168 rivet; b, the bow for the thumb or finger. 2. Side view, to show the way of opening and closing the flappers, by means of the riveted handles. PLATE V. Fig. 1. An instrument for the convenience of travellers, the upper edge of which, a, is sharpened for cutting specimens of the wood from the trunks or larger branches of trees; b, edged for severing the branches out of reach; c, blunt for hooking them down, for the sake of the leaf, fruit, or flower. This, with a small spade for digging up plants, may be carried in the waistcoat pocket, and the same handle will serve for them and the insect net. Fig. 2. Shape of the larger hammer used for rocks. Fig. 3. Smaller hammer enlarged, to show the direction of the upper edge, a, which must form a segment of the circle formed by the arm in striking, (to make the blow effective,) which depends of course on the length of the arm. THE END. LONDON: Printed by A. & R. Spottiswoode, cimen, another ought to be added of the same species, in its usual state, to serve as a comparison. By the side of our drawings, it is desirable to place a sketch of the general appearance of the whole individual; and if it be a tree, to add a scale of the size. t In our descriptions, if accustomed to the technical details of botany, we should be careful to note those particulars which are not easily seen in an herbarium, such as the exact insertion of the parts of the flower and the fruit, especially when the organs are very small; the precise construction of the grain, &c. In climbing plants, when any species are found which resemble European, it is particularly necessary to notice which way they twist around their support; the traveller supposing himself in the place of the support, his face turned towards the south pole, to ascertain if they ascend from right to left, or from left to right, cimen, another ought to be added of the same species, in its usual state, to serve as a comparison. By the side of our drawings, it is desirable to place a sketch of the general appearance of the whole individual; and if it be a tree, to add a scale of the size. In our descriptions, if accustomed to the technical details of botany, we should be careful to note those particulars which are not easily seen in an herbarium, such as the exact insertion of the parts of the flower and the fruit, especially when the organs are very small; the precise construction of the grain, &c. In climbing plants, when any species are found which resemble European, it is particularly necessary to notice which way they twist around their support; the traveller supposing himself in the place of the support, his face turned towards the south pole, to ascertain if they ascend from right to left, or from left to right, |