bloom; flesh very thick, juicy, with a rich vinous flavor; a freestone, ripening towards the end of August.

ICKWORTH IMPERATRICE, Knight's No. 6. A choice seedling from Mr. Knight, of Downton Castle. Fruit above medium size, obovate; skin purple, embroidered with streaks of golden fawn-color; flesh juicy and rich: it ripens early in October, and may be kept till Christmas if laid away in paper.

ISABELLA. An attractive-looking English clingstone Plum of medium size; skin dark red in the sun, paler in the shade, and dotted; flesh yellow, rich, juicy, and of delicious flavor: towards the end of August.

JEFFERSON. A Plum of high merit, raised by the late Judge Buel. Fruit large, oval; skin golden yellow, with a purplish red cheek, covered with a thin bloom; flesh rich, juicy, and high-flavored: towards the end of August.

LOMBARD, Bleecker's Scarlet, Beeckman's Scarlet. This variety was brought into notice by Mr. Lombard, of Springfield, Massachusetts. Fruit of medium size, roundish oval; skin delicate violet, dotted with red; flesh yellow, juicy, and pleasant in August.

ORANGE PLUM, Orange Gage. A plum of extraordinary size from the garden of Mr. Teller, of Rhinebeck, New York. Skin bronze-yellow, clouded with purple; flesh deep yellow, a little coarse-grained, but of a pleasant acid flavor: ripens the last of August.

PURPLE FAVORITE. This variety was first introduced by A. J. Downing, Esq., of the Newburgh Nursery. Fruit above medium size, roundish ovate; skin light brown in the shade, purple in the sun, dotted with golden specks and thin light, bloom; flesh pale green, very juicy, tender, luscious, and melting: ripens towards the last of August.

The Quince is of low growth, much branched, and generally crooked and distorted. The leaves are roundish or ovate, entire, above dusky green, underneath whitish, on short petioles. The flowers are large, white, or pale red, and appear in May and June. The fruit, a pome, varying in shape in the different varieties, globular, oblong, or ovate. It has a peculiar and rather disagreeable smell, and austere taste. The fruit takes its name from being a native of the ancient town of Cydon, in the Island of Crete. Some suppose it to be a corruption of Malus colonea, by which the Latins designated the fruit. It is used as a marmalade for flavoring apple-pies, and makes an excellent sweetmeat; and it has the advantage over many other fruits for keeping, if properly managed.

Of the several sorts, the following are in greatest esteem: 1. The oblong, or Pear Quince, with ovate leaves, and an oblong fruit lengthened at the base. 2. The Apple Quince, with ovate leaves, and a rounder fruit. 3. The Portugal Quince, the fruit of which is more juicy and less harsh than the preceding, and therefore the most valuable. It is rather a shy bearer, but is highly esteemed, as the pulp has the property of assuming a fine purple tint in the course of being prepared as a marmalade. 4. The mild or eatable Quince, being less austere and astringent than the others. 5. The Orange Quince, a very handsome fruit of peculiar rich flavor. 6. The Musk or Pineapple.

Quince, very large and beautiful.

The Quince produces the finest fruit when planted in a soft, moist soil, and rather shady, or at least sheltered situation. It is generally propagated by layers, and also by cuttings, and approved sorts may be perpetuated by grafting. In propagating for stocks, nothing more is necessary than to remove the lower shoots from the layer, so as to preserve a clear stem as high as the graft; but for fruit-bearing trees, it is necessary to train the stem to a rod, till it has attained four or five feet in height, and can support itself upright.

When planted in an orchard, the trees may be placed ten or twelve feet apart. The time of planting, the mode of bearing, and all the other particulars of culture, are the same as for the Apple and Pear. The chief pruning they require, is to keep them free from suckers, and cut out decayed wood. The ground should be kept free from grass and weeds; and if the soil be poor, swine manure, chip dirt, or any other kinds of rich manure should be forked into the ground around the trees. If the soil be heavy, containing a large proportion of clay, let a load of sand or fine gravel be spread around each tree, or mingled with the earth before the trees are transplanted.

RASPBERRY. FRAMBOISIER. Rubus.

