smart under the exactions of the French, not withstanding their incorporation with Westphalia. The principal places are garrisoned with French troops, and this is made the pretence for renewing the war-contribution for three months longer.

ITALY.

The accounts from Messina to the 25tli of June, represent the enemy's preparations for the invasion of Sicily as being complèted, and that though several of their gun-boats and convoys from Naples and Salerno, with artillery and warlike stores, had been destroyed, yet their small craft, to the number of 500, was secured by formidable batteries along the coaft of Calabria.

The last accounts from our squadron employed on the coast of Calabria, state that we had been invariably successful in taking or destroying all the armed vessels or gunboats of the enemy that our flotilla engaged. The French have evacuated the Island of Fanu, to the northward of Corfu, which had been taken possession of by Captain Griffiths,

of the Leonidas.

The necessary measures have been taken for the blockade of the canal of Corfu, and from this time all the measures authorized by the laws of nations, and the respective treaties between his Majesty and the different neutral powers, will be adopted and executed with respect to all vessels which may attempt to violate the said blockade.

SPAIN AND PORTUGAL.

A great battle is daily expected on the frontiers of Portugal between the English and Portuguese armies under Lord Wellington, and the grand French army under Marshals Massena, Ney, and others.

King Joseph was, on the 26th ult. in the neighbourhood of Valencia, with an army of 30,000 men, with which he intended to form the siege of Tarragona.

The Regency of Portugal, through British mediation, has purchased a two-years peace of the Dey of Algiers for 900,000 dollars. This piratical prince declared war against France on the 29th of May.

In consequence of the interception of couriers with dispatches by the peasantry, orders had been issued by king Joseph for the erection of a number of forts, at stated distances, on the great road leading from Madrid to Bayonne.

FRANCE.

Paris, Aug 7: His Majesty issued on the 5th August, at the palace of Trianon, the following decree :

Art. I. The duties upon the importation of the under-mentioned goods and merchandize are settled as follows.—By metrical quintal: the cottons of Brazil, Cayenne, Surinam, Demerary, and Georgia, long staple, 800 francs; Levant cottons, imported by sea, 600 francs; the same by land, through the offices at Co

logne, Coblentz, Mayence, and Strasburgh, 300 francs; cottons from all other places, those from Naples excepted, 600 francs; those from Naples, the old duties; raw sugar, 300 francs; clayed or loaf sugar, 400 francs; hyson teas, 900 francs; green teas, 600 francs; all other teas, 150 francs; indigo, 900 francs; cocoa, 1000 francs; cochineal, 2000 francs; white pepper, 500 francs; black ditto, 400 francs; common cinnamon; 1400 francs; fine ditto, 2000 francs; cloves, 600 francs; nutmegs, 2000 francs; mahogany, 50 francs; Pernambucco wood, 120 francs Campeachy ditto, 80 francs; dye woods, ground, 100 francs.

Art. II. When the custom-house officers suspect that the declarations concerning the species or qualities are false, they shall send specimens to the director-general of our customs, who is to cause them to be examined by commissaries who have a knowledge of these branches, attached to the ministry of the interior; and who, in every such exami nation, shall be assisted by two manufacturers or merchants, chosen by the minister of the interior. If it shall appear that the decla rations are false, all the merchandize shall be seized and confiscated.

Letter from the French Minister of Foreign Re lations, to Mr. Armstrong, the American Am bassador. Paris, Aug. 5, 1810.

SLR.-I have laid before his Majesty the Emperor and King, the act of Congress of the 1st of May, extracted from the paper of the United States, which you had transmitted to

me.

His Majesty could have wished that this act, and air other acts of the United States that may concern France, had been

always officially notified to him. The Emperor applauded the general embargo laid by the United States on all their vessels, because that measure, if it has been prejudicial to France, contained, at least, nothing offensive to her honour. It has caused her to lose her

colonies of Guadaloupe, Martinique, and Cayenne. The emperor did not complain of it. He made this sacrifice to the principle which determined the Americans to impose the embargo, and which inspired them with the noble resolution of interdic Ing themselves the use of the sea, rather than submit to the laws of those who wish to become its tyrants. The act of the 1st of March removed the embargo, and substituted for it a measure which must have been particularly injurious to the interests of France. That act, with which the emperor was not acquainted for a considerable time after, interdicted to American vessels the commerce of France, whilst it authorised a trade with Spain, Naples, and Holland, that is to say, with countries under French influence, and denounced confiscation against all French vessels that should enter the ports of Amierica. Reprisal was a matter of right, and commanded by the dignity of France, a cir. cumstance upon which it was impossible to

m.ke

t

make any compromise. The sequestration of all the American vessels in France, was the necessary result of the measures taken by Congress.

