Passive obedience, the doctrine of, jus-

tified by Scripture, 40 and n.
Patriarchs of the house of Hillel, names

and number of, 66 n.
Patristic Exegesis, 161, 242
Patristic reasons for adopting allegory,

459

Patristic system of exegesis, period
during which it lasted, 12; influence
of Augustine during the, 24; and
use made of allegory, 24; rules of
Tichonius as applicable to the, 24-
26; list of chief hermeneutic manuals
in use during the, 23, 24 n.

Paul, St., 166 n., 171, 185 n., 187 n.,
195 n., 196, 282, 287, 290, 291,
348, 363

Paul IV., Pope, 316 n.

Paulinus, Jerome's letter to, 226,

227 ns.; what Du Pin said of, 233 n.
Paulus, 180 n.

Paulus of Burgos, his views on the
literal sense, 278
Pentateuch, the, to be regarded as an
allegory, 35; its injunctions often
perverted, 39; is disparaged by the
Rabbis in comparison with the
Mishna, 62; on extracting Greek
philosophy from the, 130; what the,
was to the Rabbis, 131

περὶ πάσης γραφής, etc., extract from
Clemens Alexan., 24 n.
Persecution for difference of opinion in
religion, view of Calvin and the
Puritan divines on, 350-352
Perspicuity of Scripture, Luther's views
on the, 328

Peter of Clugny, 301

Peter, St., 185, 204, 205, 208 n., 340,
346 n.

Pharisaism, nature of, in the days of the
Second Temple, 11; its mode of
dealing with the Written Law, 11, 56
et seq.; it reigned supreme in the
days of our Lord, 59; its rule of
Mixtures," 64

66

Philip, the inquisitors of, 16
Philip of Hesse, 351

Philo, 12; his principles of interpreta-

tion, 22, 23; reference to various
treatises of, 22 n., 23 n.; his treat-
ment of Genesis i. 1, 37, 38 and
ns. ; the writings of, the chief monu-
ment of Alexandrian exegesis, 111;
the method of allegory in exegesis
culminates in the writings of, 127;
thinks the Greek philosophers bor-
rowed from Moses, 129 n. ; nature of
an Alexandrian of the school of, 133;

539

all renegades from Judaism repudi-
ated by, 133 n.; the Greek method of
exegesis brought to completion by,
136; the works of, the epitome and
development of the Allegorists, 137;
nature and extent of his culture, 137,
138; freedom of his practice in every-
day life, 137 n.; list of works in
which all that is personally known
of him may be found, 137 n.; his
eclecticism, 138; his literalism, 139;
his rationalising, 139; results in a
complete perversion of Scripture,
139, 140; his favourite mode of ad-
dress to his reader, 139; believes
himself to be inspired, 139, 140 and
n.; nature of his theology, 142 and
ns.; account of his allegories, 142-
146; his fancies about masculine
and feminine numbers, 143; his
variable symbols and exegetic fri-
volity, 146, 147; his Views on
inspiration, 147, 148 and n. ; his ex-
traordinary notion regarding Scrip-
ture, 149 n.; his rules of exegesis,
149-152; his exegetic principles
differ from those of the Talmud in
five respects, 150 n.; result of his
system, 152 et seq.; unreliable
nature of his etymologies, 152 n.;
his Messianic hopes, 154 n.; his
futile eclecticism, 155; fables re-
garding, 156 n. ; allusions to, in the
works of the Fathers, 156 n.; sum-
mary and estimate of his system,
154-157; notwithstanding its errors,
there is a Divine progress observable
throughout, 157; his use of the
Septuagint, 452; his phrases for the
literal and allegoric senses, 455;
Messianic hopes and, 457; the

Messiah does not occur in his writ-
ings, 457; a deplorable specimen of
his exegesis, 457

Philology, of the Schoolmen, specimens
of the, 286 n.; Erasmus's knowledge
of, 321 n.

