posed by the laws of amortisation, on condition that they shall declare all their acquisitions to the proper authorities. At the time of the arrival of the Jesuits from Russia, there was at Vienna a provincial of the order, who fixed their ulterior destination, keeping some in the Austrian states, and sending the others to Italy. At the same time, measures were taken in Hungary for their being well received there on their journey. Doubts are still entertained as to their order being entirely re-established in Austria. The Jesuits having obtained a noviciate house at Vienna, would seem, however, to decide the question in the affirmative.

GERMAN UNIVERSITIES. Great sensation has been excited in Germany by a work bearing the following title: "On the disgraceful Proceedings in German Universities, Gymnasiums, and Lyceums; or History of the Academical Conspiracy against Royalty, Christianity and Property. By K. M. E. Fabricius, Librarian at Bruchsal.” This work, of about 200 pages, is dedicated to all the Founders and German Members of the Holy Alliance, their Ministers and Ambassadors to the Diet; and tells them things that make the hair stand on end. Men such as Kant, Fitche, Schelling, Campe, Loffler, Paulus, Krug, and a long et cetera of

names, to the number of 60,000 writers, are here denounced as corrupters and seducers of youth, blasphemers, liars, incendiaries; who have formed, directly and indirectly, an association, by which all thrones are threatened, and from which all the revolutions we have witnessed proceeded. M. Fabricius knows this association; he even prints the oath taken by the members. He proposes to abolish all the Universitics, or at least to place them under the most rigid surveillance; for the tutelage under which they now are is very far from satisfying him!

Greek Patriotic Song.

When the Turks penetrated into the Morea, the Greeks of that beautiful country displayed an extraordinary heroism, worthy of ancient Greece. Thousands of young warriors, and even old men, sang with enthusiasm a noble patriotic hymn, composed by a Greek Professor, and set to music by a German musician. This song contributed much to excite the courage of the heroes who destroyed the army of Khourchid. The following strophe is particularly remarkable: "Our war is not that of ambitious conquerors and enemies to humanity, it is a sacred war. Nature and religion impose upon us the duty of driving out our tyrants that we may have a country."

DEATHS ABROAD.

The sciences and arts have to deplore the loss of M. GALIN, inventor of the Methode du Métoplaste, member of the Philharmonic Society of Amsterdam, &c., who died at Paris, 31st August, 1822. Born at Bourdeaux in 1786, of an obscure family, he owed to himself alone all his instruction. He occupied himself whilst very young in mathematical studies, and was professor of the higher mathematics in the Lyceum of Bourdeaux, then in the institution of the deaf and dumb in the same town. He published, in 1818, his Method of Teaching Music, which is as remarkable for the clearness of the style as for the depth of knowledge which it implies. The method of the Métoplaste has obtained much success in

SAMUEL PETT, ESQ., M.D.

(See p. 57.)

THE subject of this memoir was born on the 24th of September, in the year 1765, of a respectable family of Protestant Dissenters, at Liskeard, in the county of Cornwall. He received the rudiments of his education at the GrammarSchool of that town. In 1781, and in his 16th year, he entered the Dissenting Academy at Daventry, then under the superintendance of the Rev. Thomas Belsham, the present minister of Essex Street. (Mon. Repos. XVII. 285.) His excellent character shone out in this early period of his life, and some of his most valuable friendships were formed with persons who were his fellow pupils. For his tutor he entertained sentiments of the highest respect and esteem, and for no one of the many gentlemen under his care did the tutor feel a warmer regard. In an affectionate letter, written on occasion of his death, Mr. Belsham says, in reference to his character as a student, "Entering with his whole soul into the innocent gaieties of youth, he was distinguished at all times by the steadiness of his conduct, by his respect for religious principles, and by an ardent thirst after knowledge and ambition of improvement; while, at the same time, the suavity of his temper, and the courtesy of his manners, rendered him the object of universal affection and esteem." On leaving the Academy, he was for some time undecided in the choice of his profession. He entered himself of one of the inns of Court in London, and for a short period turned his attention to the law; but not finding legal studies agreeable to the bent of his mind, he exchanged them for those of medicine. To pursue these to the greatest advantage, he enter ed in 1789 the University of Edinburgh. Here he passed three sessions: but being called home to England by the private concerns of his family, for one winter, he did not graduate till the year 1793. His Thesis for his degree, printed at Edinburgh, in that year, bears the following title: "Dissertatio Medica Inau guralis de Colica Pictonum. Quam, Annuente Summo Numine, ex Auctoritate Reverendi admodum Viri D. Gulielmi Robertson, S.S.T. P., Academiæ Edinburgenæ Præfecti, necnon Amplissimi Senatus Academici Consensu, et nobilissimæ Facultatis Medica Decreto; pro Gradu Doctoris, summisque in Medicina Honoribus ac Privilegiis rite et legitime