At present the Congress treads back its steps. It revokes the act of the 1st of March. The ports of America are open to French commerce, and France is no longer interdicted to the Americans. In short, the Congress engages to oppose such of the belligerent powers as shall refuse to recognize the rights of neutrals. In this new state of things, I am authorized to declare to you, sir, that the decrees of Berlin and Milan are revoked, and that, from the 1st of November, they will cease to be in force, it being understood that in consequence of this declaration the English shall revoke their Orders in Council, and renounce the new principles of blockade which they have attempted to establish; or that the United States, conformably to the act which you have just communicated, shall cause their rights to be respected by the English. It is with the most particular satisfaction that I inform you of this resolution of the emperor. His Majesty loves the Americans. Their prosperity, and their commerce, enter into the views of his policy. The independence of America is one of the principal titles of the glory of France. Since that epoch the emperor has felt a pleasure in aggrandizing the United States; and in all circumstances, whatever can contribute to the independence, the prosperity, and the liberty of the Americans, will be regarded by the emperor as conformable to the interests of his empire.

Letters from the English prisoners in France, gives a most distressing account of the cruel treatment of those confined in the Castle of Bitche

HOLLAND,

The city of Amsterdam has sent a deputation to Paris, to present to his Imperial Majesty the homage of its inhabitants.

The ex-king of Holland has quitted the Westphalian territory, and proceeded to Toplitz, in Bohemia, where, it is said, he will remain during the bathing season. His el des son has been removed to Paris.

The dock yards of Antwerp and the Scheldt e abundantly supplied with ship timber from the interior of Germany, vast quantities of which have been brought thither at an immense expense.

SOUTH AMERICA.

Intelligence is received of a spirit of independance having manifested itself at Buenos Ayres, and that some political changes has, in consequence, taken place The Viceroy is cut of power, and a new government is establish. ed, consisting of a Junta of seven persons, of which Saavedra, the commander in chief of the troops, is president. The Junta dispatched messengers to the large towns in the interior, in order to unite with them in determi. ning the basis of a new government.

Official Document.The provisional Junta of government of the provinces of Rio de la Plata, in the name of king Ferdinand the Seventh, communicates the following order, re, specting the mode of conducting public business: 1. The Junta will meet daily in the Royal Fort, where the president will reside, and business will be transated from nine in the morning till two in the evening, and from five till eight at night. 2. All the concerns of the Treasury will be conducted there in the offices of the respective department 3. The department of Secreta y of State is under the direction of Dr. D. Juan Jose Passo, and that of War under the direction of Dr. D. Mariano Moreno. 4 In the decrees on subjects relating to the capital, on inferior matters, and in certain cases where great dispa ch is required, the signatures of the president, authenticated by his secretary, will be sufficient. 5. In matters that are decided by the Junta, the presi dent and ten members will form a quorum, but in affairs of high import to the govern ment, every meinber must concur in the measure. 6. In statements and official papers, addressed to the whole Junta, the members are to be styled their Excellencies, but no such distinction is to be paid to the members individually. 7. The military are to pay the same honours to the Junta as before to the Viceroys, and on other occasions they are to take the same rank. 8. The president is to receive the same compliments as is bestowed upon the Junta in a body, and on all occasions and circumstances. 9. Matters relating to the disposal of places are to be laid before the Junta as before to the Viceroys, without prejudice to the alterations necessary from the alteration of affairs in the Peninsula 10. Each citizen is allowed to send to each member, or the whole Junta, and to state what he thinks conducive to the cause of public happiness and security.

D. MORIANO MORENO, Secretary. Buenos Ayres, May 28, 1810. An insurrection at Quito had been suppress ed; and the old government, to strike terror

into the mal-contents, ordered 39 persons to be executed, among whom were four marquisses and counts, eight ecclesiastics, fourteen lawyers, and the president, the marquis of Selva Alegre.

The people of Mexico have raised a contribution of four millions of dollars, for, the support of the war against France.