Phylacteries and fringes, dispute as to

the law regarding, 87, 88 and ns.
Picus of Mirandola, his interpretation of
Genesis i. 1, 36; his Platonism and
Kabbalism, 279

Pierius, 12, 202

Pietism, definition of, 381 n. ; its in-
fluence on German life, 382; Dorner
on the opponents of, 382 n.
Pietists, influence of the, in reviving a
healthy system of exegesis in the
17th century, 380

Theodore of Mopsuestia, 177; esti-
mate of Tertullian and his system of
exegesis, 177-180; of Cyprian, 180-
182; of Clement of Alexandria, 183-
187; of Origen, 187-203; of Hilary,
203; of St. Ambrose, 205; of
Dionysius of Alexandria, 206; of
Julius Africanus, 207; of Bishop
Nepos, 209; of the martyr Lucian,
209; of the presbyter Dorotheus,
209; of Ephraem Syrus, 209; of
Diodorus of Tarsus, 212; of Theo-
dore of Mopsuestia, 213; of Theo-
doret, 219; of Basil the Great, 219;
of Gregory of Nyssa, 219; of Gre-
gory of Nazianzus, 220; of Chrysos-
tom, 220; of Jerome, 222; of St.
Augustine, 234 et seq.; prevalence of
allegory in exegesis among the
Fathers generally, 240, 241; errors
of the, in exegesis, 241; Dean
Church on the character of the, 241;
general estimate of the, and of their
wisdom, their zeal, and their forti-
tude, 241; the saying of St. Chrysos-
tom regarding the, 242; the Vener-
able Bede reckoned amongst the,
249 and n.; Luther rejects the
authority of the, 326; remarks of
Luther on the, 471

Fichte, J. H., on the office of gifted
men, 353 n.; estimate of, and his
system of philosophy, 409
Ficino, 282

531

the teachings of the, 62, 63; formed
a part of the Babylonian Talmud,
82; value the Jews set upon the, 82;
abounds with the Haggada, 90

Gematria, 50 n., 51 n., 65 n.; explana-
tion of the Rabbinical principle of,
98-100; derivation of the word,
98 n.; Tertullian on, 99 n. ; other
two branches of the, 100; further
instances of, 445

Genesis, incompetency of early exegesis
to render correctly the first verse of
the first chapter of, 34-38; import-
ance of its teaching to mankind, 34
Gennadius, 25 n., 26 n.

Genoese Bible, the, 5 n.

Genus and species, Tichonius's rule as
to, 25

German Bible, Luther's, remarks on,
323 et seq.

Gérard, Balthazar, 22, 39
Germany, Emperor William of, last
attempt to assassinate the, defended
from Scripture examples, 39 n.
Gerson, Jean, death-bed of, 301
Gibbon, his remark on the freer latitude
of faith and practice allowed to the
disciples of the Messiah, 252 n.
Gideon, 352

Gifted men, J. H. Fichte on the office
of, 353 n.

Gill, Mr. A., on the rendering of the
sense of Scripture, 300 n.

Gitten, 12 n., 64 n., 68 n.
Glosses, difference between, and Cate-
nae, 250 n.; marginal and inter-
linear, mediaeval, nature and uses
of, 251; remarks of various authors
on their uses and abuses, 251 n.
Gnomon, value of Bengel's, 393 and n.
Gospel of love and peace, how it has

been desecrated by ignorance and
fanaticism, 41 and n.

Gratz on Rabbinism, 82 n. ; on various
Jewish books, 90 n.

Greek philosophy, and the tenets of
the Greek philosophers, to be found
in Moses and the Prophets, 128-131
and as.; views of Clement of Alex-
andria on the relation of Christianity
to, 183 n.

Greeks, the poems of Homer become to
the, a sacred book, 135; Philo con-
siders himself and his countrymen
as, 147 n.

Gregory the Great, estimation in which
his thirty-five books of Moralia on
the Book of Job were held during the
Middle Ages, 240 and n. ; is opposed

to teaching grammar, 246; in this
resembles Jack Cade, 246 and n.;
references to, 287, 303

Gregory of Nazianzus, one of the
leaders of the School of Antioch,
219; follows a via media in exegesis,
220; bewails the growth of theologi-
cal technicalities, 291 n. ; on the
quibbling language of certain theo-
logians, 293 n.

