three-year course referred to above on a basis to warrant the expenditure this fourth year of work will entail. 4. That the State university and State college confine their training of teachers for the common schools strictly to the high school grades, but that graduates of such institutions be allowed to teach the upper elementary grades, when taught in connection with ninth-grade work in strictly one-year high schools. 5. That the State normal schools confine their training of teachers for the common schools strictly to the elementary grades, but that graduates of such institutions be allowed to teach the ninth grade when taught in connection with the upper elementary grades in strictly one-year high schools. 6. That school superintendents and directors, in this class of schools where both the upper elementary grades and one year of high school work are taught, give preference to those applicants having both a university or State college and a normal school training. 7. That, in consonance with the suggestions of the experts, the training of rural school teachers through the normal schools be further developed, but that the question of the location of model rural schools be left to the governing boards of the normal schools. 8. That the normal schools devote much serious effort to provide teachers for rural communities. 9. That the three-year course of study for the normal schools of the State, as suggested in the experts' report, be adopted. 10. That, for the purpose of promoting a harmonious development along parallel lines, a joint meeting of the respective boards of trustees of the three normal schools be held annually. III. UNIVERSITY AND STAte College The commission advised the enactment of legislation in accordance with the following recommendations: 1. That agriculture (in all its branches and subdivisions), veterinary medicine, mining, pharmacy, economic science in its application to agriculture and rural life, and the training of high school teachers (especially in agriculture, home economics, and mechanic arts), school supervisors, and school administrators be major lines at the State college." 2. That law, medicine, architecture, forestry, pharmacy, mining, commerce, journalism, library economy, graduate work in liberal arts and pure science, professional training of high school teachers, school supervisors, and school superintendents be major lines at the State university. 3. That duplication be recognized in liberal arts, pharmacy, mining, home economics, and in certain branches of engineering. 4. That civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering be taught at both the State college and the State university. 5. That chemical engineering be taught at the State university exclusively. • In the opinion of Dr. Bryan, forestry undoubtedly should have been included as a subdivision of agriculture. However, the State College of Washington would very properly be expected to emphasize ques tions of afforestation, reforestation, and range management, in contrast to the technical instruction offered in the school of forestry at the University of Washington and other separate universities of the country. With practically no exceptions, the large land-grant colleges of the country give instruction in forestry as described above. Furthermore, forestry is an integral part of the United States Department of Agriculture. 6. That agriculture and its various subdivisions be taught at the State college exclusively. 7. That the development of further departments or branches of engineering be submitted to a joint conference of the respective governing boards before their establishment at either institution. 8. That degree courses in liberal arts, with the training of high school teachers in the various branches of the same, be continued at the State college, but that no graduate work in these lines be offered. 9. That home economics be developed for the present without restriction at both the State university and the State college, but no extension work in home economics be undertaken by the university outside of King County. 10. That professional courses in marine engineering and fisheries be established at the State university as soon as its resources permit. 11. That graduate work in engineering branches, when developed, be developed, at the university exclusively. 12. That both the State college and the State university continue their respective departments of mining engineering, but that the cooperation of the two insti tutions be secured so that each department will best serve the State. To this end we recommend that the university place special emphasis on coal and clay mining and ceramic engineering and that the State college place special emphasis on metalliferous mining. 13. That the work of the department of elementary science at the State college, which work in our opinion is making a most important contribution to the life of the State, be still further strengthened and extended, and that to this end there be brought about a partial reorganization of the administrative relationship of this department to the college, whereby this department shall have a teaching staff entirely its own and shall be separately housed. 14. That the administrative officers of both institutions take under consideration the matter of small classes, as discussed in the report of the experts. 15. That the officers of the State college and the university consider the total number of hours required in the major subject, since it is often excessive and unduly limits the opportunity of the student to obtain the desired breadth of training. 16. That high-school graduation be required of all students entering the State college or the university, except those 21 years of age or older, and except students in the elementary science department of the State college. This restriction will not apply to summer schools, short courses, or extension work in either institution. 17. That in order to promote harmony, economy, and efficiency in the management of the institutions of higher education the regents of the State university and the State college hold joint meetings at least once a year. Dr. Bryan is of the opinion that the commission was justified in recommending that marine engineering and fisheries be established at the State university, since that institution is especially well situated to give instruction in these two fields. • The necessity for following the recommendation of the commission with respect to the development and enlargement of the department of elementary science has steadily decreased during the past 15 years. This is due to the fact that many high schools of the State give vocational instruction in many fields. In addition, the agricultural instruction given under the Federal Smith-Hughes Act is of an efficient character, and therefore, instruction in agriculture of a subcollegiate grade at the State college is no longer required to serve the rural districts of the State. 