Fiat Justitia Ruat Cæuim. “ We are too wicked ever to love them, as And what, beloved, is hatred, if it be not God commands us to do-we are so resolute hatred, to keep my brother man in the vilest in our wickedness, as not even to desire to do bondage, without a crime, for my own will or so-and we are so proud in iniquity, that we my own emolument, merely because he is poor will hate and revile whoever disturbs us in it.- and weak, and has a darker skin than ours, the We want, like the devils of old, to be let alone colour which God has given him !!! in our sin-we are unalterably determined-and Think, oh think, how more deadly than any neither God or man shall move us from this other wounds, are the wounds with which resolution--that our free coloured men never Christ is wounded, in the house of his friends. shall be happy in their native land.” The A.

G. STEWART. C. Society, I say, finds this most base and cruel prejudice, and lets it alone--nay more, it direct

ARNOLD BUFFUM ly and powerfully supports it.

THE HATTER?- -AND The A. C. Society finds 2,000,000 of its fel

REV. JOSHUA N. DANFORTH. low men most iniquitously enslaved; and it The first named of these gentlemen, is the finds a resolution as proud and wicked' as the very spirit of the Pit can make it, against

obey: Society-the last is an agent of the African

President of the New England Anti-Slavery ing God, and letting them go free in their native land. It lets this perfectly internal reso. Colonization Society. Both have been travelution alone, or, rather efficiently supports it, for ling, of late, in the New England States, lecit in fact says, as a fond and feeble father might turing on the subjects of emancipation and col. say to some overgrown baby before whose obstinate wickedness he quailed, “never mind my onization. Buffum is a member of the Society dear—I don't want to prevent your beating and of Friends, and a Hatter. Danforth is said to be abusing your brothers and sisters—let that bebut here is a box of sugar-plums--do pray give

a Presbyterian and by tradea Preacher. Further, them one or two now and then." The A.C.

we know little of him. The former was long Society says, practically, to the slave holders, | an influential member of the Rhode Island and the slave party in the United States: “We

“Abolition Society;" and he occupied a seat, don't want to prevent your plundering 2,000,000 of our fellow men of their liberty, and of the

as a delegate from said Society, in the “ Ameri. fruits of their toil; although we know by every can Convention for the Abolition of Slavery,”. principle of law, which does not utterly disgrace || &c. at its session of 1824, in the City of Philaus by assimilating us to Pirates, that they have as good and as true a right to the equal protec-delphia. At that place, the writer of this artition of the Law as we have ; and although we cle became acquainted with him, and cheerfulourselves stand prepared to die, rather than sub-ly:bears testimony to his superior talents, moral mit even to a fragment of the intolerable load of oppression to which we are subjecting them, worth, and devoteduess to the cause of philan, yet never mind let that be-they have grown thropy. old in suffering, and we in iniquity-and we It appears that, in urging the claims of their have nothing to do now, but to speak peace, respective Associations to the consideration of peace, to one another in our sins. But if their masters, whether from benevolence, an

the public, these gentlemen have become involvawakened conscience, or political or personal | ed in a spirited controversy. Buffum challengfear, should emancipate any, let us send them to

ed Danforth to a public discussion ; but this, it Liberia :- that is, in fact, let us give a sugarplum, here and there to a few, while the many appears, the latter declined, while (in the pleniare living and dying unredressed,-and while we tude of his “philanthropy”-perhaps) he unare thus countenancing the atrocious iniquity | dertook to cast odium upon his opponent, by beneath which they are perishing."

In this aspect I find the A. c. Society declar- ridiculing his professional business !—he repreing itself a substitute for emancipation :

sented him as A HATTER !!! The Colonization and it is in this aspect that I contend with it, Society has been very unfortunate, in selecting and that I proclaim it, as far as it has this char- || such a tool as this. He has rendered himself acter, and no further, a bane to the colored people, whether enslaved or free, and a spare and extremely ridiculous, while his conduct reflects a disgrace to its country.

no credit upon his employers, Buffum did not If you can lawfully publish this letter, I wish | fail to retort upon his assailant the pointed shaft to'avail myself of the opportunity, most sol- of satire. Alluding to the grave and weighty emnly and affectionately, to call upon all who

charge” of being “a Hatter,” he makes, name the name of Christ in America, to depart instantly from the deadly iniquity of Negro among others, the following cutting remarks : Slavery. And as they pretend to be either the “ Must I record it? Well then, here it is! children or ministers of God, to remember that · The Agent of the New England Anti-Slavery bis name is Love-that the very object of his Society is–A HATTER!!!

