Mansel, John, one of the 24, 1258, 193: elector of council, 194: am- bassador to Scotland, 204: flies to France, 248: obtains papal letters, 258: property of, given to H. de Montfort, 321. Marche, Hugh, Count of la, promises aid to Henry III, 55: deserts him, 57.
Marchers, the, at war with Welch, 241 feuds among, 243: attack Bishop of Hereford, 244: side with king, 1263, 251, 257; 1264,263: banished, 315, 329: join the Earl of Gloucester, 328: aid Edwards escape, 330.
Margaret, Queen of France, arbi- trates, 229: influence of, 241, 261. Margaret, wife of G. de Montfort, 365.
Marlborough, Parliament of, 362. Marsh, Adam (or de Marisco), friend
of S. de Montfort, 85, 92, 102: ambassador to France, 121: con- nexion of, with Oxford, 175. Marsh, Robert, draws up list of privileges, 155.
Marshall, William, Earl, see Pem- broke: Roger, Earl, see Norfolk. Martin, papal nuncio, demands of, 68, 71, 72: expelled, 75. Mayor of London, elected by citizens, 169, 174: swears Provisions of Oxford, 207: sides with S. de Montfort, 251: repre- sents the city, 307. Merchants, English, exactions from,
172: foreign, admitted, 287. Merton, statute of, see Statute. Merton, Walter of, Chancellor, 230: deposed, 250.
Middlesex, represented by London, 169, 307.
Molis, Nicolas de, commissioner, 97. Monarchy, Norman, absolute, 1-4: rights of, discussed, 179: position of, in Provisions of Oxford, 198; in Ordinance of London, 290. Monmouth, S. de Montfort at, 332.
Montargis, Dominican convent at, 364. Montfort PAmauri, position, &c., of, 31, 32, 38.
Montfort, family of, 32, 33. Montfort, Amauri VI de, claims the earldom of Leicester, 38, 40: on crusade, 53, 54.
Montfort, Amauri de, flies to France, 350: subsequent life of, 367. Montfort, Eleanor de, marries Lle- welyn, &c., 368.
Montfort, Guy de, at Lewes, 277; at Evesham, 343: escapes, 352: to Italy, 365 murders H. of Almaine, 366: subsequent life of, 367.
Montfort, Henry de, born, 46: to Gascony, 102: holds Dover, 173: to France, 203: knighted, 226: at Hereford, 1263, 244: to Amiens, 260: at Lewes, 277: avarice of, 318 attends Edward, 330: at Evesham, 343.
Montfort, Peter de (sen.), one, of the 24, 1258, 194: on Welch border,
1263, 243 to Boulogne, 252: to Amiens, 260: at Evesham, 343. Montfort, Richard de, flies to France, 350: subsequent life of, 367. Montfort, Simon IV de, Earl of Leicester, 34 marriage of, 35: character, ibid.: on crusade, 36: deprived of earldom, ibid.: re- stored, 37: death of, ibid. Montfort, Simon V de, early life of, 39: first visit to England, claims earldom, 40: opposed by English nobility, goes abroad, 41: returns, member of council, 42: marries, 44: opposed by nobility, to Rome, 45: returns successful, 46: quarrels with king, 47, 48: to France, 48: supported by Grosseteste, 50: bribes Curia, 51: reconciled to king, returns, 52: on crusade, 53: in England again, 54: to France, 1242, 55, 57: returns, 58 on committee of
1244, 70: leader of opposition, 73 signs protest, 1246, 78: public life of, 84: private life of, 85 takes cross, &c., ibid. : lieutenant in Gascony, 87: first success, returns, again to Gascony, 88. letter of, to king, 89: success of, 89, 90: returns, 91: again to Gascony, 92: his difficulties, ibid.: returns, 93: letters of A. Marsh to, 93: accused, distrusted by king, 94: conduct of, investigated, 95: again to Gascony, 96: trial of, 98, 99: quarrels with king, 100, 101: to Gascony again, 102: defeats the Gascons, retires to France, 103 rejects French offers, resigns his post, 104: goes to aid of king, 105, 105: returns to Eng- land, 106 in Parliament, 1254, 112 in England, 1254, 113: ambassador to Scotland, 114: in France, 