There are several species of the Rubus found wild in various parts of Asia, Europe, and America, some of which have upright stems, others prostrate. The American Stone Bramble, and also the common Blackberry, Dewberry, and Cloudberry, are of this family. The Rubus idaus, or common Raspberry, grows spontaneously in the province of New Brunswick, and in various parts of the United States, but most of the cultivated varieties are supposed to have originated in England. Loudon describes the true Raspberry as having 66 stems which are suffruticose, upright, rising to the height of several feet, and are biennial in duration; but the root is perennial, producing suckers which ripen and drop their leaves one year, and resume their foliage, produce blossom shoots, flower, and fruit, and die the next. The leaves are quinate-pinnate; the flowers come in panicles from the extremity of the present year's shoots; they are white, appear in May and June, and the fruit forms about a fortnight afterwards.”

The fruit is grateful to most palates, as nature presents it, but sugar improves the flavor; accordingly it is much esteemed when made into sweetmeats, and for jams, tarts, and sauces.

It is fragrant, sub-acid, and cooling; allays heat and thirst. It is much used in distilling. "Raspberry syrup is next to the Strawberry in dissolving the tartar of the teeth; and as, like that fruit. it does not undergo the acetous fermentation in the stomach, it is recommended to gouty and rheumatic patients." Nichol enumerates twenty-three species and varieties of the cultivated Raspberry, and twenty-one of the Rubus ronce, or Bramble; in the latter are included the American Red and Black Raspberry, the Long Island and Virginian Raspberry; also the Ohio Ever-Bearing, and the Pennsylvania Raspberry. The English varieties are, Early Small White; Large White; Large Red; most Large Red Antwerp; Large Yellow Antwerp; Cane, or smooth-stalked; Twice-bearing White; Twicebearing Red; Smooth Cane, twice-bearing; Woodward's Raspberry; Monthly, or Four Season; Dwarf Red Cane; Victoria Raspberry; Large Red Franconia; Mason's Red Cluster; McKeon's Scarlet Prolific; Chili Red; Cornish Red; Cox's Honey; Brentford Red; Brentford White; Flesh-colored; Barnet Red; Bromley Hill; Cretan Red; Prolific Red; Canada Purple; Rose-flowering, etc.

HOW RASPBERRIES ARE PROPAGATED.

The varieties can be perpetuated by young sucker-shoots, rising plenteously from the root in spring and summer. When these have completed one season's growth, they are proper to detach with roots for planting, either in the autumn of the same year, or the next spring, in March or early in April. These new plants will bear some fruit the first year, and furnish a succession of strong bottom-shoots for full bearing the second season. New varieties are raised from seed, and they come into bearing the second year. Some of the American species are cultivated by layers, which produce fruit the same year.

Raspberry beds are in their prime about the third and fourth year; and, if well managed, continue in perfection five or six years, after which they are apt to decline in growth,

and the fruit to become small, so that a successive plantation should be provided in time. Select new plants from vigorous stools in full perfection as to bearing. Be careful to favor the twice-bearers with a good mellow soil, in a sheltered situation, in order that the second crop may come to perfection.

When Raspberries are cultivated on a large scale, it is best to plant them in beds by themselves, in rows from five to seven feet apart, according to the kinds. In small gardens they may be planted in detached stools, or in single rows in different parts of the garden, from the most sunny to the most shady aspect, for early and late fruit of improved growth and flavor. It is requisite to cut out the dead stems early in the spring, and to thin and regulate the successional young shoots. At the same time, the shoots retained should be pruned at the top, below the weak bending part, and some rotten dung worked in around the roots of the plants. Keep them clear of weeds during the summer, by hoeing between the rows, and eradicate all superfluous suckers; but be careful to retain enough for stock in succeeding years.

The Antwerp and other tender varieties of the Raspberry are liable to be more or less injured by the severity of our winters; to prevent which, they should be protected by bending them down to the ground late in autumn, and covering them with earth five or six inches, sloping it off so as to prevent injury from rain or snow.

In order to obtain a good supply of Raspberries in the autumn, cut down some of the twice-bearing varieties close to the ground, which will occasion strong suckers to shoot up, that will yield an abundant crop of fruit at a season when other varieties are not attainable.

SELECT DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF RASPBERRIES.

AMERICAN BLACK, Black Cap.

This fruit is of smallish

size, and ripens in June and July. It is a favorite with some.