in ante-bellum and reconstruction days, and toward the settlement of the bifurcated territories. The achievement of statehood, the organization and administration of the State, make up the concluding portion of the book. It would appear that the authors have attempted, in so far as possible, to simplify the subject matter of government, but a certain degree of unevenness is apparent between the first and last portions of the book, in that the latter is treated in a decidedly more complex and advanced manner that the former. A certain amount of complexity is inevitable, but it would appear that the contrast between the early chapters on state organization and the concluding chapters on Oklahoma Government is rather marked. Apart from this disproportionate complexity, the book is a highly commendable treatment of elementary civics.

University of Texas.

MALBONE W. GRAHAM, JR.

GAMMON, SAMUEL RHEA. The Presidential Campaign of 1832. (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1922. Pp. 94. Price, $1.50.)

This study in history and politics contains six chapters with the following headings: Party Reorganization 18241828, The Anti-Masons, The National Republicans, The Democrats, The Injection of the Bank into the Campaign, and the Conclusion of the Campaign. There is also an appendix on Party Nomenclature, one giving a letter of Van Buren and another giving the first political party platform. The writer properly begins with the election of 1824, when party lines had ceased to exist, in order that the reader may understand how personal politics led to the party alignments of 1832. It marks the transition stage in party organization from the Congressional caucus through the state legislative caucus to the National Convention; also the breakup of the Democratic-Republican party into the Democratic and National Republican parties, though the term "DemocraticRepublican" continued to be used by Jackson's followers through the campaign of 1832.

The second chapter deals with the rise of the Anti-Masonic party and shows its influence in setting a model for the national conservative and convention procedure. The next two chapters show how the two great parties gradually took shape, the composition in each case being determined partly by national issues, largely by personalities. The wavering attitude of Biddle on making the bank an issue by applying for recharter and how pressure was brought to bear on him by Webster and other friends of Clay is very well brought out. However, as the writer points out, while the bank was the paramount issue, it was not the only one.

That Dr. Gammon explored thoroughly the sources for his topic is attested by the ample footnotes and the bibliography of three pages. The reviewer has never attempted any thorough study of this field, yet he does not feel that

this monograph has contributed much to his knowledge of the subject. The outstanding facts are already well known. However, for bringing these facts together as a connected story and for some interesting matters of minor importance, Dr. Gammon deserves the gratitude of students of this period.

University of Arkansas

DAVID Y. THOMAS.

SCOTT, JAMES BROWN. Cases on International Law. (American Case Book Series. St. Paul: West Publish

ing Company, 1922.)

Teachers and students of international law will welcome a new case book by Dr. James Brown Scott. His older and valuable collection of cases, issued by the same company, is now superseded by this one, which, however, does not purport to be a revision of the earlier work. It contains many cases reported in the older book, but also gives a wealth of new material, a great deal of which has grown out the Great War. The cases selected are not confined to decisions of regular courts, but a few decisions of courts of arbitration are included. Such collections are very valuable, but the student who wishes to cover the field of international law will still find it necessary to refer to state papers. While they may not have the authority of law which attaches to judicial decisions, many cases are settled by diplomats and such settlements come to have the force of precedents.

University of Arkansas.

DAVID Y. THOMAS.

THE COUNTY BOUNDARIES OF NEW MEXICO

CHARLES F. COAN

State University of New Mexico

The counties of New Mexico during the last years of Mexican rule and the years of American control prior to the formation of the territorial government were marked upon a map by James S. Calhoun.1 The counties shown were Taos, Rio Arriba, Santa Ana, Bernalillo, San Miguel del Bado, and Valencia. These formed the basis for the later poltical subdivisions of the territory and state. The Second Legislative Assembly passed two acts affecting county boundaries. The first of these created Doña Ana County out of that part of Socorro County lying south of an east and west line passing through the center of the "Laguna in the Jornado." The fact that Socorro existed on January 6, 1852 when the above act was passed and was not shown on Calhoun's map makes the conclusion imperative that it must have come into existence between 1850 and 1852 but the writer has not been able to find the exact date. The second act passed January 9, 1852 stated that the counties should be the same in name as formerly but provided for a complete change in the boundary lines, which were defined as follows:3

Taos County included all of the territory north of the line running west from Tetilla de la Petaca to the California line; and southeast from Tetilla de la Petaca through Embudo, Rincones, and Las Trampas to the junction of the Mora and the Sapello rivers, and thence due east to the Texas line.⭑

Rio Arriba County was bounded on the north by Taos

1A. H. Abel, ed., The Official Correspondence of James S. Calhoun... Map No. 1 shows the Mexican counties.

2New Mexico. Session Laws, 1851-52, p. 265.

"Map No. 2 shows the counties as changed in 1852.

New Mexico. Session Laws, 1851-52, p. 291.

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County; on the west by the California line; on the south by a line to the west runnng from the Mesilla of San Yldefonso to the California line, and east from San Yldefonso to the Puertocito of Pojuaque, thence to Cundiyo, and thence south to the summit of Mt. Nambé; and on the east the line ran from Mt. Nambé north along the summit of the range to the Taos line.5

Santa Fé County was bounded on the north by Rio Arriba

"New Mexico. Session Laws, 1851-52, p. 291.

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