Or 'mid her tresses play;

Prepare your sweets, your music bring, With all the roseate stores which Spring

Has given to bless the day. Dive to the ocean's depths profound, Compass the massy globe around,

From earth, and sea, and sky; Pour out the year's collected store, Each bounteous planet too explore,

And lay the treasures by.

Then of ambrosial dews and showers, Of amaranth's unfading flowers,

Of nectar from on high;
Love's best delicious draught prepare,
(Of love unmix'd with pain or care,)
And equal shares supply.

Then make the feast, and at the treat
Bid Mirth and Pleasure take a seat,
And laughing Joy preside;
Enclose the fair with magic art,
Bind in his easy chains her heart,

And dark-brow'd Care deride.
Now bid the dance, and gaily sing,
And on each light and airy wing,
Tune sweet the sprightly lay;

Raise high the strain, and give command
To all your happy joyous band;
Proclaim it, to the day:

"We that wanton in the air,

Guardians of our favourite fair, Sometimes visiting the fountains Where we sip the glassy stream; Sometimes floating o'er the mountains Riding on the moon's pale beam; Ever there our vigils keeping O'er the chosen head we guard, Hovering o'er our charge when sleeping,

Watchfulness our best reward:

Chorus.-Let us celebrate the day.

Dance and sing and sport away.

"Light as gossamer we move,

Every step attun'd to love, Every mortal eye unseeing, While our revels we enjoy ; Every evil distant fleeing

That could dare our peace annoy ; Thus we welcome in the morning, Joyous moments of delight; Grief and care, and envy scorning, Thus we'll welcome in the night. Chorus. Let us celebrate the day, Dance and sing and sport away."

Royal ACADEMY of COPENHAGEN. HIS Academy has proposed the Tfollowing prize questions for 1810:

-In Mathematics. A body which has the form and figure of a cylinder, such as Congreve's rockets, is projected at a certain elevation or angle with the horizon, and is continually impelled by the flames which issue from it. The substance which feeds the fire is gradually consumed, and the weight of the body diminished. This being the case, 1. What is the curve described by that body? 2. If the inflammable matter contained by the cylinder burns in such a manner that the inflamed strata are neither parallel to each other nor perpendicular to the axis, to what perturbations will the rocket be subject: how are they to be prevented or corrected? 3. As it is necessary that the cylinder be perforated and hollowed so as to afford the flame a greater surface and to increase the force of the flame that issues from it, it is required to know what form or figure is most advantageous for the excavation? The society wishes that attention be paid, if possible, to the resistance and pres sure of the air; but yet the prize will be

adjudged to the best answer to the above three questions. In Natural Philosophy. Philosophers have long bestowed great

pains on seeking to discover the connection that subsists between electricity and magnetism, which exhibit phenomena so similar and so different. Modern observations and discoveries have furnished new means of prosecuting these researches. The older philosophers have left us numerous experiments on this subject, which do not exactly correspond with the principles of the experimental philosophy of the present day. Some philosophers have made new and important experiments which have not been sufficiently examined or repeated. The Royal Society thinking that this part of experimental philosophy may be consi derably improved, offers a prize to the writer, who, taking experience for his guide and support, shall give the best exposition of the mutual connection between electricity and magnetism. In Philosophy. 1. There are persons who still deny the utility of physical doctrines and experiments in explaining the phenomena of the mind and soul: others, on the contrary, contemptuously reject psychologi

cal

cal observations and reasons, in researches which relate to the body, or restrict the application of them to certain diseases. It would be useful to discuss these two opinions, to shew and esta blish more clearly how far psychology and natural philosophy may be combined, and to demonstrate,by historical evidence, what each of these sciences has hitherto contributed to the advancement of the other. 2. The idea of an universal and characteristic language proposed by Leibnitz, having never been sufficiently explained by himself, and appearing to have not been understood by any person, the question is, to give an accurate and luminous designation of that language, to point out the way that is capable of leading to this desirable object, and at the same time to examine how far the methods hitherto tried in certain sciences, for instance, in mathematics and chemistry, might be correctly applied to philosophy and the other branches of human knowledge. For the best answer to each of these questions, the academy offers a gold medal of the value of fifty Danish ducats. Answers to all, except the last, the term of which is extended to 1811, must be sent before the conclusion of 1810, either in Latin, French, English, German, Swedish, or Danish, to M. BUYGE, professor of astronomy at Copenhagen.

ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

DR. WOLLASTO has lately given an account and description of a reflective Goniometer, to be applied to the measuring of angles of crystals. By this instrument, in most cases, the inclination of surfaces may be measured as exactly as is wanted for common purposes, and when the surfaces are sufficiently smooth to reflect a distinct image of distant objects, the position of faces onlyth of an inch in breadth may be determined with as much precision as those of any larger crystals. For this purpose, the ray of light reflected from the surface is employed as a radius, instead of the s rface itself; and for a radius of th of an inch, we may substitute either the d stance of the eye from the crystal, which would naturally be about twelve or fifteen inches; or by a second mode, substitute the distance of objects seen at a hundred or more yards from us. The instrument consists of a circle graduated on its edge, and mounted on a horizon tal axle, supported by an upright pillar. This axle being perforated, admits the MONTHLY MAG, No. 203,