GREAT BRITAIN.

A Dispatch of which the following is an extract, has been received from Lieut er.ant General Viscount Wellington, dated Alverca, July 25, 1810.

The cavalry attached to General Craufurd's advanced guard remained in the villages near the fort of La Conception till the 21st instant, when the enemy obliged it to retire towards Almeida, and the fort La Conception was deProyed From the 21st till yesterday morn ing, brigadier-general Craufurd continued to occupy & position near Almeida, with his left within 800 yards of the fort, and his right extending towards Junca. The enemy at tacked him in this position yesterday morning, shortly after daylight, with a very large body of infantry and cavalry, and the brigadier-ge. mera retired across the bridge over the Coa. In this operation, I am sorry to say that the. troops under his command suffered considerable loss. The enemy afterwards made three efforts to storm the bridge over the Coa, in all of which they were repulsed. I am informed that throughout this trying day, the command. ing officers of the 45d, 52d, and 95th regiments, lieutenant-colonel Beckwith, lieutenant-colonel Barclay, and lieutenant-colonel Hull, and all the officers and soldiers of these excellent regiments distinguished themselves. In lieutenant-colonel Hull, who was killed, his Majesty has lost an able and deserving oficer. Brigadier-general Craufurd has also noticed the steadiness of the 3d regiment of Portuguese Chasseurs, under the command of hieutenant-colonel Elder. Since yesterday the enemy have made no movement. Copy of General Craufurd's Report, inclosed in Lord. Wellington's Dispatch of the 25th of July Carvelbal, July 25, 1810..

MY LORD.-I have the honour to report to your lordship, that yesterday morning the Enemy advanced to attack the light division with between 3 and 4000 cavalry, a considerable number of guns, and a large body of infantry. On the first appearance of the heads of their columns, the cavalry and brigade of artillery attached to the division advanced to support the picquets, and captain Ress, with four guns, was for some time engaged with those attached to the enemy's cavalry, which were of much larger calibre. As the immense superiority of the enemy's force displayed itself, we fell back gradually towards the fortress, upon the right of which the infantry of the division was posted, having its left in some inclosures near the windmill, about 800 yards from the place, and its right 3

to the Coa, in a very broken and extensive position, which it was absolutely necessary to occupy, in order to cover the passage of the cavalry and artillery through the long defile. leading to the briage. After this was effected, the infantry retired by degrees, and in as good. order as it is possible in ground so extremely intricate. A position close in front of the bridge was maintained as long as was necessa

y, to give time for the troops which had passed to take up one behind the river; and the bridge was afterwards defended with the greatest gallantry, though I am sorry to say. with considerable loss, by the 43d and part of the 95th regiment. Towards the afternoon the firing ceased; and after it was dark, I withdrew the troops from the Coa, and retired to this place. The troops behaved, with the greatest gallantry.

To Lord Viscount Wellington, St.

Those returned as prisoners and missing were taken in a charge of the enemy's cavalry just after our cavalry and guns had began to retire.

Names of Officers Killed, Wounded, and Missing.

Killea,-43d foot, lieutenant colonel E. Hull, captain E. Cameron, and lieutenant J. Nison. 95th foot, lieutenant D. M‘Leod.

Wounded.-Staff, lieutenant Shaw, 43 re giment, aid de camp to brigadier-general R. Craufurd, slightly 14th light dragoons, lieutenant Blatchford, severely. 1st battalion of the 43d regiment, captains P. Destion, T. Lloyd, and W. F. P. Napier, slightly; captain J. W. Hall, severely; lieutenant G. John stone, slightly; lieutenant J. P. Hopkins, se❤ verely; lieutenant H. Hancot, slightly; lieu-. tenants J, M'Dearmaid, J. Stevenson, and R. Frederick, severe.y. 528 ditto, Major H. Ridewood, slightly; captain R. Campbell, ditto.. 95th ditto, captain j. Creagh, and S. Mitchell,, severely, since dead; 1st lieutenant, H. C.. Smith, slightly; 1st lieutenants, M. Pratt, P. Riley, A. Coane, and T. Smith, severely; 24 lieutenant G. Simmons, ditto.

Missing.-1st battalion 95th regiment, lieu. tenant J. G. M-Cullock, taken prisoner. Return of the number of the Killed, Wounded, and Missing, of a division of the Army under the command of bis Excellency Lieutenant-General Lord Viscount Wellington, K.B in Action with the French army near ilmeida, on the 24th of July, 1810.