1255, 116; 1257, 121: foreign policy of, 122: quarrels with W. of Valence, 123, 187: public life of, till 1258, 127, 128: private life of, 128: political character of, 129, 130: disadvan- tages, 132 patron of Friars, 138: supported by smaller barons, 167; by London and Cinque Ports, 168; by Universities, 175: en- trusts Dover to H. de Montfort, 173: link between clergy and laity, 176: political principles of, 178: leads opposition, 1258, 188: ambassador to France, 190: gives up his castles, 192: one of the 24, 193 objects to Provi- sions of Oxford, 200: holds Winchester, 202: ambassador to Scotland, 204: hostility of Henry to, 210 jealousy of, 211: weak- ness of his supporters, ibid.: con- stant, but loses power, 212: at Parliament, Lent, 1259, ibid.: to France, 213: quarrels with Earl of Gloucester, 216: yields pri- vate claims, 218: conducts nego-
tiations with France, 219: ob- scurity of life of, 1260-63, 221, character of struggle with king, ibid. shifting power of, 222 returns to England, 223: accused of introducing troops, 224 quarrels with Earl of Glou- cester, 225: supported by Edward, ibid. general against Welch, 226: connection of, with Edward, ibid. influence of, 1260, 227: private dispute of, with king, 229 summons knights, 233: to France, 1261, 234: negotiates with Pope, 235 pardon offered to, 236 remains abroad, 237: popular opinion of, 238, 239: returns to England, 1263, 239, 242 sole leader, 240: connexion of, with Welch, 241: in favour with Louis IX, 242 on Welch border, 244: negotiates, collects forces, 245 sends ultimatum, 246 marches on Dover, 247: negotiates, 248 to London, 249: supreme, 250: constant, but loses power, 251 to Boulogne, 252: refutes charges, 253: returns to London, 254: nearly taken by king, 255 proofs of constancy of, 256 motives for submitting to arbitration, 257: breaks his leg, 1264, 260: rejects Mise of Amiens, 261: sends his sons westward, 264 at Brackley, negotiates, 265, 266: to London, 267 at St. Albans, 270 : attacks Rochester, returns to London, ibid. marches on Lewes, offers terms, 271: prepares for battle, 272, 273 march of, 274: plans, 276 generalship of, 279: com. plete victory of, 281: dictates Mise of Lewes, 282: indemnity to, 283 ecclesiastical legislation of, 286: draws up scheme of government, 287: political genius of, 289, 293: enfranchises smaller barons, 294 political work of,
296, 310 wishes to unite clergy and laity, 306: one of three electors, 1265, 311: prepares for invasion, 312: excommunicated, 314 subdues the Marchers, 315: charges against, 316: arrogance of his sons, 318: his difficulties, 318, 320: exchanges castles with Edward, 319: poem in defence of, 319 justiciar, 322: stops tournaments, 323, 328 : quarrels with the Earl of Gloucester, 324, 325: upbraids the magnates, 326 leaves London, 328: goes westward, 329: summons army against Edward, 331: allies with Llewelyn, 332: cut off behind the Severn, 333 his plans, 335 marches on Eves- ham, 336 conduct of, 337 : death of, 343: character of, 344 effect of death of, 347: family of, outlawed, 348: mira- cles of, 357 work of, completed by Edward, 363. Montfort, Simon de, the younger, born, 52: knighted, 226: taken at Northampton, 267: goes to join his father, 1265, 333: surprised at Kenilworth, 334, 335: occu- pies Axeholme, surrenders, 351: flies to France, 352: visits Eves- ham, 365: murders Henry of Almaine, 366: death of, 367. Montmorenci, Alice de, wife of Simon IV de Montfort, 34. Mortimer, Roger, one of the 24, 1258, 194 pardon offered to, 236 sides with king, 1263, 256; 1264, 263: allies with Earl of Gloucester, 329: receives Edward, 331 at Evesham, 339 : rewarded, 349.
