the Friends. It has been alleged, that they are expressed so guardedly, as to conceal, in some measure, their real doctrine, or, at least, its ultimate tendency. These, it is said, are more easily discoverable from "The Christian Quaker, and his Divine Testimony, vindicated by Scripture, reason, and authorities, against the injurious attempts that have been lately made by several adversaries."

This work appeared in 1674; the first part of it was written by Penn, and the second by Whithead, one of his most distinguished disciples.

APPENDIX.

NOTE I.

THE CONFESSION OF FAITH OF THE EASTERN

CHURCH.

(Referred to in page 26.)

I.

The Title of the Confession, and the Pastoral. Letter prefixed to it.

THE title of this work is, σε Ορθόδοξος Ομολογια της Καθολικης και Αποστολικής Εκκλησίας της Ανατολικης. Hoc est, Orthodoxa Confessio Catholicæ atque Apostolicæ Ecclesiæ Orientalis, cum interpretatione Latiná et Versione Germanicá. Præmissa est Historia hujus Opoñoyias seu Catechismi, a D. Carlo Gottlob. Hofmann S. S. Theol. Prof. Primar. in Academia Wittebergensi Consist. Past. et circ. Elect. Saxon. General. Superintend. Wratislavia, apud Jo. Jacob. Horn. MDCCLI. oct. p. 259.

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The catechism is preceded by an historical account of its composition and publication: this is followed by an address, or, what would be called in Europe, a pastoral letter, from Nectarius, by the grace of God, patriarch of the holy city of Jerusalem, and all Palestine; to all orthodox readers, his beloved brethren, and sons in the Lord." It is dated the 20th Nov. 1662. We are then presented with a letter, of which the following is a literal translation :

Parthenius, by the mercy of God, archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome; and œcumenical patriarch. Our mediocrity, together with our sacred congregation of chief bishops and clergy present, hath diligently perused a small book, transmitted to us by our true sister, the church of Lesser Russia, entitled, The Confession of the Orthodox Faith of the Catholic and Apostolic Church of Christ;" in which the whole subject is treated under the three heads of Faith, Charity, and Hope, in such a manner, that Faith is divided into twelve articles, (to wit, those of the sacred Nicene symbol), Charity into ten precepts, and such other precepts as are contained in the sacred and divinely inspired books of the Old and New Testament, which christians are bound to hold: Hope, into the dominical prayer, and the nine beatitudes of the sacred gospel.

"We have found that this small book follows steadily the doctrines of the catholic church, and

agrees with the sacred canons, and, in no respect differs from them. As to the rest, to the other part of the book, that which is in the Latin tongue, on the side opposite to the Greek text, we have not referred, in our perusal; so that we only formally confirm that which is in our vernacular tongue. With our common and synodical sentence, we decree, and we announce to every pious and orthodox christian, a member of the eastern and apostolic church, that this book is to be diligently read, and not to be rejected. Which, for the perpetual faith and certainty of the fact, we guard by our subscriptions. In the year of salvation, 1663, 4th day of March."

Then follow the subscriptions of,

"Parthenius, by the divine mercy, archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome; and œcumenical patriarch;

"Joannicius, by the mercy of God, pope and patriarch of the great city of Alexandria, and judge of the whole world;

"Macarius, by the mercy of God, patriarch of Antioch, the great city of God;

"Paisius, by the mercy of God, patriarch of the holy city of Jerusalem;

"The bishops of Ancyra, Larissæ, Chalcedon, Adrianople, Berrhæa, Rhodes, Mythymnæ, Lacedæmon, and Chios;

II.

The First Book of the Catechism.

THE catechism is divided into three books. The first book contains, one hundred and twenty-six questions, and as many answers.

II. 1. The first question is, "What must an orthodox and catholic christian hold and perform, that he may become, at a future time, heir of eternal life?”

The answer is," Right faith and good works; for he, who observes these, is a good christian, and hath the hope of eternal salvation: witness the sacred scripture, (James ii. 24.), • Do you see that man is justified by works, and not by faith only:' and, a little after,For, as the body, without the spirit, is dead; so faith, without works, is dead.' The divine Paul adds the same in another place, (1 Timothy, i. 19.), Having faith and a good conscience, which some having put away, have been shipwrecked in respect to their faith: and, in another place, he says, (1 Timothy, iii. 9.), Having the mystery of faith with a pure conscience.""

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The second question is, Why should a christian first believe, and afterwards do good actions?” -To this it is answered, "Because none can please God without faith, according to the saying of Paul, (Heb. xi. 6.). 'It cannot be, that,