Insect Pests of Rice

abundant active adults appear areas armyworm Asia average become body brood brown cause color common complete damage diapause distinct distribution early East effect eggs emergence Factors feed females fields forms frequently full grown furcifera gall grains grasses green growth hatching head heavy hibernation History host incertulas increases India infestation Insect Pests instar International Rice Research Japan laid larvae later lays leaf blade leaf sheath leaves light live losses lower lugens maggots Major males mass migrate mortality moths nymphs occasionally occurs oviposition panicles percent period Pests of Rice Philippines planthopper population Proc pupae pupation ranges recorded reduced References regions remain reported rice crop rice fields rice plants Rice Research Institute roots seedlings Selected References serious severe soil South Southern species stage stem borer suppressalis surface temperature tillers transplanting tropical undergo usually varieties various wide