74 N. W. that the middle and heart of the town, was called Sutton-Prior, becaufe there was the parish church, the parfonage whereof was impropriated to the Prior of Plimpton. That there was a houfe of white friars in the E. part of the town; and on the N. fide of the church, an hofpital; and that the mouth of the gulph was chained over in time of necenity, and wallęd on each fide, having a block-house on the S. W. and a quadrangular caftle on a rocky hill hard by.

It is advantageoufly fituated for trade and navigation at the influx of the rivers Plym and Tamar; and tho' it has undergone the changes common to other places, it is recorded to have been a well frequented town in the reign of Edward III. and is now a flourishing town, a ftrong fortification, and one of the fineft and most commodious docks and harbours in the three Kingdoms, for the British navy. And by this means, Plymouth has fo increafed, for thefe two centuries, that it is now not much inferior to many cities for the number of its inhabitants and extenfive trade.

The prefent government of this corporation is in a Mayor, twelve Aldermen, and twenty-four Commoncouncil-men, who, with the freemen and freeholders in this town, chufe Reprefentatives to Parliament; the prefent Members are Loid Vere Beauclerk, of Hanworth, Middlefex, a Lord of the Admiralty, firft brother to the Duke of St. Albans, and Vice-admiral of the Red; Arthur Stert, of Membland, near Plymouth. The Mayor, I am told, is elected by a jury of thirtyfix perfons, chofen by four others, of whom the Mayor and Aldermen chufe two, and the Common-council the other two. Here is alfo a Recorder, and a Town-clerk, belides other inferior officers. The Mayor, his predeceffor, and the two fenior Aldermen, are Juftices of the Peace, pro tempore. The markets are kept on Mondays, Thursdays, and Saturdays,

the toll of which, and of the corn, yarn, &c. and the profits of the mill, which is very confiderable, and the revenues of the fhambles, which are farmed at 160 pounds per annum, belong to the corporation; and are, in part, applied to the maintenance of the Mayor's kitchen. The fair is kept yearly on the Thursday after St. Luke's day.

Here are three broad open ftreets, which are well lined with buildings: a caftle faid to be firft built by the family of Valtorts; repaired and enlarged by Edmund Stafford, Bishop of Exeter, and Chancellor of England; but converted into the modern citadel, confifting of five regular baftions, and made to mount 165 guns, by King Charles the Second, which is generally well garrifoned, under the command of a Governor and a Lieutenant-Governor.

:

A

Here are two churches, viz. St. Andrew's, which is a very fpacious building with a high tower, adorned with pinnacles, and furnished with fix large bells at the W. end. The body of which alfo, and the fide ifles and chancel, are very beautiful. The other is called Charles Church, which Browne Willis, Efq; in his Notitia Parliamentaria fays, is dedicated to our King Charles the Firft, and is a good building, with an handfome fpire covered with lead and alfo furnished with fix good bells, valued at 500 7. the gift of Colonel Fory. The nomination of Incumbents and Lecturers to thefe churches, every three years, is vested in the corporation. The revenue of the old church is computed to be worth 400l. per annum, and of the new church 2004. though the profits of the pews, which are let out at a confiderable price, are fettled upon the poor in both parishes: in which we have alfo this other remarkable circumftance in a proteftant church, that the parish Clerks of thefe churches were, till very lately, always in Deacons-orders, and did marry, christen, bury, read both leffons, and admini

fter

fter the cup at the Lord's-fupper. Here is a town-house, a custom-house, a work-house, four hospitals, and a charity-school, in which above one hundred poor children are cloathed, fed, and taught; befides twelve poor widows, who are maintained in one of these hofpitals by the charity of the faid Col. Jory.

The management of the cuftoms is under a Collector, a Cuftomer, Comptroller, Searchers, Land-waiters, &c. who have a great deal of bufinefs in their respective offices: for here, in time of war, the outward-bound convoys generally rendezvous at this port: and this is alfo the most convenient port for fhips homeward bound to put in, and provide themselves pilots for the channel, if needful: befides the confiderable shipping that belongs to it: for the Merchants at Plymouth, I am informed, drive a confiderable trade to Virginia, the fugar-iflands, the Streights, and to Spain and Italy; where, in the time of peace, they find good markets for their pilchards, which are here taken and cured, in the fame manner, as mentioned in Cornwal. And, therefore, we find it returned as a Head Port by commiffion into the Exchequer in Trinity term, 29 Car. II. in which commiflion its layful keys are particularly defcribed, viz. part of the New Key fronting to the E. measuring about 94 feet in length, from the W. end of Jennings's Key, near the fmith's fhop S. unto the S. E. corner of the faid New Key: alfo part of Smart's Key, fronting to the N. E. which measures about 74 feet from the N. W. wall of Hendrick Peterson's houfe, to the E. corner of the faid key, and 40 feet, exactly, from the faid E. corner S. W. towards the flip. Likewise an 112 feet, and no more, of the S. fide Key, reaching from the N. fide of the arch over the Barbican stairs N. unto the Barbican or land-boufe. Foxhole-Key, whofe head fronting the S. measureth 22 feet

from the E. wall of Mr. John Cooley's houfe or yard, to the S. E. corner of the faid key, and about 102 feet in length, from the faid S. E. corner N. being the E. fide of the faid key: and at the N. end of the faid key, and adjoining to it, is another key, meafuring about 37 feet in length, unto the S. E. corner, fronting only to the S. By which dimenfiors, both the Merchant and the Officer may be informed, where all goods brought from or carried to foreign parts; and all wool, yarn, &c. brought or carried coaftways, from or to any part of this Kingdom, must be fhipped or landed upon pain of feizure and forfeiture, without a fpecia! fufferance firft obtained for that purpose.