Gregory of Nyssa, the most Origenising
of all the Fathers, 202; one of the
leaders of the School of Antioch,
219; his system of exegesis, 220
Gregory of Tours, saying of, regarding
the dark ages, 246
Gregory IX., Pope, 264 n.
Gregory XIII., Pope, 254 n.

Grotius, his opinion of the Fathers,
163 n.; hatred of Calov for, 365 n. ;
remarks of his enemies and others
on, 380 n.

Grynaeus, 234 n., 344
Gutenberg, 314

H.

HAGGADA, nature, contents, and uses
of the, 88-90; opinions of the Rabbis
as to the value of, 89, 90; influence
of the, 91 and n.; specimens of its
exaggerations, 91 n.; buried Scrip-
ture under masses of legendary dis-
tortion, 106

Haggadoth, the, nature and uses of, 89
Halakha, the, 63; origin and nature of,
84 and n.; Buxtorf's definition of,
84 n. ; opinions of the Rabbis regard-
ing, 85; the object of the, 87; void
of all spiritual significance, 106
Halakhoth, "decisions," 18; the,
nature and number of, 87 and n., 89
Hale, Sir Matthew, 40 n.

Haller, made a stand against material-
ism, 402
Hamor, 21
Harpsfield, 278 n.

Haymo of Halberstadt, a mediaeval

compiler, notice of, 250
Heathendom, hatred of the Jews to,

69 n.

Hebrew, the Scriptures always read in
Jewish public worship in, 119;
Buxtorf and Kennicott on, 388 and

n.

Hebrew canon places the historical
books among the Prophets, 9 n.
Hebrews, the whole Epistle to the, an
a fortiori argument, 19 n.

Hediots, the common people regarded
by the Pharisees as, 59 n.
Hegel and his philosophical system,
account of, 411-413 and ns.
Hegelian principle, reference to the, 9
Heidelberg, 315

Heine on the Book of Ecclesiastes, 32
Heinz on St. Ambrose, 206 n.
Hellenistic writers and their influence
on the sacred books, 125 et seq.;
they are superior to the Rabbis,

131

Hengstenberg and his school of reaction,
notice of, 417 n.
Henry III., 39 n.

Herder, services rendered to the Church
by the influence of, 405; nature of
his work, 405-407

Hergenröther, Cardinal, on the School
of Antioch, 212; on the growth of
universities and the fall of scholasti-
cism, 283 n.

Hermas, only one quotation from the
Holy Scriptures in, 171 and n.
Hermeneutic manuals, list of the chief,
during the Patristic period, 23 n.
treatises of the post-Reformation
period, 376 n.

Hermeneutic rules and principles, some,
473-476

Hermolaus Barbarus, 284

Hezekiah, 350

Hibbert Lectures, 308 n., 312 n.
Hilary, 22; estimate of, and of his
method of exegesis, 203

66

Hilkiah, the priest, 48
Hillel, seven rules of interpretation of,
18-22; abstract of the, 18, 19 n.; by
his seven rules he became the founder
of Talmudism, 22; his rule of
'equivalence" as applied to Genesis i.
2, 34; his opinion as to the Law, 50;
highest honour of, to be called a
"scholar of Ezra," 51 n.; after the
death of the last prophet the She-
kinah rested on, 51 n.; he is the first
Rabbi to be called a prince, 52 #.;
his legal fiction of "the Prosbol,'
64; sketch of his origin and work,
65-67 and ns. ; classification and
hermeneutics were his chief services,
65; Shammai and Hillel the last of
the "couples" who led the schools,
65 n.; list of the patriarchs of the house
of, 66 n.; authorities on the life and
work of, 66 n. ; difference between
the work of Christ and that of, 66,
67; Geiger, Friedlander, and Renan
on, 66 n.

Hirschfeld, 4 n.

