The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of ScienceTaylor & Francis, 1914 - Physics |
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absorption acid actinium æther aluminium angle anode apparatus appears atom atomic weight bands beam brush calculated cathode cent centimetre charge chemical chemical potential chloride cluster coefficient collision colloidal compounds constant corpuscles corresponding crystal curve density determined diffusion disintegration distance effect electric field electric force electromagnetic electrons electroscope elements emitted energy equal equations experimental experiments formula frequency give given glacier hydrogen hydrosols increase intensity ionization J. J. Thomson light lines liquid magnetic field mean free path measured method molecular molecules motion negative ions nucleus observed obtained paper particles Phil Phys plane plate platinum polonium positive potential pressure produced proportional quantity radiation radium rays reflexion rotation secondary selenium shown slit solution spark spectra spectrum surface Table temperature theory thickness thorium tube uranium vapour velocity wave wave-length wire
Popular passages
Page 705 - The first part of this paper dealt with a method of photographing X.ray spectra, and included the spectra of a dozen elements. More than thirty other elements have now been investigated, and simple laws have been found which govern the results, and make it possible to predict with confidence the position of the principal lines in the spectrum of any element from aluminium to gold.
Page 500 - While there may be much difference of opinion as to the validity and of the underlying physical meaning of the assumptions made by Bohr, there can be no doubt that the theories of Bohr are of great interest and importance to all physicists as the first definite attempt to construct simple atoms and molecules and to explain their spectra.
Page 497 - ... of a system of charged particles, if close together, will depend not only on the number of these particles, but on the way their fields interact. For the dimensions of the positive and negative electrons considered, the packing must be very close in order to produce an appreciable alteration in the mass due to this cause. This may, for example, be the explanation of the fact that the helium atom has not quite four times the mass of the hydrogen atom.
Page 496 - ... cm. It is obvious that the method we have considered gives a maximum estimate of the dimensions of the nuclei, and it is not improbable that the hydrogen nucleus itself may have still smaller dimensions. This raises the question whether the hydrogen nucleus is so small that its mass may be accounted for in the same way as the mass of the negative electron. It is well known from the experiments of Sir JJ Thomson and others, that no positively charged carrier has been observed of mass less than...
Page 492 - ... Darwin has worked out the relations to be expected when account is taken of the motion of the recoiling atom. He has shown that no sensible error has been introduced in this way even for atoms of such low atomic weight as carbon. Mr. Darwin has also worked out the scattering to be expected if the law of force is not that of the inverse square, and has shown that it is not in accord with experiment either with regard to the variation of scattering with angle or with the variation of scattering...
Page 714 - Now if either the elements were not characterized by these integers, or any mistake had been made in the order chosen or in the number of places left for unknown elements, these regularities would at once disappear. We can therefore conclude from the evidence of the X.ray spectra alone, without using any theory of atomic structure, that these integers are really characteristic of the elements.
Page 490 - Darwin deal with certain points in connexion with the " nucleus " theory of the atom which vere purposely omitted in my first communication on that subject (Phil. Mag. May 1911). A brief account is given of the later investigations which have been made to test the theory and of the deductions which, can be drawn from them. At the same time a brief statement is given of recent observations on the passage of a particles through hydrogen, which throw important light on the dimensions of the nucleus....
Page 226 - The occurrence in an interbedded layer of gravel of a fragment of a jaw of ' Nesodon\ almost identical in appearance with specimens from the Miocene beds of Santa Cruz, affords the only clue for an estimation of their age. They are overlain on the east by gravel deposits of the Desaguadero River, the highest terrace of which was found to contain remains of Mastodon, Megatherium, Scelidotherium, and other Pleistocene vertebrates. From beneath these superficial deposits crops out a series of unfossiliferous...
Page 494 - It is thus to be anticipated that the large angle scattering of a ft particle by the nucleus will take place in regions where the a. particle will only suffer a small deflexion — regions for which the application of the simple theory may not have been accurately tested. For these reasons, it is of great importance to determine the laws of large angle scattering of ft particles of different speeds in passing through matter, as it should throw light on a number of important points connected with...
Page 525 - ... stationary" states. 2. That the dynamical equilibrium of the systems in the stationary states is governed by the ordinary laws of mechanics, while these laws do not hold for the passing of the systems between the different stationary states.