Munchanesy, William de, taken at
Navarre, King of, intrigues in Gas- cony, 87, 88.
Neville, Robert, royalist baron, 263.
Newcastle, ceded to S. de Montfort, 319. Newport, Mon., S. de Montfort at, 332.
Nicholas, a mathematician, 39: another, 340.
Norfolk, Roger, Earl of, in France, 1242, 57 on committee of 1244, 70: reply of, to king, 177: against king, 1258, 188: one of the 24, 194 elector of council, ibid. on council of regency, 222: pardon offered to, 236 on side of king, 1263, 256: excommuni- cated, 316.
Norman kings of England, 1–6. Normandy, loss of, 2: expedition to, 1177, 11 English claims on, 122 ceded, 220. Northampton, supports Henry II and John, 174: attacked by Ed- ward, 1264, 264, 267, tournament at, 329 on side of S. de Mont- fort, 334 council at, 351. Northern barons, against John, 14: royalist, 1258, 132, 263, 316. Norwich, sacked by the Disinherited, 358.
Nottingham, taken by Henry III, 270.
Octavian, treasures of, 171. Odiham, castle of Countess of Lei- cester, 43, 46, 328, 331: given up by S. de Montfort, 192. Offham, near Lewes, 274-278. Ordinance of London, 287-289:
principles of, 289, 290, 295: compared with present system, 291 incomplete, 292: accepted, 305, 326.
Osney, riot at, 66. Otho, papal legate, 66. Ottoboni, cardinal-legate, arrives, 350 suspends bishops, 352: ex- communicates barons, 355: for- bids miracles of S. de Montfort, 357.
Pandulf, Cardinal, 25. Papacy, attitude of, under John, 13: exactions of, 26, 29, 135, 139, &c. relations of, with Eng- land, 134, 137: gratitude of Henry III to, 27, 126. Parliament, early growth of, 3, 7, 14 non-apparent in Magna Carta, 20 powers of, 23, 24, 166 summons to, 164: places and times of meeting of, 164, 165 growth of power of, 166: name of, in use, ibid. of 1242, 67: 1244, 69: 1246, 78: 1248, 82: 1249, 83: 1252, 110, 304: 1253, III: 1254, 106, 112: 1255, 113, 117: 1257, 120, 123: 1258, 187, 191, 305: to be called thrice a year, 195: the Mad, 199: of Oxford, continued at Winches- ter and London, 203, 204, 206: 1259, 212, 214: no one to come armed to, 60, 214: forbidden by king, 223 of 1260, 225: 1261, 227, 230, 304 1263, 250: 1264, 285, 297, 305: Jan. 1265, 297, 307, 321, 325 of 1264, 1265, incomplete, 308: 1267, 358, 362: 1295, 363. Party, national and royalist, 1258,
131, 132; in 1263, 255: princi- ples of national, 178. Peak, Castle of the, ceded to S. de Montfort, 319.
Pembroke, William, Earl of, 24, 25. Pembroke, Richard, Earl of, against
Henry III, 43: outlawed, 60: rebels, 61.
Pembroke, Walter, Earl of, on com- mittee of 1244, 70: William of Valence, Earl of, see Valence. Pembroke, Hugh Bigod and others land at, 329.
Pestilence, 1258-59, 209.
Pevensey, royalists escape by, 281: besieged, 333.
Philip Augustus, connection of, with Albigensian crusade, 37. Philip III, of France, at Viterbo, 366. Pigorel, William, lieutenant of S. de Montfort, 96. Poitevins, see Aliens.
Poitou, regained, 25: granted to Alfonse, 55 ceded, 58, 220. Porchester, Countess of Leicester at, 331.
Prelates, foreign, in England, 26, 75, 149.
Proctors, English, at Lyons, 75: at Rome, 235.