passage of a smaller axle through it, to which any crystal of moderate size may be attached by a piece of wax, with its edge, or intersection of the surfaces, horizontal and parallel to the axis of mo tion. The position of the crystal is first adjusted, so that by turning the smaller axle, each of the two surfaces, whose inclination is to be measured, will reflect the same light to the eye. The circle is then set to zero or 180°, by an index attached to the pillar that supports it. The small axle is then turned, till the farther surface reflects the light of a candle, &c. to the eye; and lastly, the circle is turned by its larger axle, till the second surface. reflects the same light. This second surface is thus ascertained to be in the same position as the former surface had been. The angle through which the circle has moved, is the supplement to the inclination of the surfaces; but as the graduations on its margin are num bered accordingly in an inverted order, the angle is correctly shewn by the index without computation. By this instrument a perfectly clean and uniform frac ture is not necessary, for since all those small portions of a shattered surface, that are parallel to one another, glisten at once with the same light, the angle of an irregular fracture may be determined nearly as well, as when the reflecting fragments are actually in the same plane. The inventor of this goniometer_thinks the accuracy of it to be such, that a circle of moderate dimensions, with a vernier adapted to it, will probably afford corrections to many former observations. He adds, that he has already remarked one instance of a mistake that prevails respecting the common carbonate of lime, which he particularly mentions, because this substance is very likely to be employed as a test of the correctness of such a goniometer, by any one who is not convinced of its accuracy from a distinct conception of the principles of its construction. The inclination of the surfaces of a primitive crystal of carbonate of lime, is stated to be 104° 28′ 40′′, a result deduced from the supposed position of its axis, at an angle of 45° with each of its surfaces. Dr. Wollaston contends, that the angle is not 45° exactly, but 45° 20′, for he finds the inclination of the surfaces to each other is nearly, if not accurately, 105°, as it was formerly determined to be by Iluygens; and since the measure of the superficial angle, given by sir Isaac Newton, corresponds with this deterinination of Huy

gens, his evidence may be considered as 'a confirmation of the same result.

Sir JAMES EARLE laid before the society an interesting, but truly distressing, account of a calculus, taken after death, from the bladder of sir Walter Ogilvie, bart. This gentleman, an officer in the army, at the age of twenty-three, received a blow on his back, from the boom of a vessel, which paralized the pelvis and lower extremities. During the first two months, after the accident, he was obliged to have his water drawn off, and for fourteen months he remained in an horizontal posture, and though he then had recovered the use of the bladder and of his limbs, sufficiently to walk across the room by the help of crutches, and also to ride, when placed on an easy low horse, his health continued many years in a weak and precarious state, while the limbs acquired but little additional strength. About twenty years after the accident, symptons were perceived of a stone in the bladder, and it was recommended to him to submit to an operation; but from circumstances it was postponed for eight years, though his health declined, and the irritation and pains in the bladder greatly increased; he now be came unable to evacuate his water in an erect position, and the inconvenience in creased so much, that at last he could discharge none without standing almost on his head, so as to cause the upper part of the bladder to become lower, and this he was obliged to do frequently, sometimes every ten minutes. At length he came by water to London, and determined to submit to the operation: his sufferings were immense, but the attempt did not succeed: the main body of the calculus was too hard to be broken in pieces, and too large to be brought away, unless by an operation above the 09 pubis, which was considered as too uncertain and dangerous to hazard even the attempt. In ten days after the operation, he resigned a most singularly mi serable existence. On examination after death, the form of the stone appeared to have been moulded by the bladder; the lower part having been confined by the bony pelvis, took the impression of that cavity, and was smailer than the upper part, which having been unrestricted in its growth, except by the soft parts, was larger, and projected so as to lie on the os pubis. The stone weighed forty-four ounces, the form was elliptical, the periphery on the longer axis

1

was sixteen inches, on the shorter fourteen. The ureters were much increased in their dimensions and thickness, and were ca pable of containing a considerable quantity of fluid; they had, in fact, become supplemental bladders, the real bladder being at last nothing more than a painful and difficult conductor of urine, which trickled down in furrows formed by it on. the superior surface of the stone. This explained the cause which obliged the patient, when compelled to evacuate urine, to put himself in that posture which made the upper part of the bladder become the lower; by this means a relaxation, or separation, was allowed to take place between the bladder and the stone, so that the ureters had an oppor tunity of discharging their contents; when the body was erect, their mouths, or valvular openings, must have been closed by the pressure of the abdominal viscera on the bladder, against the stone. "The disease," says sir James Earle, "probably originated when the patient was obliged to continue such a length of time on his back, in which position the surface of the water only may be supposed to have heen, as it were, decanted, and the bladder seldom, if ever, com pletely emptied: thus, in a constitution perhaps naturally inclined to form concretions, the earthy particles subsided, and by attraction soon began to lay the rudiments of a stone, which was not felt above the brim of the pelvis, till many years after." The texture of the stone, upon examination, appeared different from the generality of calculi, to contain more animal matter. Dr. Powell examined its composition, by chemical ana lysis, and found it to consist of the triple phosphate of ammonia and magnesia, with phosphate of lime, mixed with a certain portion of animal inatter, which was separated and floated under a meinbrane-like form, on the solution of the salts in diluted acids. The calculus agrees with the description given by Fourcroy, and confirms his observations on this species: "Ce sont aussi les concretions urinaires les plus volumineuses de toutes; elles ont depuis le grosseur d'une oeuf jusqu'à une volume qui occupe toute la vessie, en la distendant méme considerablement :" hence it should seem, that similar instances have occurred to this able chemist; "but," says sir J. Earle, “from my own observation, and from all the information that I have been able to collect, no calculus

from