1 29. 46

Mk 3 εισήλθενείς. Mt 129 ήλθεν εις.
518 εισήλθον εις.

832 απήλθαν εις.
517 απελθείν από.

834 μεταβή από. 61 εξήλθεν εκείθεν.

1353 μετήρεν εκείθεν. 610 εξέλθητε εκείθεν.

1ο11 εξέλθητε. 781 εξελθών εκ.

1529 μεταβάς εκείθεν.
926 εξέλθε εξ.

Cf. 1718 εξήλθεν από.
942 περίκειται-περί. 186 κρεμασθή- περί.
το25 διά διελθείν.

1924 διά-εισελθείν.
το26 εις-εισελθείν.

1924 omit εισελθείν. 13 εκπορευομένου-εκ. 24' έξελθών-από. But in Mk 226 327 610. 11 715 (2). 18. 20. 21 943. 45 1023 1111. 15 128 1312 Mt. retains the double preposition. Other cases in Mk. are

52. 8. 12 654 719. 24. 25. 26. 20 823. 26 925. 28 το15. 24 112. 16 165, where Mt. omits the whole paragraph or clause.

That Mt. has less liking than Mk. for these redundant phrases may be seen from the following, the relative length of the two Gospels being borne in mind. I quote from the Concordance of Moulton and Geden:

εισέρχεσθαι εις –Mt. 27, Mk. 24.

Of Mt.'s 27 all but 5 are in sayings. Of the 5, 2 (2 110. 12) are from Mk., and another (85) probably a reminiscence of Mk. The reading in 221 is doubtful. This leaves one (2763) to the credit of the editor. .

On the other hand, of Mk.'s 24, 10 occur in narrative. εξέρχεσθαι εκ-Mt. 11, Mk. 13.

Of Mt.’s 11, 2 only are in narrative, 1521 2117, and both are from Mk. Of Mk.’s 13, 7 are in narrative.

εισπορεύεσθαι εις–Mt. I in a saying, Mk. 4 in sayings, 2 in narrative.

εκπορεύεσθαι εκ-Mt. 2 in sayings, Mk. 3 in sayings, 2 in narrative.

διέρχεσθα διά– Mt. 2 (1924) in sayings, Mk. 2 in sayings.
διαπορεύεσθαι διά–Mt. o, Mk. I in narrative.
παράγειν παρά-Mt. o, Mk. I in narrative.
περίκεισθαι περί-Mt. o, Mk. I in a saying.
συνσταυρούσθαι σύν–Mt. I in narrative, from Mk., Mk. 1.

In other words, these iterated prepositions are common in both Gospels in sayings. In narrative there are about 24 cases in Mk. and about 8 in Mt., of which 6 come from Mk.

Once in a saying Mt. has εισέλθητε εις (2641) where Mk. (1438) has έλθητε εις, κ* Β; but εισέλθητε, * • ACDL αι.

(d) Not infrequently a commonplace word is substituted for an uncommon or unusual one; e.g. : Mk 110 σχιζομένους,

Mt 310 ήνεώχθησαν. 112 εκβάλλει.

4' ανήχθη.

Mk 116 αμφιβάλλοντας,

Mt 418 βάλλοντας αμφιβληστρον oll κράβαττον.

98 κλίνην.
221 επιράπτει.

916 επιβάλλει.
328 τοις υιούς των ανθρώπων. 1231 τούς ανθρώπους.
98 στίλβοντα.

172 ως το φώς.
το25 τρυμαλιάς.

1924 τρήματος. 118 στιβάδας.

218 κλάδους. 1488 προαύλιον.

2671 πυλών. 1472 επιβαλών.

2676 εξελθών έξω?. 1s11 ανέσεισαν.

2720 έπεισαν. (e) Mt. often corrects the harshness of Mk.'s syntax; cf. especially the notes on 1010 138. 28. 88.

(1) Prepositions and adverbs.
από and έκ: :
Mt 316 από

Mk 120 εκ,
161 εκ

811 από. 1η18 από

926 εκ. 24 απο

132 ¿E. 2429

Ι443 παρά. In 316 the change is perhaps intentional. See note.

In 167 2410 2647 the changes seem without significance, but in 1718 24! the substitution of από avoids Mk.’s iteration: έξελθε εξ, εκ πορευομένου-έκ. εις and έν and επί: Mt 311 εν ύδατι

Mk 18 υδατι, 316 επ' αυτόν

110 εις αυτόν. 418 εις

116 εν.
916 εφ' όσον

219 ένα
121 dative
137 επί

47 είς.