About two miles up the river Tamar, which inlet of the fea is diftinguished from Cat-water, by the name of Ham-ouze, and commanded by the caftle of St. Nicholas island, is a wet dock, big enough to contain five firstrate men of war and a dry dock hewn out of a mine of flate, and lined with Portland stone, after the mould of a first-rate man of war: the whole forming as compleat an arsenal as any belonging to the government; under the direction and care of a Clerk of the Check, a Store-keep er, a Mafter-fhipwright, a Mafter-attendant, a Clerk of the Survey, and a Commissioner for Sea-affairs. These docks were built by the late King William III.

In failing out of, by, or paft this port, the mariner is, directed in his courfe, and cautioned from the danger of that coaft by a light-house, which was originally built by Mr. Winftanly, a 100 feet high on the Eddyftone rock, which is covered at high water; but that, being blown down in the November ftorm 1703, by which he and all his company were entirely loft, was rebuilt by the corporation of the Trinity-houfe, in pursuance of an act of the 5th of Queen Anne; which are thus represented,

L 2

Okehamp.

Okehampton, commonly called Ockington; but in Domes-day-book, anciently Ochementone, claims the next place in order of the parliamentary boroughs in this county for though it be fo late as the year 1640, before it was reftored to the privilege of fending Representatives to Parliament, we find its Burgeffes taking their places in the Houfe of Commons as early as the 28th of Edw. I. and again in the 7th of Edw. II. Their Members are chofen at prefent by the majority of the free-men and free-holders, who are now reprefented in Parliament by T. Pitt, of Boconnock, near Bodmyn in Cornwal, Efq; and Lord-warden of the Stannaries to the Prince; and G. Lyttleton, of Hagley, in Worcesterfhire, Efq; and a Lord of the Treafury.

The prefent light-house.

The government of this corporation is in a Mayor and eight principal Burgeffes, and eight Affiftants ; a Recorder, a Juftice, and a Town-Clerk. Here are fome good inns to accommodate travellers, between Launceston and Crediton and a chapel of eafe to the parish church, which is fituated on a hill by itself, about a mile out of town. The town takes its name from its fituation in a bottom on the banks of the river Oke: carries on a pretty trade in the ferge-manufactury: and enjoys the privilege of a market on Saturdays, and fix fairs, one on the fecond Tuesday in March, the reft on the 3d of May, the 2d Wednesday after Midfummer, the 25th of July, the first Tuesday in September, and first Wednesday in October.

(To be continued.)

An

II. In particular, the following points are to be exactly attended to in the present cafe.

1. As foon as the diftemper difcovers itself amongst the cattle, they must be debarred from hay, though they should seem to pine after it ever fo much, which is a thing frequently obferved in the beginning of the diftemper. Inftead of it, they are to be fed with ftraw, and that fort of it which is eafieft of digeftion; this rule must be ftrictly observed so long as they continue ill, until they have been obferved to chew the cud for two or three days fucceffively, though fed only with ftraw; and then, by degrees, they may have hay given them again, very sparingly at first, and increased in a greater or lefs proportion, according to the manner in which they chew the cud.

but

2. When you are once certain that the diftemper is amongst your cattle, take a quarter of an ounce of the very best rhubard, boil it half a quarter of an hour in a small pipkin of water, ftrain it, and when lukewarm, give this quantity to each ox or cow, throwing the rhubard away, as being then of no farther ufe. This must be repeated daily; and, if the cattle are very bad, twice a day, more efpecially if they have a great fcowering, and is not to be left off till they have chewed the cud for 2 or 3 days. 3. After the firit two or three days

illness, you may give, inftead of the rhubarb, or even if you continue the rhubard, allowing a reasonable space between, a fmall cup of rape oil, lukewarm, for two or three days together: or every other day, you may give a fmall quantity of honey, oil, and red wine, boiled together, after fuffering it to stand till it is but blood

warm.

4. Every day, or every two days at fartheft, the back and chine of the beast must be well rubbed with warm butter-milk.

5: Add to all this, that from the beginning to the end of the diftemper, fuch cattle must be kept very warm, conftantly covered, even their bellies and legs, and kept as much as poffible from the air.

6. All the time they are ill, and even when they begin to recover, they muft have no bread given them, or any thing of that nature; but they may be allowed now and then a carrot to refresh them; and from time to time their noftrils ought to be rubbed with vinegar.

Thefe remedies, accompanied with the precautions before recommended, have hitherto been attended with fuccefs; and all the cattle, thus treated, have recovered.

It is requifite to restrain them from hay, because that is a food cattle cannot digeft without chewing the cud; and this is known to be attended with ill confequences.

The intent of giving rhubard, is in order to cleanse the body, and to prevent an inflammatory fcowering; the oil is ufed for the fame purpose, and to fecure the inteftines from excoriation; honey, oil, and wine, make them ftale plentifully; and these operations are much affifted from their being kept warm and well covered. The rubbing the back and chine promotes the circulation of the blood, and prevents fome untoward fymptoms, that otherwise discover themfelves in thefe parts.

The