Protest, of 1244, 70 of 1245, 74: of 1246, 78 of knighthood, 1259, 213. Provisions of Oxford, 194: charac- ter of, 197-199: good points of, 200 promise of king to observe, 201 of Richard, 207: well received, ibid.: oath to, 210: S. de Montfort objects to, 212: of Westminster, 214, 215 : infringed, 223, 225 not valid, 228: king released from oath to, 230: arbitration on, 234, 250, 255: S. de Montfort demands recognition of, 1263, 246: Henry promises to observe, 249 in Mise of Amiens, 260, 261 in Mise of Lewes, 283 abolished, 1265, 349 confirmed, 1267, 362.
Radnor, castle of, taken, 264. Reading, S. de Montfort at, 247: council at, 254.
Reigate, S. de Montfort at, 247. Reole, La, citizens of accuse S. de Montfort, 96,
Representation, of smaller barons wanting, 23 in 1261, 213: in 1264, 285, 304 origin and growth of, 297, 298 uncertainty about, 299 occasions of, 300: machinery of, 302. Representatives of the community,' 1258, 195, 196: definition of, 303 first actual appearance of, 304. Rich, Edmund, Archbishop of Can- terbury, opposes S. de Montfort, 43, 44; P. des Roches, 61. Richard I, 2, 12: R. Earl of Corn- wall, see Cornwall.
Roches, Peter des, Bishop of Win- chester, 25: dismissed, 26: returns, 30 has custody of Lei- cester estates, 38: influence of, 59, 60, 135: dismissed again, 61.
Rochester, attacked by S. de Mont- fort, 270. Ropeley, R. de, 37.
Ros, Robert de, 177.
Rouen, Archbishop of, an arbitrator, 312.
Rustand, papal nuncio, 117, 118,
Saintes, battle of, 57.
Sandwich, Henry of, see London, Bishop of.
Savoy, Boniface of, 63: Archbishop
of Canterbury, 66: on committee of 1244, 70: unfitness of, 132: summons an assembly, 1258, 187 one of the 24, 193: on the council, 195 on council of re- gency, 222 absent from Eng- land, 266, bidden to return, 286. Savoy, Peter of, 63: supports S. de Montfort, 98: ambassador to France, 121, 190; to Scotland, 204 on the council, 1258, 195: summoned, 1265, 324. Savoy, Thomas of, 63. Scarborough, held by H. Bigod, 231.
Scotland, expedition to, 72: tenth from, 146 in league with Welch, 186 embassy to, 204. Scutage, introduced, 12 in Magna Carta, 20 taken, 111, 155. Segrave, Nicolas de, at Lewes,
277 in Isle of Ely, 361. Segrave, Stephen de, has custody of Leicester estates, 37: justiciar, 61. Sempringham, Guenciliana at, 368. Severn, military importance of, 263, 332, 333.
Sheriffs, exactions of, 162, 214: removed, 1237, 163: importance of, 163, 302, 303: complaints against, 200 enactments touch- ing. 201, 212, 236, 237, 362: removed, 1261, 231: resisted, 236 expelled, 1263, 246. Shrewsbury, Edward at, 332: army to meet at, 362.
Sicily, offered to Edmund, 114: conditions touching, 115: the scheme, 116, 122, 184: repudiated, 204, 205: renewed, 223: offered to Charles of Anjou, 258. Sienna, merchants of, III. Socage, tenants by, increase of, 301: unrepresented, 23, 167.
Song, on expedition to France, 55: on battle of Lewes, 178, 319. Southwark, poisoning at, 203: S. de Montfort at, 255.
St. Albans, H. Bigod at, 109: knights summoned to, 233: S. de Montfort at, 269.
Statute, of Merton, 63, 154, 166: of 1297, 363.
Stephen, 4, 6: recognised by London, 168. Stewardship, High, office of, 35, 36: held by S. de Montfort, 42, 322: by H. of Almaine, 226. Subtenants, rights of, in Magna Carta, 17, 18, 21: unrepresented, 23, 167: grievances of, 167: increase of, 301.
Sussex, population of, against king, 172: forests of, ibid.
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