1325 εκ.

2647

138

918 επ' αυτήν

1588 εν

1042 els
1916 επιτιθείς-αυτούς
218 εν
2016 εν αληθεία
248 επί
το17 εαν
2418

s88 αυτή. 84 επί. 941 έν. 1ο16 τιθείς επ' αυτά 118 είς. 1214 επ' αληθείας. 138 είς. 138 εις. 1316 είς. 1326 έα. 14! εν δόλω. 143 του λαού. Ι46 έν. 149 εις.

2480 επί

264 δόλω
265 εν τω λαώ
2610 είς
2613 εν

Mt 2623 εν

Mk 1420 είς. 2634 εν

1430 omit. 2650 επί τον Ιησούν

Ι446 αυτω. 2664 επί

1462 μετά 828 δαιμονιζόμενοι

52 εν πνεύματι ακαθάρτω. 920 αιμορροούσα

525 ούσα έν ρύσει αίματος. In 316 the change of επί for είς is probably intentional. See note. In 418 εις is perhaps more natural than εν after βάλλοντας. In 137. 8 επί is also more natural after the verb πίπτειν than είς. In 918 and 2650 Mt. substitutes étrí with accusative for the dative after επιτίθεσθαι την χείρα; but he has the dative in 1916 where Mk. has the accusative with éní, so that the change is without significance. In 1589 év is perhaps easier than été. In 1042 Mt. has είς όνομα for εν ονόματι ; but the succeeding words are different, and the passages are not really parallel. For είς όνομα, cf. Mt 1041 (2) 1820 2819. In 218 év is easier than eis, and this is the case with étrí, 248, and év, 1017 2418. The substitution of éní for ev, 2430, and for μετά, 2664, is due to desire to assimilate to Dn 718 (LXX). And the participles in 828 920 avoid Mk.’s curious use of εν. επί with different cases: Mt 916 επί ιματίω

Mk 222 επί ιμάτιον. 132 επί τον αιγιαλόν

4 επί της γης. 1414 επ' αυτούς

634 επ' αυτούς. 1419 επί του χόρτου

639 επί τω χόρτω. 1425 επί την θάλασσαν

648 επί της θαλάσσης. 1585 επί την γην

86 επί της γης. το18 επί ηγεμόνας

139 επί ηγεμόνων. Cf. 217 επ' αυτών

117 αυτα 217 επάνω αυτών

ΙΙ7 επ' αυτόν. 918 επ' αυτήν

523 αυτή. 1915 αυτούς

1ο16 επ' αυτά. 2650 επί τον Ιησούν

1418 αυτω. In 916 the dative is perhaps more natural after the weakened sense of επιβάλλειν, which Mt. substitutes for Mk.’s επιράπτειν, than the accusative.

In 13. cf. for the accusative after iomu, Rev 1218 14152; but the genitive is found in Lk 617, Ac 2140, Rev 106. 8.

επί with the dative after σπλαγχνίζεσθαι is found in Mt 1414 and Lk 713. Mk (634 82 and 922) has the accusative, and so Mt 1532.

In 1419 the verb is ανακλιθήναι. After the similar verbs καθήσθαι and καθίζειν, επί frequently takes genitive or accusative. The dative only occurs in Rev 710 194 21%. Mt.'s substitution of genitive for dative is, therefore, not unnatural. Cf. his substitution of καθημένου δε αυτου επί του Όρους, 243, for Mk.’s και καθημένου αυτού εις το "Όρος, 133. For the latter, cf. 2 Τh 24 ώστε αυτόν εις τον ναόν του θεού καθίσαι.

46

In 1425 Mt. substitutes the accusative for Mk.'s genitive and has the accusative in v.29, but in v.26 he retains Mk.'s genitive.? Jn 619 has the genitive. The change of accusative for genitive in το18 is conditioned by the change of verb, αχθήσεσθε for σταθήσεσθε.