What! Hatter, coming, in the flesh, was “to proclaim liberty and he presume to know any thing about the to the captives, and the opening of the prison to rights of man ? Monstrous absurdity ! He them that are bound.”—Isa. 61.1. That if He undertake to put his felt upon our blockheads ? "so loved us, we ought also, to love one anoth- We'll teach him better than all that. He bring er.”—John. 4. 11. That he declares, that “ 'he great men, like us, into his hot water? That will that loveth not his brother, abideth in death." never do. He ought to be bound with all the Is. 3. 14. That his first and great command- | bits of his old broken bow-strings, and thrown ment is, “To love the Lord our God, &c. into his own dye-kettle till he is black enough and that the man who says “I love God, and to be colonized, and then, to complete the clin hateth his brother, is a Liar."

max of his punishment, be sent to Liberia.”

any of

Fiat Justitia Ruat Cælum. FURTHER DESCRIPTION OF THE TEXAS

time be troublesoine visitants; but they COUNTRY.

soon retire from tbe haunts of inan. The (Burnett's Letter Concluded.)

Pecari, or wild bog, is occasionally met

with in small gangs. “I do not design to portray Texas as a

They are of no paradise of immortality. Man is mortal value and will soon disappear. Some by the tenure of his existence, and must Panthers and wild Cats skull in the die there, as elsewhere. But that it is thickets. They are not numerous, how. blessed with a climate of uncommon sa

ever, and will soon be exterminated. lubrity and delightfulness, is an opinion Buffalo are seldom seen near the sea-coast. warranted by the observations of all trav- They descend in large herds from the ellers, and obviously accounted for by its Arkansas and Missouri, and furnish the locality and configuration.

That some

principal sustenance of the Indians of parts of it will be more or less sickly, is the interior of Texas. Wild harses roam quite probable. Indeed, it would be over the country; they abound particustrange were it not so. Bilious and in- larly on the river Nueces, and far in the termittent fevers are incident to all south- | interior. Within the organized settleern latitudes, and very few northern ones

ments they are not numerous, and are are exempt from them. But there are rapidly diminishing. They are often few regions, either north or south, where caught in droves by being driven into bilious fevers are of a milder type, or

pens constructed for that purpose: and more within the control of medicine, than when taken young, under four years old, are those which occur in Texas; and but are easily subdued and domesticated. few, if any, chronic diseases originate Many of them are animals of fine figure, there. Lest I should be supposed to ex

but they are generally inferior in size to aggerate, which I certainly do not in the blood horses of this country. They tend, I will quote the authority of the are of all colours, are hardy and active, late General Pike, who travelled through and better adapted to the saddle than tó Texas in 1807, and who, in his journal, harness.* Mingled with the herds of

. under the head of Texas, says, “It is Mustangs, or wild Horses, are frequently one of the most delightful temperatures seen Jacks, Jennies, and Mules. "Mules in the world. The province is well tim- and Horses were formerly raised in great bered for 100 miles from the coast, and abundance, and made a principal part of has some small prairies interspersed the exports of the country, and will soon through its timbered lands: but take it again become a lucrative branch of busigenerally, it is one of the richest and ress, as it is attended with little labor most prolific and best watered countries in and trifling expense. Good Jacks can North America."

be purchased in the neighborhood of the “ The rivers are well furnished with Rio Grande for about $20, and good unfish of different sorts. The Red-fish broken Mares, which are equally valuaabound in Galveston Bay, insomuch that ble as broken ones, can be had at two to a bar, which intersects it, takes its name

five dollars per head, and driven into from them. They ascend the streams for Texas, at an expense, including all risks, some distance, but I believe are not estimated at about 50 per cent. on the found above tide-water. It is a fish of first cost. A capital stock once obtained, excellent favor, weighing from five to and the subsequent expenses are trifling; twelve pounds, and takes the hook with

the increase sure and valuable. The all the voracity of the pike. Oyster beds whole face of the country, woodland and are frequent along the coast, and at most

