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47. BEAUTY OF KENT. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 48. Beauty of Kent. Forsyth, Ed. 3. No. 4.

Fruit pretty large, three inches and a quarter deep, and three inches and a half in diameter, somewhat irregularly formed, with slightly prominent unequal angles, terminating in the crown, which is rather contracted. Eye small, closed by a short calyx, a little depressed, in a narrow angular basin. Stalk short, slender, rather deeply inserted in a funnel-shaped cavity. Skin a very clear yellowish green, mottled with dull red; but on the sunny side of a bright red, mottled and streaked with yellow, intermixed with russet round the base. Flesh firm, yellowish white, crisp, and tender. Juice abundant, and pleasantly acid.

An autumnal dessert apple, from Michaelmas to Christmas.

This is a very handsome apple; and, although not distinguished by any peculiar richness of flavour, it certainly must be reckoned a very excellent fruit.

48. CRAY PIPPIN. Hort. Trans. Vol. v. p. 401. Fruit rather below the middle size, conical, rather angular. Eye small and close, in an even and well formed hollow. Stalk short, deeply inserted. Skin a delicate straw colour, with a very slight blush of red on the sunny side. Flesh yellow, crisp. Juice not abundant, but sweet and highly flavoured.

A very excellent dessert apple, in perfection in October and November. Raised by Richard Waring, Esq. in his garden at Saint Mary's Cray, Kent, and exhibited at the Horticultural Society, October 15. 1822.

49. DOWELL'S PIPPIN. Hort. Trans. Vol. v. p. 268. Fruit, in size and form, somewhat resembling the Ribston Pippin; but more pointed at the crown, and the eye sunk in a more confined and a deeper cavity. Stalk short, deeply inserted. Skin green, nearly covered with a clear thin russet, slightly tinged with brownish

red on the sunny side. Flesh rather finer than that of the Ribston Pippin, but in colour and flavour closely resembling it.

An excellent dessert apple from October to Christ

mas.

Raised from a seed of the Ribston Pippin, in the garden of Stephen Dowell, Esq. at Braygrove, in Berkshire, and exhibited at the Horticultural Society, October 15. 1821.

50. DOWNTON PIPPIN. Pom. Hereford. t. 9. Pom. Mag. t. 113.

Elton Pippin. Of Forsyth, p. 135., according to the Pom. Mag.

Elton Golden Pippin,

Knight's Pippin,

Knight's Golden Pippin,

of different Collections, according to the Pom.

Mag.

Fruit rather larger than a Golden Pippin, cylindrical, flat at the ends. Eye large, open, level with the top. Stalk short, not deeply inserted. Skin nearly smooth, yellow, sprinkled with numerous indistinct specks. Flesh yellowish, crisp, with a brisk, rich, subacid juice.

Ripe in October and November, and will keep till Christmas. Raised by Mr. Knight from the seed of the Orange Pippin, and the pollen of the Golden Pippin.

The Downton Pippin is a most abundant bearer, extremely well adapted for the market, and an excellent apple for cider.

51. DUKE OF BEAUFORT'S PIPPIN. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 284.

Fruit pretty large, of an angular shape, having five very prominent ribs, with small intermediate ones extending from the base to the crown. Eye very deeply sunk. Stalk but little protruded beyond the base, which is as deep as the eye. Skin dark green, with numerous small dark specks intermixed; on the sunny

side softly streaked with a clear pale red, which extends only between the two widest ribs. Flesh pale greenish white, crisp, and tender. Juice abundant, subacid, but pleasant.

A very good culinary apple from Michaelmas to Christmas.

52. DUTCH CODLIN. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 175. French Codlin. Forsyth, Ed. 3. No. 50.

Glory of the West. Of some Nurseries.

Fruit very large, of an oblong figure, with five ribs extending from the base to the crown; the three upper ones being the broadest, and the two lower ones the shortest and most acute, in the manner of the Catshead. Eye small and deep. Stalk short and thick. Skin yellow, but, when fully ripe, of an orange colour on the sunny side. Flesh white, rather dry. Juice a little sugary, or subacid.

