AFRICA. The latest intelligence received from the east coast of Africa, by way of the Red Sea, states that Mr. SALT, the secretary and companion of Lord Valenva, in his voyages and travels in the East, and who was some time since sent by his Majesty with presents to the court of Abyssinia, reached Mocha in October last. He left that place early in the following month for Ait, in the Abyssinian district of Buré. Captain Rudland had been for some time resident at Mocha, and had received several communications from Nathaniel Pierce, whom Lord Valentia left in Abyssinia. It appears that the ras or prime-minister had been successful in several battles, both against the Galla and his rivals. He had sent down Pierce to Ait with presents for Captain Rudland; and it was fully ascertained that the communication thence to Antakalon was easy. There is every reason to believe that Mr. Salt would visit Gondar, and be able to quit the country on his return early in March. The French had, as was expected, taken alarm at his proceedings, and had begun to intrigue at Mocha, at Jidda, and even in Abys sinia. The ras had, however, professed his regard for the English, and declined all communication with them. LIST OF NEW PUBLICATIONS IN AUGUST. As the List of New Publications, contained in the Monthly Magazine, is the ONLY COMPLETE LIST PUBLISHED, and consequently the only one that can be useful to the Public for Purposes of general Reference, it is requested that Authors and Publishers will continue to communicate Notices of their Works (Post paid,) and they will always be faithfully inserted, FREE of EXPENSE. ANTIQUITIES. ΑΝ Cambria's Triumphs, or Britain in its perfect Lustre, showing the Origin and Antiquities of that illustrious Nation. By P. Enderbie. folio, 41. 4s. ARTS, FINE. Sixty Studies from Nature, with Descriptions. By W. Green, esq. large folio, 111.5s. The Young Artist's Assistant, or a familiar Introduction to the Art of Drawing, with Directions for Coloring. By J. Wassell. 5s. BIOGRAPHY. An Account of the Life and Character of Alexander Adam, LL.D. Rector of the High School of Edinburgh, Author of Latin Grammar, Roman Antiquities, &c. with an Appendix. Dedicated to Francis Horner, esq. M.P. 8vo. 5s. 6d. DRAMA. High Life in the City, a Comedy in five Acts, as performed at the Haymarket. By E. J. Eyre. 2s. 6d. EDUCATION. HISTORY. The Edinburgh Annual Register for 1808, in two Parts. 8vo. 11. 4s. Some Account of the ancient and present State of Shrewsbury. 12mo. 7s. 6d. LAW. The Trial of six Men for the wilful Murder of J. Boeding, of West Ham, at the Chelmsford Summer Assizes, in August, 1810. 6s. A short Treatise on Family Settlements and Devises. By T. Keating, esq. 8vo. 5s. A Treatise on the Statute of Limitation. By W. Ballentine, esq. 8vo. 7s. 6d. MEDICINE, SURGERY, &C. A System of Materia Medica, and Phar macy. By J. Murray. 2 vols. 8vo. 21s. Synopsis Pharmacopoeia Londinensis. By a Physician. 1s. 6d. A Treatise on the Principal of Dublin. By M. Jusmas, M.D. I.C.D. 8vo. 10s. 6d. MILITARY. The Formation and Manœuvres of Infantry, calculated for the effectual Resistance of Cavalry, and for Attacking them successfully on a new Principle of Tactics. By the Chevalier Dusal; from the French by J. Mac A Collection of Catechisms. By W. Ma- "donald, esq. F.R.S. 8vo. 7s 6d. vor, LL.D. 2 vols. 10s. 6d. An Introduction to Merchants' Accounts, er Commercial Book-keeping by Double Entry. By W. Tate. 12mo. 4s. 6d. Hymns for Infant Minds. By the Authors of Original Poems for Infant Minds, Rhymes for the Nursery, &c 1s. 6d. Fables on Men and Manners. By Richard Gurney, jun. esq. 59. MONTHLY MAG. No. 203. MISCELLANEOUS. Reply of General Sarrazin to the Narrative made by General Clarke, Minister of War to Bonaparte. 1s. The Defence of Lieutenant-colonel J. Bell, of the 1st batalion of Madras Artillery, un his Trial at Bangalore before a General Court Martial, as it was read in Court by his Counsel, C. Marsh, esq. 3s. X An Account of the Sacrifices made, and the Sufferings experienced, by the valiant Inhabitants of the Tyrol and Voralberg, during the last and preceding War; with a Sketch of the Military Events in those Countries. By Major C. Muller. 1s. 6d. Observations on Milford Haven, in a Letter to the Right Hon. Lord Viscount Melville, in Reply to some allusions to that Haven, which appeared in his Lordship's Letter to the Right Hon. S. Percival. 1s. 6d. Supplement to the Letter addressed to the Editor of the Edinburgh Review. By Major S. Waring. 2s. Earl Grey's Letter to Colonel de Charmilly, in Reply to a Letter sent in consequence of Accusations said to be made by his Lordship in the House of Peers, April 21st, 1809. 1s. 6d. An Appeal to the Public by Mr. Dubost, against the Calumnies of the Editor of the Examiner. 2s. The Harleian Miscellany, selected from the Library of E. Hayley, Earl of Oxford, with Notes. By J. Park, F.S.A, Vol. VI. 4to. 31. 3s. Lady. Revised and corrected, by William Cowper, esq. third edition, 2s. 6d. boards. Retirement; with other Original Poems. By Cyrus Redding. 5s. POLITICS AND POLITICAL ECONOMY. The Character and Conduct of British Ministers in War, and in Negociation, illustrated by Facts; with Observations. 