*The herds of wild horses present a beautiful of the inlets. The oysters are fine, and spectacle when they are alar med in their nasometimes large, and may be convenient-tive wilds by the intrusion of an army. Instead ly gathered. In the winter season, the lof fying, as the deer and other timid animals, waters near the coast are literally cover-thousands, apparently for the purpose of recon

they gallop round in compact masses of many ed with wild fowl, such as Ducks, Geese, noitring the strangers; and frequently advance Brant, and Swan. Geese and Ducks re- | boldly to within a few yards of the line of sort in great numbers to the interior march, where they halt to gaze at the troops, waters. Deer and Wild Turkies are com

snorting and showing every sign of astonish

ment and displeasure, especially at sight of the mon every where. The black bear is cavalry. These droves are always headed by frequently found in the forests and cane some fine looking old bashaws, whose flowing brakes. Wolves, of several varieties,

manes and tails plainly show that they have infest the country, and will for some

never been subject to man's control; and in the reår the mares and colts follow.--Literary Gaz.

Fiat Justitia Ruat Cælum.

prairie, upland and bottom, is verdanted into as ample and well provisioned with grass; and throughout the winter sheep-walks, as any country in the season, the bottom-lands and cane brake, world, and I should judge the climate to afford a fresh and apparently inexhausti. be happily adapted to the merino breed. ble pasturage for black cattle, to the rais- “ Texas is not only an agricultural and ing of which, some of the emigrants have a stock producing country; but it abounds lately turned their attention. The stock | in valuable metals and other fossils.will seldom require even the slight trou- Many rich specimens of silver ore have ble of salting, as licks are common, and been found, and there is no question that their instinctive propensities will soon this metal exists in large quantities. Trafind them out. Where they are confined || dition speaks of gold. The master metal, to cane-brakes, it will be advisable to use iron, has been discovered in many places, * salt occasionally, on account of the con- and not remote from navigable water.stipative quality of that food; but when | Lead has been found, without being they feed alternately on grass and cane it sought for; and whether it occurs freis less necessary.

It has been said, and quently, or in large quantities, I am not not without reason, that it will cost more informed. I have seen samples of copto raise a brood of chickens in Texas, || per ore, taken from the head waters of than an equal number of cattle. The the Brasos, that were almost pure. In. one is feeble and dependent and confin-dications of stone coal have been casual. ed to the precincts of the house, where ly observed. Salt springs have been disits natural means of sustenance are soon covered in several places, and salt laexhausted, and it must be fed and pro- goons are spread over much of the countected. The others range abroad; are try on the sea board between the river nourished and defended by their respec. Nueces and the, Rio Grande. The tive dams, who, feeding on the untilled water of the Brasos is sometimes percepand ungarnered harvest of nature, are tibly impregnated with salt, which provery soon competent to protect and sup- || ceeds from an immense depository of port themselves.

that mineral, near its source.

In Bur. “The horses, mules, black cattle, hogs, net's grant, on the waters of the Netches, and sheep of Texas will always find good there is a copious salt spring, the water markets in the West India Islands and of which is said to be so strong that comin Louisiana. At piesent the beef cat. mon salt is not soluble in it. It spreads tle and hogs are slaughtered at St. An

over a surface of several hundred yards, tonio de Bexar; but that market is limit. and the ground is thickly incrusted with ed and precarious.

In many parts of it by natural evaporation. Salt is made Texas hogs may be raised in great num-|| in considerable quantities at the mouth bers, on the native mass. Acorns, pe

of the Brasos. The water is extracted cans, hickory nuts, &c. with the several from a well about 20 feet deep, in the 4 varieties of grass and many kinds of roots, salt marshes which line the coast in that

afford them ample sustenance throughout quarter. In short, Texas is abundantly the year. But these advantages are inci-furnished with this indispensable article. dental and peculiar to a new country, and Many years will not elapse, before the will of course gradually disappear as the Minerals of Texas will attract the atten. settlements become compact and the tion of mineralogists whose researches ground is occupied. They nevertheless will probably lead to developements of yet

