French force, under General Galbois, to the town of Setif, a dependency of Algiers, one of those splendid triumphal arches erected by the Romans was discovered, in perfect preservation, bearing an inscription which records that it had been dedicated to Caracalla, and Julia his mother, in the third century of the Christian era.

MUMMIES AT DURANGO, MEXICO.

A million of mummies, it is stated, have lately been discovered in the environs of Durango, in Mexico. They are in a sitting posture, but have wrappings, bands and ornaments as the Egyp tians; among them was found a poignard of flint with a sculptured handle, chaplets, necklaces, &c. of alternately coloured beads, fragments of bones polished like ivory, fine worked elastic tissues (probably our modern India-rubber cloth), moccasins worked like those of our Indians, bones of vipers, &c. It is unknown what kind of embalming was used, or whether the mummies were preserved by nitrous depositions in the caves. A fact of importance is stated, that necklaces of a marine shell are found at Zacatecas, on the Pacific, where the Columbus of their forefathers probably therefore landed from Hindostan, or from the Malay or Chinese coast, or from their islands in the Indian Ocean.

TESSELATED PAVEMENT.

In a field adjoining the road leading from Rudston to Kilham, near Bridlington, a tesselated pavement, about six inches from the surface, was uncoveredthe tesseræ differing in size from 14 inch toinch, colours white, red, and blue,white prevailing; laid in lines and forming diamonds-extending over a surface of about 4 yards by 3 yards, walled round on three sides with large rough stones similar to the chalk stones of the Wolds. A great part of the pavement had been destroyed at a former period by some labourers, who had dug it up in the hope of finding treasure; it contained red bricks, of a square form, 94 inches by 8 inches, 14 inch thick; pieces of plaster, smooth on one side and painted, some red all over, some in lines, and some with dashes of red and green, apparently water colours. Below this, at about 3 feet from the surface, were a number of tiles, in regular order, slightly curved, and having a flank at each side. They were placed flank to flank one with another, having the hollow side downward. The top surface presented an indented half circle, extending from one end to about onethird of the whole length. The size of

each tile is about 15 inches by 11, and about of an inch in thickness. Immediately under these was another layer of the same sort of tiles, laid in the same manner, but transversely with the other. Below these was a small quantity of exceedingly black ashes, and near were some pieces of a rather bony-like substance, porous, and having a great semblance to the incrusted moss from the Dropping Well at Knaresborough. Still lower was thickness, and then a bed of fine natural a layer of fine rich earth, a few inches in red clay, probably the material similar to that of which the bricks and tiles had been formed. From the description of these remains the building may be supposed to have been a bath.

SUBTERRANEAN FOREST.

The capacious bonding-pond, which is now being excavated at South Stockton, has led to the discovery of an extensive subterranean forest. The timber is chiefly oak. A yew tree, of considerable size, has been found, the wood of which is sound and good, and fit for the turner's lathe. Many of the oaks are of large dimensions, and it is expected some of them will be suitable for the purpose of building. Whilst examining this forest, Dr. Young, of Whitby, with some friends, discovered one of the oaks to have been cut in two, which had evidently been done previous to its being covered by the earth. He supposes the forest may have been cut down by the Roman soldiers, as they were in the habit of laying timber on the low swampy grounds, for the purpose of making roads. Be this as it may, it is certain the hand of man has been exerted on the timber, and it may form a fertile subject for the lover of ancient history and the geologist to speculate on.

HUMAN SKELETONS AT GLOUCESTER.

The men employed in excavating in the new market, Gloucester, for the works connected with the intended depot of the Gloucester and Birmingham Railway, discovered, at the depth of some feet, two they are the remains of the soldiers who dozen skeletons. It is supposed that fell in 1640, when Charles I. besieged the city, the spot where they were found being near to the north gate, around which there was great carnage. A military button, on which there is the figure 9, surmounted by a crown, and, in the usual part, the maker's name, " C. Jennings, London," was also found, together with a spur, and a horse's skull and a leg in a decayed state. Most of the skeletons have been re-buried.

HOUSE OF COMMONS, Aug. 15. The COUNTY AND DISTRICT CONSTABLES Bill, for the establishment of a Rural Police, was taken into further consideration, and some discussion ensued on a provision proposed by Lord Granville Somerset that nothing in the Bill should invalidate the appointment of parish constables, on which the House divided, and the proviso was rejected by 32 to 30, which implies that the parish constables are to be done away with. The motion that the bill do pass was opposed by Mr. D'Israeli; but on a division it was carried by 45 to 13, and sent up to the Lords; who passed it on the 24th.