65757-35-23 IV. DISTRIBUTION of the Millage Tax The basis of the main source of support of all the higher educational institutions of the State is a millage tax upon the entire assessed valua tion of the State. This is thought to insure a more stable income than could be depended upon by leaving it to the varying attitudes of successive legislatures. The legislative commission recommended the following distribution indicated in the first column. The actual distribution at that time and the rates stated in successive statutes are indicated in separate columns. 4. Legislation Following the Survey Legislation enacted.-Many of the recommendations of the survey commission were enacted into law in the 1917 session of the legisla ture. Others followed in later sessions. The main ones related to (1) the extent of professional training required; (2) removing all certification from the county superintendents and placing all, except institutional certification, in the hands of the State superintendent; (3) the determination of the functions of the several higher educational institutions. The main legislative changes are indicated below. The year of the enactment is indicated in the footnotes.3 33. Joint board of higher curricula. There is hereby established a joint board of higher curricula composed of seven members, namely, the president of the University of Washington, the president of the State College of Washington, the president of one of the State normal schools to be selected by the presidents of the State normal schools and four citizens of the State of Washington who are in no way connected with the institutions of higher learning, to be appointed by the Governor. The selected members of the joint board shall hold office for two years and shall serve until their successors are selected.' 3 Code of Public Instruction, 1923, pp. 40-43. L. 1921, p. 227, sec. 1; R.C.S., sec. 4543. 34. Definition of terms.— The terms "State institutions of higher education” as used in this act shall include the University of Washington, the Washington State College, the State Normal School at Cheney, the State Normal School at Ellensburg, and the State Normal School at Bellingham.5 35. Funds created.— There is hereby created a fund to be known as the "university fund"; a fund to be known as the "Washington State College fund"; a fund to be known as the "Cheney normal school fund"; a fund to be known as the "Ellensburg normal school fund"; and a fund to be known as the "Bellingham normal school fund."" 36. Where paid. All moneys arising from the tax herein directed to be levied for the said several institutions of higher education shall be paid into the respective funds hereby created." 37. Purpose. All sums of money produced by said tax shall be placed in said several funds and hereby set apart for the use of the several institutions herein provided for, for the purpose of maintenance, repairs and construction of buildings, and equipment thereof. 38. Centralia normal school fund. There is hereby created a fund to be known as the “Centralia normal school fund”, all sums of money produced by the tax provided for in this act and all bequests, gifts, or gratuities made to said school shall be placed in said fund, and are hereby set apart for the use of said school for the purpose of maintenance, repairs, and construction of buildings and equipment therefor." 39. Tax levy. The State board of equalization shall, beginning the fiscal year 1921, and annually thereafter, at the time of levying taxes for State purposes, levy upon all property subject to taxation, a tax of one and ten one-hundredths of one mill (1.10) for the State university fund; sixty-seven one-hundredths of one mill (.67) for the State college fund; twenty one-hundredths of one mill (.20) for the Bellingham normal school fund; fifteen and nine-tenths hundredths of one mill (.159) for the Cheney normal school fund; and twelve one-hundredths of one mill (.12) for the Ellensburg normal school fund. It shall be the duty of the joint board of higher curricula in the report to be made next preceding the convening of the legislature in 1925 to recommend any changes in levy herein provided for which the said board may deem necessary or proper, and to give their specific grounds and reasons therefor, for the purpose of having the levy herein provided for readjusted by the legislature of 1925.10 L. 1911, p. 340, sec. 1; R.C.S., sec. 5528; P.C., sec. 4750. 40. Tax levy for Centralia normal school.— The State board of equalization shall at its regular meeting in the year 1921, and annually thereafter, at the time of levying taxes for State purposes, levy upon all property subject to taxation a tax of ten one-hundredths (10/100) of a mill for the Centralia normal school fund.11 41. Major line defined. The term "major line", whenever used in this act, shall be held and construed to mean the development of the work or courses of study in certain subjects to their fullest extent, leading to a degree or degrees in that subject.12 42. Graduate work-When authorized. Whenever a course is authorized to be offered and taught by this act, in any of the institutions herein mentioned, as a major line, it shall carry with it the right to offer and teach graduate work in such major lines.13 43. Exclusive major lines-State University.— The courses of instruction of the University of Washington shall embrace as exclusive major lines, law, architecture, forestry, commerce, journalism, library economy, marine and aeronautic engineering, and fisheries.14 44. Exclusive major lines-Washington State College.— The courses of instruction of the State College of Washington shall embrace as exclusive major lines, agriculture in all its branches and subdivisions, veterinary medicine, and economic science in its application to agriculture and rural life. 15 45. Medicine Where taught. Work and instruction in medicine when introduced or developed shall be offered and taught at the University of Washington exclusively.16 46. Agriculture-Where taught. Work and instruction in agriculture in all its branches and subdivisions shall be offered and taught in the State College of Washington exclusively.17 47. Elementary science continued. The work of the department of elementary science shall be continued and developed at the State College of Washington.18 48. Joint major lines.— The course of instruction of both the University of Washington and the State College of Washington shall embrace as major lines, liberal arts, pure science, phar macy, mining, civil engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, home economics, and the professional training of high-school 11 L. 1919, p. 411, sec. 6; R.C.S., sec. 5534; P.C., sec. 4820d. |