It contribute much to the comfort and pros- | unexplored and incalculable riches. perity of early settlers, and will, fur years was a part of the colonial policy of the to come, be measurably enjoyed in the ancient government, induced by the proxterritory under consideration. There are imity of the country to the United States, but few sheep at present in the southern to prohibit all such investigations within part of Texas. They are raised in large this frontier Province. herds on the Prairies of the northern part

Among the inducements to emigrånear the Rio Grande ; but the wool is tion presented by this interesting counnot of the best kind. In all the middle

*From the neighborhood of the Saline, thirty and maratime districts, the herbage is

or forty miles west, the country contains vast generally too luxuriant, and the tempera- || beds of iron ore. On some of the eminences ture is too high for that delicate and fas- | the road is, literally, “M’Adamised” with iron

gravel! The level land, and the bottoms are, tidious animal, but the interior and hilly at the same time, exceedingly productivie. regions are susceptible of being convert.

а

ED, G. V. E.

Fiat Justitia Ruat Cælum.

a

try, the facility and cheapness of access Mexico is short and mild, nearly as warm to it, are by no means inconsiderable.- || as our summer. It is considered over A passage from New York to Galveston | by the first of January. Ou the 20th of may be effected as soon, as cheaply, and last January, spring was rapidly advanc. as pleasantly, as to New Orleans; and ing. My correspondent writes, that the vessels of any size that can reach the one trees were putting forth their leaves; the place, may have easy access to the other. Howers were in bloom; the birds singing Indeed, Galveston, as a harbor, is much round him, and the farmers ploughing superior to New Orleans. The depth of and sowing. All the fashion of the city water on the respective bars is about|of Mexico were promenading the streets, equal; but Galveston has an immense gaily dressed, without any covering on advantage in lying directly on the Gulf, their heads, till late at night, enjoying and not requiring the costly aid of steam the mild and refreshing air, under the tow boats to conduct shipping to its des- light of the brightest moon he had ever tined haven. The situation of Galves. || seen. The atmosphere was so pure, and ton for foreign commerce is very felicit-cloudless, that the moon gave a light su

The Gulf of Mexico is spread outperior to that of the sun in countries before it. Cuba is near at hand, and all | where vapors and clouds intercept its the Islands of the West Indies are with

rays. A Mexican might say, that “the in a few day's sail, as is also the entire moon is twice as big in his country as it coast of Central America, of Venezuela is in England.” and of Colombia. The current of the My heart bounds at the idea, that a Gulf Stream, the great River of the country, thus delightful in its seasons, is Ocean, is at hand to sweep her vessels, destined to perpetual freedom. Faction, with accelerated rapidity, to the eastern | anarchy, and war, for a time, obscure the Atlantic. The ports of Matamoros, Tam-rays of well regulated liberty; but its pico, Alvarado, Vera Cruz, and Cam-| general light must, in the lapse of a few peachy, all within the government of years, attain its full radiance and glory, Mexico, are open to her commerce; free and gladden the hearts, and shed blesof charges; and will always afford rich sings on the heads of the improving inand extensive markets for the lumber, || habitants of our sister republic.” the provisions, and to some extent, for the cotton of Texas. Indian corn is

JEFFERSON'S OPINION. never worth less than one dollar, and

The sentiments of this justly celebrated often commands from two to three dollars

statesman are looked up to with a kind of reveper bushel, at either of those ports.Beans, peas, potatoes, and other culina

rence, by the people of this country. It may, ry vegetables are always in demand, and therefore, be proper to ask the public attention may be produced in any desirable to the following letter to his grandson, T.J.

quantity. No country promises a more ample Randolph, which we copy from a newspaper. remuneration to the industry of its inhabi- || It was read in the Legislature of Virginia at its tants than, this, and the laws of none

late session. bold forth stronger protection to the la- We do not precisely agree with the venerable bor of respectable emigrants. Popula. writer in every particular, relative to this subtion she wants--sober, industrious, vir- || ject; but we forbear making any comment now: tuous, republican population. With that, || Towards the close we have emphasized a few she will compete with the choicest sec- || words, to which we specially invite the attentions of the globe, in all that is requisitetion of the Philanthropist. to secure the happiness and prosperity of MONTICELLO, Aug. 25,-'14.