1s. 6d. Dialogues of the Dead, or Conyersations in the Shades. Ss. 6d. THEOLOGY. Meditations for the Aged. By J. Brewsten. 8vo. 9s. 6d. Four Sermons preached in London at the Sixteenth General Meeting of the Missionary Society, May, 1810. 3s. A Sermon preached at the Visitation of his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, in the Parish Church at Ashford. By R. Laurence, LL.D. 1s. 6d. The Four Gospels and Acts of the Apostles, with Notes explanatory and practical, for the use of families and schools. By J. Mann, D.D. 12mo. 1s. 6d. Divine Justice; a Sermon preached before the Associated Ministers and Churches of Hampshire, at West Cowes, Isle of Wight. By S. Sleigh. 8vo. Sermons, by the late Rev. Richard de Courcy, of Shrewsbury, second edition; to which is added an Essay on pure and unde filed Religion, with Portrait, 9s. boards. De Courcy's Christ Crucified, the distinguishing Topic of the Gospel, &c. Second edition, 9s. boards. Walker's (of Truro), Fifty-two Sermons on the Baptismal Covenant, Ten Commandments, the Creed, &c. being Sermons for every Sunday in the Year. 2 vols. 8vo. new edition, 16s. boards. Burn's (Colonel) Christian Officer's Complete Armour, containing Evidences in favour of Divine Revelation. Third edition, 4s. 6d. boards. Burn's (Colonel) Who fares Best-the Christian or the Man of the World? or the Advantages of a Life of real Piety, compared with a Life of fashionable Dissipation. Third edition, 2s. 6d. boards. A New Defence of the Holy Roman Church against Heretics and Schismatics. By the Author of Hore Solitaire. Second edition, 2s. 6d. boards. Dr. Gill's Exposition of the Old and New Testament. Part XVI. price 16s. The Work will be completed in Eighteen Parts. VOYAGES AND TRAVELS. Tour to Haford, in Cardiganshire, the Seat of J. Johnes, esq. M.P. By J. E. Smith, M D. royal folio, 121. 12s. PATENTS PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. MR. JOHN THOMAS GROVES'S (WHITE HALL), for an Improved Mode of Constructing Buildings, by which Expense and Labour are surved, and the Build ing secured from the Dry Rot. THE HE reader must be referred to the specification for the mode adopted by the patentee, his description being a mere explication of figures; but the whole art appears to consist of making apertures in every part of the building, for the free circulation of the air. In fourteen figures, we have plans for internal and external walls, which exhibit not only the thickness of the walls, but likewise the apertures for the air, and how they are introduced between the floors. How far Mr. Grove's plan and method may conduce to the diminution of expense and labour, we do not pretend to determine, but leave the subject to practical surveyors and architects: but we have much doubt about its being a specific against the dry rot. The mere circulation of air, we suspect, from numerous experiments, and well ascertained facts, is not in all cases sufficient to prevent the evil. This is a disease that requires a specific remedy, either as a cure when it begins to shew itself, or as a preven tative in cases where the seed is dispersed; but at present, perhaps, in a dormant or latent state. In our last volume, page 636, we have given an account of Mr. Randall's "Philosophical Enquiry into the Cause, with Directions for the Cure of the Dry Rot in Buildings." To this little work, in connection with the invention before us, we refer the readers of the Monthly Magazine. MR. JOSEPH STEPHENSON'S (MORTIMERSTREET), for an Improved Machine for filtering and purifying Water. This machine may be made in various forms, but the patentee prefers a watertight vessel, in the shape of a chest, whose breadth and depth are about equal, with a length double of either. In this body, or lower part, and from one side to the other, there is to be a divi. sion going from the upper face, or cover of the body, down to within about an inch of the bottom, and joined to the top or cover, and to the sides, in such a man ner that water cannot pass from one compartment of the body into the other, but only through the space left at the bottom of the division. For the upper face or cover, there are two openings, one over each compartment, through which are to be introduced, first, a level stratum or layer of sand, previously washed to separate any clay or other soluble matter that may be mixed with it; over the sand is to be placed a layer of grossly pounded charcoal, and over this another layer of sand. Things be ing thus disposed, a water-tight vessel is to be inserted above the upper surface, and descending through it nearly to the upper surface of the upper stratum of sand. This vessel is to hold the water to be filtered, and at the bottom of it sponge is to be placed in such a way as to be compressed by the water above. The use of the sponge is to keep back the foul matter that may be in the water. Without entering into all the minutiae of this machine, its operation may be readily conceived. The water received into the descending branch, passes through the compressed sponge through a stratum of sand, a stratum of charcoal, and through another of sand when it reaches the bottom of the compartment under the descending branch, whence it flows through the opening at the bottom of the middle division into the other