Aug. 19.-Mr. Rice moved that the House resolve itself into committee on the BANK OF IRELAND Bill.-Mr. O'Connell expressed his determination of continuing his opposition to the progress of the measure, which he regarded as an odious monopoly, and moved, as an amendment, that the House do proceed to the next order of the day. This amendment being negatived, he proposed several others, which shared the same fate; but he nevertheless contrived to prevent the Bill being proceeded with on that day. The Reports of the CONSOLIDATED FUND APPROPRIATION Bill and the EXCHEQUER-BILLS' (12,026,0507.) Bill were brought up, and agreed to, and ordered to be read a third time to-morrow.-Mr. Rice explained to the House his plan of Funding Exchequer-bills, as modified by the circumstances and results of the late competition. He should require an Act of Parliament, of which the three resolutions moved by him would form the basis. The first resolution went to effectuate that part of the measure which consisted in the arrangement of 500,000l. with the Bank of England, by declaring that the purchasers were entitled to 1091. 5s. 10d. Three per Cent. Consols for every Exchequer-bill of 1007. The second resolution declared that such persons as might be willing to contract for the remaining 3,500,000l., or any part thereof, should be entitled for every Exchequer Bill of 100l. to 1107. Consols; and Mr. Rice stated that he already was aware of intended contracts at that price to the extent of 700,000l. The third

resolution declared, that, if the two former contracts did not exhaust the whole

4,000,0001. of Exchequer-bills, whatever exchanged with Government in sums of should remain on a certain day might be not less than 10007., for such an amount of Consols as those remaining bills would have brought at the average price of the three months then preceding.-Mr. Herries said this step ought to have been intimated in the statement of the Budget. One of the most serious considerations connected with it was, that it created a permanent charge, without meeting that charge by a permanent provision, which had not been the usual course of financial Ministers. The Resolutions were re

ported.

Aug. 20.-Mr. Rice announced his intention of not persevering with the BANK OF IRELAND Bill. He afterwards obtained leave to bring in a Bill to continue the Act relating to the Bank of Ireland for and a resolution for the funding of 900,0007. one year, which was read a first time; Bank of Ireland was agreed to. of Exchequer-bills in the hands of the

On the 27th of August her Majesty went to the House of Peers, and delivered the following most gracious Speech :

"My Lords and Gentlemen,

"The public business having been brought to a close, I have now the satisfactory duty of releasing you from your long and laborious attendance in Parlia

ment.

“I rejoice that a definitive Treaty between Holland and Belgium, negoti ated by the mediation of the Five Powers, has settled the differences between those two countries, and has secured the peace of Europe from dangers to which it had so long been exposed.

"The same concord which brought these intricate questions to a peaceful termination prevails with regard to the affairs of the Levant. The Five Powers are alike determined to uphold the independence and integrity of the Ottoman Empire; and I trust that this union will insure a satisfactory settlement of matters which are of the deepest importance to the whole of Europe.

"It has afforded me the sincerest plea

the corps, said, "Wherever the King is, there is no other General." The troops remained silent. He then rode before the line of the third battalion, consisting also of Castilians, who saluted him with the same cries as the second. Seeing this, Don Carlos discontinued the review, and immediately left for Bergara. He had, however, scarcely reached that town when he received an express, informing him that Maroto had gone over to the Christinos, and advising him to repair without delay to Navarre, if he did not wish to be overtaken and delivered into the hands of the enemy.

The next day Maroto had an interview with Espartero, between Bergara and Villareal; and on the 29th they concluded a treaty of peace, depending on the ratification of the Cortes, for the pacification of Biscay and Guipuzcoa. The following are the principal conditions-voluntary submission on granting the fueros to the inhabitants, maintaining the rank of the Carlist officers, and granting pensions to the wounded. The 25 battalions and 10 squadrons of Maroto are to lay down their arms. This news was received at Madrid with the greatest enthusiasm. Both the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies went up with addresses to the Queen, congratulating her on the auspicious event; and the Queen has won all hearts by stating in her reply that the great work was accomplished by Spaniards alone. All the Spanish papers repeat these words with similar delight, and each contains an article asserting that neither France nor England have given any effectual aid in the negotiation, and that the whole is the work of General Espartero.