Dear 'SIR-Your favor of July 31,

was duly received, and was read with pèThe following brief descriptive account of a culiar pleasure. The sentiments breath. winter scene, at the capital of the Mexican Reed through the whole do honor to buth public, with the reflections appended to it, are the head and the heart of the writer. interesting. It is copied from a late letter, || Mine, on the subject of the slavery of written by a gentleman in the western country. I negroes, have long since been in possesIn Texas, as well as further south, little or no sion of the public, and time has only w is known. The bitants begin to plant | served to give them stronger root. The corn in the latter part of January.

love of justice, and the love of country, “You are aware that the winter in ! plead equally the cause of these people,

man."

WINTER IN MEXICO.

Fiat Justitia Ruat Cælum. and it is a moral reproach to us that they had made towards this point the progress should have pleaded it so long in vain, I had hoped. Your solitary but welcome and should have produced not a single voice is the first which has brought this effort, nay I fear not much serious wil. sound to my ear; and I have considered lingness, to relieve them and ourselves the general silence which prevails on from our present condition of moral and this subject as indicating an apathy unpolitical reprobation. From those of a favorable to every hope. Yet the hour former generation, who were in the full of emancipation is advancing in the ness of age when I came into public life, | march of time. It will come; and whewhich was while our controversy with ther brought on by the generous energy England was on paper only, I soon saw of our own minds, or by the bloody prothat nothing was to be hoped. Nursed cess of St. Domingo, excited and conand educated in the daily habit of see. | ducted by the power of our present ene. ing the degraded condition, both bodily my, if once stationed permanently withand mental, of those unfortunate beings, in our country, and offering asylum and not reflecting that that degradation was arms !o the oppressed, is a leaf of our very much the work of themselves and history not yet turned over. their fathers, few minds had yet doubted As to the method by which this diffi. but that they were as legitimate subjects | cult work is to be effected, if permitted of property as their horses or cattle.- to be done by ourselves, I have seen no The quiet and monotonous course of co-proposition so expedient on the whole, lonial life, had been disturbed by no as that of emancipation of those born alarm, and little reflection on the value of after a certain day, and of their educa. liberty; and when alarm was taken at an tion and expatriation at a proper age.enterprise on their own, it was not easy This would give time for the gradual to carry them the whole length of the extinction of that species of labor and principles which they invoked for them- || substitution of another, and lessen the selves. In the first or second session of severity of the shock which an operation the Legislature, after I became a mem- so fundamental never fails to produce. ber, I drew to this subject the attention The idea of emancipating the whole at of Col. Bland, one of the oldest, ablest, once, the old as well as the young, and and most respected members, and be un-retaining them here, is of those only who dertook to move for certain moderate ex- have not the guide of either knowledge tensions of the protection of the laws to or experience of the subject. For men, these people. I seconded his motion, probably of any color, but of this color and, as a younger member, was more spar- we know, brought up from their infancy cd in the debate; but he was denounced without necessity, forethought or foreas an enemy to his country, and was treat. cast, are by their habits rendered as in. ed with the grossest indecorum. From capable as children of taking care of an early stage of the revolution, other themselves, and are extinguished promptand more distant duties were assigned | ly whenever industry is necessary for me, so that from that time till my return raising the young. In the mean time, from Europe in 1789, and I may say, till I they are pests in society by their idle. returned to reside at home in 1809, I had ness, and the depredations to which this little opportunity of knowing the pro- | leads them. Their amalgamation with gress of public sentiment here, on this the other color produces a degradation to subject. I had always hoped that the which no lover of his country-no lover younger generation, receiving their early of excellence in the human character impressions after the flame of liberty had -can innocently consent. been kindled in every breast, and had I

am sensible of the partialities with become, as it were, the vital spirit of which you have looked towards me, as every American, that the generous tem- the person who should undertake this perament of youth, analagous to the salutary but arduous work. But this, motion of their blood, and above the sug- my dear sir, is like bidding old Priam to gestions of avarice, would have sympa-buckle the armor of Hector “trementithised with oppression wherever found, I bus ævo humeris et inutile ferrum cingi.? and proved their love of liberty beyond -No. I have overlived the generation their own share of it. But my inter- with which mutual labors and perils becourse with them, since my return, has

got mutual confidence and influence.not been sufficient to ascertain that they This enterprise is for the young; for