consequendis; Eruditorum examini sabjicit Samuel Pett, Anglus. Soc. Med. Edin. Soc. necnon Soc. Nat. Stud. Edin.,Soc.Extr. et nuper Præses annuus. Ad diem 24 Junii, hora locoque solitis." On printing his Dissertation, Dr. Pett dedicated it to his respected tutor and valued friend, Mr. Belsham, in the following appropriate terms: "Reverendo Thomæ Belsham, cum ob Consilia et Præcepta, tum ob Amicitiam, qua perplures annos illum dignatus est, semper colendo; hoc Opusculum, animi gratissimi et devinctissimi testimonium, sacrum voluit Auctor." As a member of the Medical Society of Edinburgh, Dr. Pett contributed a paper on the office of the Membrana Tympani, which is amongst the Society's manuscripts. Before this period he had had the happiness of connecting himself in marriage with Mary Aun, the eldest daughter of Jonathan Eade, Esq., of Stoke Newington, the proprietor of the mansion in that village which was long the seat of the Abneys, and which is still an object of curiosity as the residence, for many years, of the learned and pious Dr. Watts.-Dr. Pett's first settlement in his professional character was at Plymouth, in which place and the neighbourhood he was well known and much esteemed. His success was quite equal to his expectations, and would have been probably such as to attach him to this place for life, had not the party-spirit excited by the war of the French Revolution led him to feel that the metropolis, or its vicinity, was a much more congenial situation for a Protestant Dissenter and a friend of freedom. He removed in 1796, and took up his abode at Clapton. Unambitious in his sentiments and retired in his habits, he contented himself at first with the life of a private gentleman, and would, in all probability, have continued in retirement, had he not been overruled by the importunities of friends to resume his profession. Some medical practitioners of the first eminence, amongst whom were the late Drs. Pitcairn and Saunders, strongly urged him to fix in the metropolis. To this he objected, on the ground of health, and, it may be, from feeling himself unequal to the anxiety and effort required to a successful London practice. He was, besides, increasingly bound to Hackney by several valuable friendships; and here accordingly, in compliance with the wishes of many, he again took up his professional character, in the year 1804; and the event proved that his decision was wisely formed, for his practice soon

became considerable, and it was growing yearly until the time of his decease. This was without any contrivance or scheme of his own, and wholly owing to his character, his talents and his manners. He was averse to the usual, and in most cases necessary measures for advancing his professional career. He was once an unsuccessful, and, the writer suspects, an unwilling candidate for the office of physician to the Charter-House, and he allowed himself to be proposed as a candidate for the same office to the London Hospital, but shrunk back in the midst of his canvass from the toilsome drudgery which such a pursuit imposes, and from which it is strange that some means should not be adopted by the public, or at least by the directors of charitable institutions, to save the members of a profession, whose education and social habits may be expected to train them to delicacy of feeling.-Dr. Pett cheerfully accepted and conscientiously fulfiled the duty of Physician to the Refuge for the Destitute in Hackney Road: he was also Physician to the Albion Fire and Life Insurance Office, which appointment he held from the time of the institution of the Society. In the regular and unambitious practice of his profession, Dr. Pett's life was varied by few incidents. His studies of later years were chiefly medical, and few persons in the profession were better acquainted with the history of disease and with the discoveries made in the healing art. His leisure from his increasing medical duties was devoted to general literature and science, and to the enjoyments of social intercourse, in which he took lively plea sure and to which he largely contributed. By a liberal education he had acquired a great mass of general knowledge, and no small share of elegant learning; and by a judicious disposition of his acquirements, appeared competent to the discussion of any subject, whether scientific or literary. He read all new works of merit with avidity, and was rarely seen in his walks or rides without a book in his hand. His diffidence restrained him from employing his pen for the public benefit. His standard of literary excellence was very high, and he seemed to feel that he could not write to his own satisfaction. When urged to publish cases that occurred in his own practice, he was accustomed to disparage his own opinion and to remark that the publication of medical cases had grown into an evil. It is to be regretted that an unjust estimate of his own powers kept him from the exercise of literary composition, since the few specimens of his writing that are given to the public, eviuce remarkable soundness of judgment,

delicacy of feeling and simplicity and perspicuity of style. The earliest of these, known to the present writer, is a short account of the late Rev. Henry Moore, of Liskeard, [Mon. Repos. XVII. 163,] inserted in Dr. Aikin's elegant memoir of that amiable man, prefixed to "Poems Lyrical and Miscellaneous," in quarto, which Dr. A. edited for the Author, and which appeared as a posthumous publication in 1803. Dr. Pett was connected by his family with the Presbyterian congregation at Liskeard; and Mr. Moore's character and taste were too congenial with his own not to attract his cordial esteem.