1

Head-quarters, Alverca, July 25, 1810, Staff-1 staff, wounded. Royal Horse Arvil lery, 2 horses, killed; 2 horses, wounded; 2 rank and file, missing. 14th light dragoons, 1 serjeant, killed; 1 lieutenant, I rank and file, 4 horses, wounded. 16th light dragoons, 3 horses wounded. 1st hussars, king's German legion, 1 horse, killed; 2 rank and file, 3 horses wounded. 1st battalion 13 foot, i lieutenant-colonel, 1 captain, 1 lieutenant, 2 serjeants, 13 rank and file, killed; 4 cap ́tains, 6 lieutenants, 8 serjeants, 77 rank and file, wounded; 1 drummer, 14 rank and file, missing. 1st battalion 524 foot, 1 rank and

file,

which this publication consists, form an agreeable sonata, and a useful exercise for the finger. They are conceived with much vivacity of imagination, possess many well-constructed and striking passages, and place Mr. Gildon's talents, in this species of composition, in an advantageous point of view.

A familiar Duet for two Performers on one Pianoforte. Composed by John Monro. 35.

This duet (in which Mr. Monro has introduced the celebrated Scotch air "O Nanny wilt thou go wi' me?") is written with ability. The subject of the opening movement is firm and energetic, the bor

rowed air is decorated with judgment, the concluding rondo is cheerful and pleasing, and the combination of the four parts, evinces considerable science and skill.

The admired Spanish Air, danced as a Pas Deus, by Miss Lupine and Mr. Noble, in the Grand Ballet of the Castilian Minstrel; also in the favourite Spanish Divertisement at the English Opera. Arranged as a Rondo for the Pianoforte, by Henry R. Bishop, esq. 25.

In this air we find much of the true Spanish character. Mr. Bishop has worked it into an exercise for the pianoforte, and in that shape it will, we doubt not, find many admirers.

THE

HE writer of this article has been often asked for a remedy for watchfulness, or broken and unquiet sleep. He has lately had a patient who had tried nearly all the medicinal or dietetic opiates, as well as other methods, for producing the same effect, without obtaining the object of his wishes. The reporter recommended a trial of the cold bath, which he had found in some former in stances to prove narcotic, where other experiments had failed, and it has not in this latter case altogether disappointed his expectation. At the conclusion of the day on which this invalid has bathed, he invariably feels a disposition to sleep, although on other nights he continues to experience his former wakefulness. The cold bath is by no means a novel prescription for the malady we are speaking of: we find Horace long ago recommending it

"Transnanto Tiberim, somno quibus est opus alto."

Next to involuntary vigilance, ranks the almost equal distress of anxious and agitated slumber. It is sufficiently known that the condition of the mind in sleep, is modified by the occurrences and impressions of the previous day; but we are not perhaps equally aware, that dreams cannot fail to have a certain degree of reciprocal influence upon our ideas and sensations during the waking state. The good or the bad day of the sick man, depends much upon his good or his bad night; and, although in a less degree, the same circumstance affects ho are considered as well.

alike

1

The due digestion of our food is scarcely more necessary to health, as it relates even to the body, and more especially as it concerns the mind, than the soundness and serenity of our slumbers. After a night of fancy-created tempest, it is not to be expected that we should at once regain our composure. The heaving of the billows continues for some time after the subsidence of the storm; the troubled vibrations survive the delu sion which at first occasioned them; the nerves, for many hours after the cause has ceased, retain the impression of disorder.

The feelings with which we awake determines, in a great measure, the character of the future day. Each day, indeed, may be regarded as a miniature model of the whole of human life; in which the appearance of its first, seldom fails to give a cast and colour to its succeeding stages. The comfortable or opposite

condition of our consciousness immediately subsequent upon sleep, for the most part indicates the degree in which we possess a sound and healthy state of, constitution. To those who are in the unbroken vigour of life, the act of awaken ing is an act of enjoyment; every feel ing is then refreshed, and every faculty is in a manner regenerated; it is a new birth to a new world: but to the hypochondriacal invalid, or to the untuned and unstrung votary and victim of fashionable and frivolous dissipation, the morning light is an intruder. Durin perturbed and restless process of lescence from a diseased dream,