History, the objective development of
the Idea, 9; secular, a revelation,
10; Vico's estimate of, 10

Hugo of St. Cher, his textual and prac-
tical labours on the Bible, 274 n.
Hugo of St. Victor, his estimate of the
Book of Ecclesiastes, 32; his remarks
on the Word, 252; his theory of
exegesis hopelessly perverted, 252;
his exposition of mysticism and con-
templation, 257

Homiletics, influence of, on interpreta-

tion, 14; have been to an incredible
extent the Phylloxera Vastatrix of
exegesis, 246

Homer, the poems of, become to the
Greeks a sacred book, 135; Plato,
unable to harmonise the crudities of,
banishes the poets from his ideal re-
public, 135; how the Stoic Allegor-
ists deal with, 136
Honorius III., Pope, 253, 254 n.
Holy Scriptures, controversies caused

by the mistaken view of the Reformers
as to the, 369 et seq.

Holy Spirit, the, and the written word,
controversies regarding, 370 et seq.
Hooker on the over-magnifying the
Scriptures, 372

Hosai, writer of one of the lost sacred
books, 7

Humanity, Bibles of, sacred books so
called, 1

Hus is praised by Luther for his exe-
gesis, 279; Luther held and taught
the doctrines of, 312
Hyrcanus, John, 55 n., 66 n.

I.

IDDO, writer of one of the lost sacred
books, 7

ixeus, the famous symbol, 101 and n.
Ignatius, 171

Illyricus, Matthias Flacius, his exposi-
tion of the principles which guided
the Reformers, 342 and n.; Camer-
arius's judgment on, 364 and n.
Innocent III., Pope, 298 and n.
Innocent VIII., Pope, 309
Inquisition, Spanish, justified by Scrip-
ture warrant, 41 and n.
Inspiration, Philo's views on, 146, 147;
Theodore of Mopsuestia's, 217; the
Alexandrian theory of, 217; Jerome's,
230; Luther's, 337, 339; meaning
of, as understood by the greatest

533

theologians and by the Church of
England, 369; the Prayer Book and
Homilies on, 370 n.
Interpreter, aim and qualifications of
the perfect, 4, 5; Luther as an, 5 and
n.; various qualities with which an
ideal, must be endowed, 27; Calvin's
views as to the duties of an, 344, 347
Interpretation, see Exegesis
Intolerance, the, of Calvin and the
Puritans, 350-352

Irenaeus, estimate of, and of his method
of exegesis, 174-177 and ns. ; child-
ish stories in, 175 and n.; he is
the first who suggests the view that
Christ's ransom was paid to Satan,
176

Isaiah, writer of one of the lost sacred
books, 7

Ishmael, Rabbi, opposed to the method
of Aqiba, 72

Isidore, the Decretals of, 312

J.

JABNE, Rabbi Johanan Ben Zakkai
founds a school at, 68 and n.; be-
comes the heiress of Jerusalem, 70
Jacques Le Fevre d'Étaples, his writ-
ings contribute to the Reformation,

314

Jael, 352

Jannaeus, Alexander, 55 n.

Jehovah, disappearance of the true
pronunciation of, 62 n.

Jehu, writer of one of the lost sacred
books, 7

his

Jerome, St., sarcasm of, in reference to
erroneous interpretation, 30; his
rendering of the word Testament,
30 n. ; his rendering of μετανοεῖτε,
118; remarks of, on the Septuagint,
122 n.;
on Eusebius of Vercellae,
202 n.; on Hilary, 203 and n.
remark regarding allegories, 145 n. ;
on St. Ambrose, 205 and n. ; one of
the glories of the School of Antioch,
222; the Origen of the Western
Church, 222; his character, 223;
his Vulgate translation, 223; Sul-
picius Severus's account of him,
223 n.; Ozanam's opinion of him,
223 n.; his teachers, 224 n.; his
abandonment of the Seventy, 224
225; his views respecting the
canon, 225; the care with which he
developed the literal and historic
sense, 225; his defects, 225 et seq. ;

and n.,