A culinary apple from Michaelmas to Christmas.

This apple is known in Gloucestershire, Somersetshire, and some other western counties, by the name of Glory of the West. The tree is not a large grower, although the wood is remarkably strong.

53. ENGLISH CODLIN. Langley. Pom. Lond. t. 74. f. 3.

Codling. Ray (1688), No. 19.

The English Codlin is too well known in every part of England to require any description of it here. It is noticed only with the view of directing the attention of the orchardist to it as an old and valuable apple. The customary method, for at least one hundred and fifty years, has been to raise the trees from suckers, and truncheons, as they are called; and in every old garden where they are found they are diminutive, ill-formed, unproductive, and full of disease, incrusted, as it were, root and branch with the greatest of all pests, the aphis

lanigera, in consequence of which its fruit exhibits scarcely any thing of its original character.

Healthy, robust, and substantial trees are only to be obtained by grafting on stocks of the real sour HedgeCrab; they then grow freely, erect, and form very handsome heads, yielding fruit as superior to those of our old orchards, as the old, and at present deteriorated, Codlin is to the Crab itself.

54. GREY LEADINGTON. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 545. Fruit very large, oblong, broader at the base than at the crown, with five obtuse angles, extending the length of the fruit, in the manner of the French Codlin. Eye pretty large, an inch deep. Stalk half an inch long, strong, not projecting beyond the base. Skin yellow, with a deep blush or pale red on the sunny side. Flesh tender. Juice sugary, with a little acid and a slight perfume. An excellent culinary apple from Michaelmas to Christmas.

This is very different from either the Catshead or the French Codlin: the branches are long and strong, and it makes a large wide-spreading tree.

55. JUBILEE PIPPIN. Hort. Trans. Vol. v. p. 400. Fruit above the middle size, two inches and three quarters deep, and the same in diameter, rather conical, with irregular ribs extending from the base to the crown, where it is narrow, and unequally angular. Eye small, with a short connivent calyx, deeply sunk in a narrow compressed hollow. Stalk short, in an uneven funnelshaped cavity, not protruding beyond the base. Skin very pale straw or cream colour, almost transparent, sprinkled with several small grey, and, on the sunny side, brownish specks. Flesh white, crisp, with a wide open core. Juice plentiful, sugary, and of a high musky flavour.

A dessert and culinary fruit from Michaelmas to Christmas. Raised by Michael Bland, Esq., in his

garden at Norwich. The seed was sown on the day of the jubilee, 1809; produced fruit in 1818; and first exhibited at the Horticultural Society, October 1.1822. The tree is now (1830) in a very healthy and flourishing state.

56. KESWICK CODLIN. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 180.

Fruit pretty large, somewhat irregularly formed, having a few obtuse ribs extending from the base to the crown, which is obliquely pentangular. Eye rather large and deep. Stalk short, deeply inserted, not protruding beyond the level of the base. Skin pale yellow, a little tinged with blush on the sunny side. Flesh pale yellow. Juice plentiful, subacid. A culinary apple from September to November.

This very valuable apple is said to have originated in the neighbourhood of Keswick, in Cumberland. Its young fruit may be gathered for tarts in the month of June, when scarcely any other young apple is fit for use. When the young trees are vigorous, the last year's branches are loaded with fruit, while the spurs on the older ones are crowded to excess. This and the Hawthornden might, with great propriety, be recommended for the poor cottager's garden; and whoever, as a landlord, plants them for such a purpose, may be truly deemed the cottager's friend.

57. KING OF THE PIPPINS. Hort. Soc. Cat. No.519. Pom. Mag. t. 117.

Hampshire Yellow. Hort. Soc. Cat. No. 431., according to the Pom. Mag.

Fruit above the middle size, inclining to oblong, broadest next the base; the outline tolerably free from angles, about two inches and a half deep, and three inches in diameter. Eye large, deep, in an even, very little plaited, hollow. Stalk an inch long, slender, about half inserted in a funnel-shaped cavity. Skin smooth, pale orange yellow, generally tinged with red

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