SECTION III.

Supposed fact of a Premium on English Currency in America.-

Favourable Exchange with Sweden,

SECTION IV.

A Statement concerning the Par of Exchange, by the Bullion Committee,

examined,

Page

319

321

CHAPTER III.

MR BOSANQUET'S ALLEGED FACTS, IN SUPPOSED REFUTATION OF THE

CONCLUSION, THAT A RISE IN THE MARKET PRICE OF BULLION

ABOVE THE MINT PRICE proves a DEPRECIATION OF THE CURRENCY,

CONSIDERED,

323

SECTION I.

That the Negation of the above conclusion implies the impossibility of

melting or exporting English coin-an impossibility contended for

by nobody,

SECTION II.

Consequences which would follow on the Supposition that the Currencies

of other Countries (exclusive of England), were diminished or

increased one half,

SECTION III.

The trifling Rise in the Price of Gold on the Continent owing solely to

a Variation in the Relation of Silver to Gold,

SECTION IV.

Failure ascribed to Mr Locke's Theory relative to the Recoinage in

1696,

CHAPTER IV.

323

326

328

332

MR BOSANQUET'S OBJECTIONS TO THE STATEMENT, THAT THE BALANCE

OF PAYMENTS HAS BEEN IN FAVOUR OF GREAT BRITAIN, EXAMINED, 334

CHAPTER V.

MR BOSANQUET'S ARGUMENT TO PROVE THAT THE BANK OF ENGLAND

HAS NOT THE POWER OF FORCING THE CIRCULATION OF BANK

NOTES, CONSIDered,

340

CHAPTER VI.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE PRINCIPLES of Seignorage,

CHAPTER VII.

MR BOSANQUET'S OBJECTIONS TO THE PROPOSITION, THAT THE CIRCULA-

TION OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND REGULATES THAT OF THE

COUNTRY BANKS, CONSIDERED,

CHAPTER VIII.

Page

345

348

MR BOSANQUET'S OPINION, THAT YEARS OF SCARCITY AND TAXES HAVE

BEEN THE SOLE CAUSE OF THE RISE OF

CIRCULATION NO CAUSE, COnsidered,

CHAPTER IX.

PRICES-EXCESSIVE

354

ESSAY ON THE INFLUENCE OF A LOW PRICE OF CORN

ON THE PROFITS OF STOCK

367

INTRODUCTION,

369

PROPOSALS FOR AN ECONOMICAL AND SECURE CUR-

RENCY, WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE PROFITS

OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND,

INTRODUCTION,

SECTION I.

In the Medium of Circulation, Cause of Uniformity is Cause of Good-

ness,

391

393

397

SECTION II.

Use of a Standard Commodity-Objections to it considered,

400

SECTION III.

The Standard, its Imperfections-Variations below without allowance of

the countervailing Variations above the Standard, their Effects—

Correspondence with the Standard the rule for Paper Money,

402

SECTION IV.

An Expedient to bring the English Currency as near as possible to

perfection,

SECTION V.

A Practice which creates a great mass of Mercantile Inconvenience—

Remedy proposed,

SECTION VI.

The Public Services of the Bank excessively overpaid-Remedy pro-

Page

404

410

411

Bank Profits and Savings-Misapplication-Proposed Remedy,

423

APPENDIX TO PROPOSALS FOR AN ECONOMICAL AND SECURE CURRENCY, 437

On the Influence of a Rise of Wages on the Price of Corn,

461

SECTION III.

On the Effects of Taxes imposed on a particular Commodity,

463

SECTION IV.

On the Effect of Abundant Crops on the Price of Corn,

465

SECTION V.

On the Effect produced on the Price of Corn by Mr Peel's Bill for

restoring the ancient Standard,

SECTION VI.

On the Effects of a Low Value of Corn on the Rate of Profits,

SECTION VII.

Under a system of Protecting Duties, established with a view to give the

Monopoly of the Home Market to the Home Grower of Corn,

Prices cannot be otherwise than fluctuating,

467

475

478

SECTION VIII.

On the Project of advancing Money on Loan, to Speculators in Corn, at

a low Interest,

SECTION IX.

Can the present State of Agricultural Distress be attributed to Taxa-

tion?

CONCLUSION,

APPENDIX TO PROTECTION TO AGRICULTURE,

PLAN FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL

BANK,

Page

486

487

491

495

499

LIFE AND WRITINGS

OF

MR RICARDO.

MR RICARDO was placed, in early life, under circumstances apparently the least favourable for the formation of those habits of patient and comprehensive investigation, which afterwards raised him to a high rank among political philosophers.

He was the third of a numerous family, and was born on the 19th of April 1772. His father, a native of Holland, and of the Jewish persuasion, settled in this country early in life. He is said to have been a man of good talents and of the strictest integrity; and having become a member of the Stock Exchange, he acquired a respectable fortune, and possessed considerable influence in his circle. David, the subject of the present memoir, was destined for the same line of business as his father; and received, partly in England, and partly at a school in Holland, where he resided two years, such an education as is usually given to young Classical men intended for the mercantile profession. learning formed no part of his early instruction; and it has been questioned, with how much justice we shall not undertake to decide, whether its acquisition would have done him service; and whether it might not probably have made him seek for relaxation in the study of elegant literature,