compartment, and then ascends through a stratum of charcoal, and through another of sand, and rises into the ascending branch which serves as a reservoir for the filtered water; from this it may be drawn off by a cock, or otherwise, as may happen. The sponge must be occasionally taken but to be cleaned, and the charcoal, after a certain time, must be replaced by other that is more pure. The sand also must occasionally be replaced or well washed. MR. RICHARD WITTY'S (KINGSTON-UPONHULL), for his Invention of certain parts of Rotative Steam Engines. The improvements set forth in this specification, consist in making, arranging, and combining, the reciprocating rectilinear motion with the rotative, in such a manner that steam cylinders, with pistons moving in them in a rectilinear direction, do at the same time turn round upon a horizontal axle or shaft, and partly form, or constitute, what is called the fly-wheel. By this combination of the cylinders upon, or in a vertical wheel, is effected a complete rotative engine, with pistons moving in straight lines in their cylinders, (or cy linders and much tighter, on a straight line in s cylinder than in any other direction whatever; consequently, lighter packing makes them steam-tight. The operation of re-packing, or screwing it down, is certainly more easy to perform; and they are less liable to get out of order than pistons on the rotative principle. These qualities of the cylinder have operated to render it the only fit apparatus for pneumatic experiments. Whether for exhaustion or condensation, nothing but a cylinder with a piston moving in a direct line, has been found to answer for so nice a purpose. To the double reci procating beam or lever engine my invention is some way analogous; inas much as it possesses similarity in cylin ders, and pistons acted upon by steam pressing them upon a vacuum. But the manner of disposing, filling, and exhaust, ing those cylinders, and of applying the power in a circular direction, are the pe culiar properties of my improvement. From this combination, all of what may be called the moving effective apparatus, turns round upon one common centre, and constitutes a fly-wheel: Hence a great diminution of friction is the natural inference; and, I can safely assert, it agrees with my practice. By this inethod of hanging the cylinder upon the flywheel, my engine has at once the advantages of the rectilineal and the rotative, and approaches towards a minimum of the disadvantages of both. The extensiveness of the application of steam as an agent of power, renders it impossible to prescribe the best manner in which all the variety of machinery should be connected with it. Where pumps are want linders upon their pistons) without interposing a beam, crank, or other contrivance, between the rectilinear and the rotative, as in the engines now in use; and which engine, thus combined, performs the filling and discharging itself of steam in a superior manner, without the aid of valves, or cocks: of course the gear called hand-gear, is also rendered unnecessary. As, however, there are other rotative engines which move without beam, crank, &c. Mr. Witty thinks it necessary to state in what his invention differs from these. "In the latter" (referring to the engines of others) he says, "a piston or pistons, have been made to revolve round a centre, or round a drum, with a variety of ingenious contrivances to keep the vacuum and the steam-apart, by variously construct ed valves, some sliding, others turning upon hinges; and in two or three cases alternately, revolving pistons have been used. I have mentioned these merely to shew that my invention differs as widely from them as from the engine which works with a beam and lever; for in iny invention, I do not make use of a piston which turns round upon the centre or axis of its steam vessel, or cylinder, or in it, or concentric with it; but my pistons move in straight lines, like the pistons of the beam or lever engine, and are at the same time carried with their cylinders round upon, or in a vertical wheel, which they partly constitute, and which operates as a regulating or fly-wheel; the pistons thereby acquire a compound motion, participating of the rectilineal and the rotative, which describe a curve, varying with the speed of the engine, and the length of its stroke. The applied to be worked, I find it convenient to eation of the expansive force of steam, and the power obtained by its condensation, are not new; nor do I attempt to innovate permanent principles, but hinge my claim solely upon the peculiar man. ner of making, arranging, and combining the parts, so as to form and make, and which have formed and made, a complete, simple, and effective engine or engines, by which the power obtained from steam, both by expansion and condensation, is communicated to machinery at a comparatively small expense, and with some advantage in the saving of fuel." In Mr. Witty's observations on his own invention, compared with those of others, he says, "I have found, and doubt not others have also proved, that pistons move with greater facility hang their rods upon the reciprocating rods of the engine. From the same pin I also, where required, give motion to a wheel twice the speed