The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of ScienceTaylor & Francis, 1899 - English periodicals |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
absorption æther aluminium approximately atoms calculated calorimeter carbonic acid cathode cent centim centimetre centrosphere coefficient coil column compressibility condenser conductivity constant cooling cubic centimetre curve cylinder density diameter difference-formula distance earth effect electric electromotive force electrons energy equation experiments explosion formula frequency gases give given glass hydrogen increase intensity ionization isopentane J. J. Thomson k₁ layer light lines liquid maximum measured mercury metal method metres millim molecules motion negative ions observations obtained ordinary paper particles pentane phenol Phil plane plate platinum positive potential pressure produced proportional rate of leak ratio reduced refraction resistance Röntgen rays saturation shown solid solution specific heat suppose surface Temp temperature theory thermometer thickness thread triplet tube uranium radiation vanish vapour-pressure velocity vibrations volts volume water-glass wattmeter waves wire zero
Popular passages
Page 54 - It seems, therefore, on the whole most probable that the sun has not illuminated the earth for 100,000,000 years, and almost certain that he has not done so for 500,000,000 years. As for the future, we may say, with equal certainty, that inhabitants of the earth cannot continue to enjoy the light and heat essential to their life, for many million years longer, unless sources now unknown to us are prepared in the great storehouse of creation.
Page 54 - As for the future, we may say with equal certainty that inhabitants of the earth cannot continue to enjoy the light and heat essential to their life for many million years longer, unless new sources, now unknown to us, are prepared in the great storehouse of creation...
Page 62 - By the solution of the conductivity problem to which I have referred above, with specific heat increasing up to the melting point, as found by Riicker and Roberts-Austen and by Barus, but with the conductivity assumed constant, and by taking into account the augmentation of melting temperature with pressure in a somewhat more complete manner than that adopted by Mr Clarence King, I am not led to differ much from his estimate of 24 million years.
Page 52 - Huxley in 1869, when for a second time, after a seven years' interval, he was president of the society. " I do not suppose that at the present day any geologist would be found * * * to deny that the rapidity of the rotation of the earth may be diminishing, that the sun may be waxing dim, or that the earth itself may be cooling. Most of us, I suspect, are Gallios, 'who care for none of these things...
Page 303 - It was there shown that the relation p = bTi—a at constant volume (where a and b are constants depending on the nature of the substance and on the volume) holds good with at any rate but small error from the largest volume (4000 cub.
Page 102 - ... of a horizontal zinc plate A, 20 cm. square. A zinc plate B, 20 cm. square, was fixed parallel to A and 4 cm. from it. Both plates were insulated. A was connected to one pole of a battery of 50 volts, the other pole of which was to earth ; B was connected to one pair of quadrants of an electrometer, the other pair of which was connected to earth.
Page 66 - Rock*. 28. We have hitherto left, without much consideration, the mother liquor among the crystalline granules at all depths below the bottom of our shoaling lava ocean. It was probably this interstitial mother liquor that was destined to form the basaltic rock of future geological time. Whatever be the shapes and sizes of the solid granules when first falling to the bottom, they must have lain in loose heaps with a somewhat large proportion of space occupied by liquid among them. But, at considerable...
Page 59 - No hypothesis as to chemical action, internal fluidity, effects of pressure at great depth, or possible character of substances in the interior of the earth, possessing the smallest vestige of probability, can justify the supposition that the earth's upper crust has remained nearly as it is, while from the whole, or from any part, of the earth, so great a quantity of heat has been lost.
Page 61 - C. and 2000° C. as more probable, but I was most anxious not to under-estimate the age of the earth, and so I founded my primary calculation on the 7000° F. for the temperature of melting rock. We know now from the experiments of Carl Barusf that diabase, a typical basalt of very primitive character, melts between 1100° C.
Page 100 - B was connected to one pair of quadrants of an electrometer, the other pair of which was connected to earth. Under the influence of the uranium radiation there was a rate of leak between the two plates A and B.