It may be here added, that Dr. P. was one of the Trustees of the Meeting-House in that place, and that upon the extinction of the old congregation he consented, with his usual liberality, that the building should be occupied by another denomination, rising into importance, but unprovided with a suitable chapel.-The next occasion on which he employed his pen for the public information, was on the death of Mr. Gilbert Wakefield, for whom as a scholar, a Christian, a patriot and a friend, he felt the highest admiration. In conjunction with other medical men, Dr. Pett attended this truly eminent man in his last illness, and at the instance of his biographer, Mr. Rutt, he contributed a letter containing a well-drawn up and very interesting detail of the malady that deprived the world of so distinguished an ornament. This is inserted in Vol. II. of the Memoirs, pp. 289-295, and will be read with eager, but melancholy interest by the friends of Dr. Pett, as it has long been by those of Mr. Wakefield.-The only fruit of Dr. Pett's pen, besides these, was also produced at the call of friendship, in the case of the late much-lamented Mr. Dewhurst. In a letter to Mr. Rutt, who compiled the account of this distinguished scholar, so prematurely taken away from the world, printed in our VIIth volume, pp. 729-749, Dr. Pett both related with great succinctness the progress of his rapidly-fatal disease, and sketched with great felicity his general character. (Pp. 741-743.) From frequent and familiar intercourse, he knew well the powers of Mr. Dewhurst's mind and the rich acquisitions of knowledge which he had stored up, and no one more deeply and permanently lamented his loss. The readers of this work may remember that it was not long ago proposed to publish a collection of Mr. Dewhurst's papers: for the success of this project Dr. Pett was very anxious, and the last letter that he ever wrote, penned after the insidious disease that terminated his valuable life was at work, contained a reference to the favourite

scheme. In the exercise of his profession, Dr. Pett always appeared in his own character, disinterested, condescending, liberal and generous. After the first visit, he was no where a stranger. His patients were his friends. This was the case no less with the poor than with persons in good circumstances. The poor knew and felt this, and hence he was always denominated by them "The Poor Man's Friend." The blessing of them that were ready to perish came upon him. A great number of individuals in humble life, to whom he had been a benefactor, bewailed his death, and still lament bitterly their own loss. No man, perhaps, in his station, was ever followed to the grave by more or deeper mourners; consisting too of that class of persons whose mourning is the dictate not of fashion but of the heart. He was, indeed, "worthy, for whom" they "should do this." He took real pleasure in being serviceable to his poor neighbours. Frequently, after a fatiguing day, and when he was beginning to enjoy the comforts of his fireside, he has called to mind some patient of this class who expected his visit, and regardless of weather and every other inconvenience, has proceeded to the abode of want and disease, at a considerable distance from his own habitation. One of the last efforts of his failing speech, (as it is stated in a note to the Funeral Sermon, p. 44,) was an explanation to his servant of the residences of some poor patients, whom he was anxious to inform of his illness, lest they should suffer in mind or body from his non-attendance. Nothing can more strongly illustrate the power of Dr. Pett's excellent. character than the degree of respect and esteem which he enjoyed amongst the members of his own profession, whom he conciliated, amidst differences of opinion and interest, by his frank conduct and amiable manners. He was a boud of union to such of them as were in his own neighbourhood: those that were at a distance put confidence in him, on account of his wide-spread moral reputation. In general society, Dr. Pett was an universal favourite. His manners were easy but dignified, indicating all that is intended by the word gentleman. He was diffident, but not reserved. As occasion offered, he took his share in conversation, and his remarks displayed a highly-cultivated and well-stored mind. His countenance bespoke his character; it was manly, ingenuous and benignant. He had a peculiarly benevolent smile, which was irresistibly fascinating. Be yond the circle of his profession, his charities were very great. He had, in

fact, a deep sense of the obligation that lies upon a Christian to do good; and such was his humility that he frequently lamented the small amount of his usefulness. There was scarcely a public object dependent upon private liberality for support, within his own religious denomination, to which he was not a subscriber; and many were his contributions to distressed individuals and decayed families, known to few besides the recipients of his bounty and Him who seeth in secret.-To improvements in the coudition of his fellow-creatures he was eagerly devoted, especially such as came within the scope of his profession. Having thoroughly studied from the beginning, and watched the operation of Dr. Jenner's discovery, he was a zealous advocate for vaccination, which he believed would finally exterminate the small-pox, or at least take away the malignity of the disease. He therefore discouraged the variolus inoculation, and partly as a trustee of the parish of Hackney, and partly as a physician, he procured the disuse of the practice amongst the parochial dependents. He drew up a paper on the comparative advantages of the two inoculations, to which he gained the signatures of the medical practitioners at Hackney, and this determined the resolution of the guardians of the poor.Without any ostentation of profession, Dr. Pett was a decided Christian. had little relish for theological and metaphysical niceties, but he entered with his heart and soul into those great views of religion which regard the perfection of the Divine character, and the improvement and happiness of the human race. He despised the mummery of superstition, and shrunk with abhorrence from the appearance of bigotry. He was a Protestant Dissenter, because he believed that the principles of Protestant Dissent lie at the foundation of truth and liberty; he was an Unitarian, because he viewed Unitarianism as the only scheme of Christianity that represents it to be worthy of a Divine author. His connexion with the Gravel-Pit congregation at Hackney was, it is believed, a source of satisfaction to himself; it was, certainly, a matter of rejoicing to his Christian brethren. Many instances were there in his conduct, of the interest which he took in the diffusion of scriptural truth : it deserves to be mentioned that he was one of a small number of liberal and enlightened individuals who, both to express their cordial friendship for Mr. Belsham, and to promote the knowledge of the Scriptures, which Mr. Belsham's life has been spent in advancing, formed the plan for bringing out the "Com

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