of the engine. But as speed and power can be regulated and adapted by various methods, the application may almost be deemed arbitrary, and therefore unnecessarily obtru ded, or at least not indispensably the subject of much observation." MR. WILLIAM DOCKSEY'S (BRISTOL), for Improvements in the Process of Manufacturing Ivory Bluck, and for redu cing other Articles to an impalpable Powder. This invention consists in manufactu ring ivory-black, and all articles capable of an easy separation of their parts, by calcination, &c. such as potter's clays, Aints, colouring and glazing materials, with a very stnall quantity of water, in grinding or reducing the said articles to powder; by which means much labour is saved, and the stoves employed to heat the rooms, or other places, for evaporating the water used in the processes now practised, rendered unnecessary. The methods adopted by the present patentee are as follow: First. "To manufacture ivory-black, take the bones and sloughs of the horns of animals, and calcine them to blackness, in close or air-tight vessels, then crush them, in their dry state, between metal rollers of about two feet diameter, until they are broken sufficiently small to pass through a hopper into the eye of a mill-stone, and be reduced to powder between mill-stones, in an hori zontal situation, exactly similar to the method of reducing or grinding corn or grain to flour. By a like process, the powder thus obtained is then partly passed through a dressing machine, constructed with brushes and fine iron or brass wire, upon a circular frame, inclosed within a rim, which receives it. Such part as passes through the meshes of the wire (which should be about sixtyeight to an inch) is sufficiently fine for use, and is damped down by a small quantity of water sprinkled upon it, and packed for sale; the coarser part is re turned to the hopper, and ground over again between the stones. Secondly. "In respect to the flints, potter's clays, and colouring and glazing materials, the method is to take calcined flints, dried clays, calcined lead and lead ores, manganese, or whatever article is proper for glazing, and pass it under stampers or heavy hammers, to break or bruise it in small pieces, sufficiently small to pass between metal rollers, where it is crushed so fine as to be reduced to a pul verulent state; it is then ground in its dry state between mill-stones, in a manner similar to that before described for manufacturing ivory-black. It is then passed through a dressing machine (inclosed within a very tight and close bian, which receives it); the coarser parts being thus separated, the finer parts are then mixed with water in a tub or deep vessel. The coarser parts are farther separated by subsidence, and the finer and thinner parts passed through a fine lawn or cypress sieve: the water is then drained off, and evaporated by heat from the substance, and the powder thus ob 'tained is of a superior kind of fineness." MONTHLY RETROSPECT OF THE FINE ARTS. The Use of all New Prints, Communications of Articles of Intelligence, &c. are requested under cOVER to the Care of the Publisher. The Fine Arts of the English School; illustrated by a Series of bigbly-finished Engravings; from Paintings, Sculpture, and Architecture, by the most eminent English Artists; with bistorical, descriptive, and biographical Letter Press. Edited by John Britton, F.S.A. No. II. E VERY attempt to illustrate and make known the works of British artists, especially when executed on a liberal scale, is deserving of patronage and encouragement. It is a notorious fact, that the British school of the fine arts, although in a vigorous and promising infancy, and probably the first at present in Europe, lacks that liberal patronage and encouragement from the nation at large, which alone can render it great and flourishing. The late rejection of the plan offered to government by the directors of the British Institution, and the jealous rivalry (so prejudicial to both institutions and the arts) between that society and the Royal Academy relative to their exhibitions, occasion these observations, which shall be resumed at some future occasion, when the existing differences between those societies shall have assumed a more decided feature. The work before us is the second Num ber of a publication, the objects of which we have before detailed and investigated. The contents of the present number are: A Portrait of Romney the Painter, engraved by Bond, from a picture by Shee, accompanied by a Memoir from the pen of Thomas Phillips, esq. R.A.; the Expiation of Orestes, engraved by Bond, from a picture in the possession of Thos. Hope, esq. by Westall; an Engraving, by Bond, from a drawing, by H. Corbould, of a Statue of Resignation, being part of a sepulchral monument preparing for the Baring family, by Flaxman; and a Section through the Transepts of the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, London, engraved by John Le Keux, after a drawing from actual measurment by James Elmes, Architect. The same care and attention to the gra phic department is bestowed in this as in the former Number, and the plate of the architectural Section is one of the most excellent specimens of architectural cur rectness |