In 217 Mt. has ét' aitô for Mk.'s simple dative, but he has changed the verb from επιβάλλειν tο επιτιθεσθαι. After this verb the usual constructions are the simple dative or émi with accusative, but Mt. has the genitive again in 2729. In the same verse Mt. has επάνω αυτων for επ' αυτών. étávw occurs 8 times in Mt., only once, 145 = "more than,” in Mk. πρός: Mt 818 dative

Mk 182 πρός. 99

1717

2 123

28 919 1127 1218 1549

22 23

2758

In 816 and 98 Mt. substitutes a poo pépev for Mk.'s pépelv. apoopépety is a favourite word with him, and he always uses the simple dative of a person after it. In 1717 the verb is pépet in Mt. and Mk. Mt. has the dative again in 1418. Mk. uses the dative 782 822, or tpos 132 28 919. 20 u? In 2123 2223 and 2758 . Mt. substitutes his favourite word προσέρχεσθαι for έρχεσθαι, Mk 1127 1218, and cioépxeolai, 154. The substitution of the dative for Trpós is a natural consequence. Other changes: Mt 124 μετ' αυτού

Mk 228 συν αυτώ. 1225 καθ' εαυτής

324 έφ' εαυτήν.

1 2 25

325

But Mt. retains ė$ čavrov in v.26.
1319 εν τη καρδία αυτών = 415 είς αυτούς.
1014 omit

611 υποκάτω.
2418 ómíow

1316 εις τα οπίσω. 1425 dative

648 nepí with accusative. 1427

650 μετά αυτών. dalci perá occurs only here in the Synoptic Gospels, 4

times in Jn., 6 in Rev. But cf. Mt 178 συνλαλούντες

uer' aŭtôv=Mk 94 the dative. 1529 mapa

Mk 781 els. 167 εν εαυτοις

816 προς αλλήλους. 1621 dative

831 μετά with accusative.

1723

981

2138

127

80

2628 περί

1424 υπέρ. 2634 εν

1430 dative. 2783 ελθόντες εις

1522 φέρουσιν- έπί. 2740 περί

1534 dative. 2760 dative

156 emri with accusative. Many of these changes are without significance, but those in 316 2480 2664 are probably intentional, whilst those in 24' 137. 8. 19 1588 218 248 το17 2418 828 920 916 1419 ease the construction. Those in 816 9? 1717 2123 2223 and 2758 are to conform to Mt's usage elsewhere.

(g) Conjunctions.

Mk. three times has όταν with the indicative, viz. 311 1119. 25. Mt. avoids this construction. Cf. Mk 656 όπου αν εισπορεύετο, which Mt. omits. Cf. Rev 144 όπου αν υπάγει (A C).

ei in a statement meaning "that not,” Mk 812, Mt. substitutes oủ.

(1) Changes made in Mk.'s language are sometimes due to the
fact that the editor has inserted similar sayings from another
source in another part of his Gospel, and assimilates Mk.'s
language to these similar passages.
Ε.g. Mk 425 = Mt 1312 ; but Mt adds και περισσευθήσεται, to

assimilate to 25 29.
Mk 812 has τί η γενεά αύτη ζητεί σημείον ; αμήν λέγω υμίν ει

δοθήσεται τη γενεα ταύτη σημείον ; but
Mt 164 has γενεά πονηρά και μοιχαλίς σημείον επιζητεί και

σημείον ου δοθήσεται αυτή ει μη το σημείον Ιωνά, το

assimilate to 1239.
Mk 835 has σωσει ; but Mt 1624 has ευρήσει, to assimilate

to 1o39.
Mk 948 has εάν σκανδαλίση-απόκοψον-σε-το πυρ το

άσβεστον; but Mt 188 has εί σκανδαλίζει-έκκοψον-σοί,
and adds και βάλε από σου, to assimilate to 530,

has το πυρ το αιώνιον, to assimilate to 2541.
Mk 942 has καλόν εστιν ει; but Mt 186 has συμφέρει-ίνα,

to assimilate to 580
Mk 947 has εάν-σκανδαλίζη-έκβαλε-σέ; but Mt 189 has

εί-σκανδαλίζει- έξελε-σοί, and adds και βάλε από σου,

to assimilate to 529, and του πυρός, to assimilate to 522.
Mk foll – Mt 199. Mt. adds (ει) μή επί πορνεία, to as-

similate to Mt s82 παρεκτός λόγου πορνείας.
Mk 1123 = Mt 2121 Mt. adds εάν έχετε πίστιν, to assimilate

to 17 20.
In 1533-39 Mt. assimilates the language to 1419-21.

30 and