On the 14th Sept. Don Carlos took refuge in France by the road of Ainhoa and St. Pé: a very numerous immigration of his adherents had taken place for some days before. The French government has assigned Bourges for his temporary residence. Louis-Philippe has conferred the grand cordon of the Legion of Honour on General Espartero, Duke of Vittoria.

SWITZERLAND.

On the 6th Sept. a serious riot took place at Zurich, arising from the following circumstances.

Some months ago the government of Zurich called from Germany, to fill the theological chair of the university, the neologian Professor Strauss, whose doctrines had excited great sensation. This appointment, although strictly legal, met with great opposition from what is termed the orthodox part of the population, influenced by the Committee of Faith, and

which had a correspondence with the communes. Dr. Strauss, although retaining his post, was unable, from the clamour raised against him, to perform the duties attached to it. The committee, appealing to popular feeling, put forth a circular, complaining that religion was in danger from the laws preparing by the govern ment against the schools, and calling upon the communes to send in petitions to the grand council. The executive council, on its side, sent forth a proclamation, prohibiting the communes from deliberating on the orders of the central committee. The committee of faith retorted by another circular, which the executive council, regarding as seditious, seized, and instituted a prosecution against its authors. In consequence of this, the Committee of Faith called upon the citizens to assemble on the 2d Sept. at Kloten, a village two leagues from Zurich.

In the night of the 5th, large bodies of peasants assembled under the walls of the town, demanding, first, that the Canton of Zurich should withdraw from the concordat of 1831; and, secondly, that the executive council should engage not to apply in any case for federal aid. On the morning of the 6th one of these bands penetrated into the town, and the arsenal was attacked by between 5000 and 6000 persons, but not more than 100 had firearms; the rest were armed with hatchets, pikes, and bludgeons. They engaged with a body of militia, which was under arms, in a conflict, at the end of which, not being in sufficient strength, the peasants were compelled to evacuate the town. In this skirmish eight persons were killed, and about 20 wounded. Heyetschweifer, a member of the executive council, was seriously wounded. The executive council dissolved itself, and its members spontaneously constituted themselves into a federal council of state. They proceeded to elect a member to replace the one who had been wounded, and another who had given in his resignation. This measure appears to have re-established a calm.

TURKEY.

M.

Accounts from Constantinople, dated July 30, state that the Divan, after three extraordinary sittings, had signified its acceptance of the propositions of the Egyptian Viceroy, Mehemet Ali; and had thus granted him the hereditary possession of the whole of the provinces under his government.

INDIA.

Runjeet Singh died at Simla on the 27th June, in the 60th year of his age,

and has been peaceably succeeded by his son, Kheruck Singh.

The following interesting passage is extracted from a letter addressed by the Bishop of Calcutta to the Earl of Chi. chester:-" It appears that between fiftyfive and sixty villages are thirsting for the waters of life, in a greater or less degree; they stretch to the north and north-east of Kishnaghur, on the Jelingha, to the distance of forty or fifty miles, and to the south-west fifteen or twenty. The numbers described as prepared for holy baptism-in various measures of course-are between 3000 and 2500. The archdeacon assisted himself at the reception of about 500 souls, including women and children, into the Christian church, and there seems the fairest prospect, if we can but enter at the wide door in time, that not only these 3000 or 4000, but the whole population of the fifty or sixty villages may receive the Christian faith, and resemble our Christian villages in the times of our Anglo-Saxon forefathers. Such a glorious scene has never yet been presented to our longing eyes in Bengal! and, after

making all deductions for over-statements, sanguine hopes, the existence of secular motives, and the instability of large numbers-nay, after allowing for the influence of the temporal relief which was exhibited to the sufferers, Christian and heathen, by one of those inundations to which the sandy banks of the Jelingha are peculiarly liable, and which occurred during the progress of this religious awakening, and which excited a natural admiration, as it ought to do, in the neighbourhood, and contributed to augment the number of our inquirers-admitting all this, and as much more as the most timid observer can require, it still appears that a mighty work of Divine Grace is begun-a work wide and permanent, as we trust-a work marking the finger of God—a work which will demand, and warrant, and repay, all our pastoral care, anxiety, and labour-a labour for which our fathers in India, Brown, Buchanan, Martyn, Thomason, and Bishops Corrie, Middleton, and Heber, would have blessed and praised God, in the loudest strains of gratitude and joy."

Aug. 28. A magnificent festivity, in imitation of the ancient Tournaments, which has been for two years in preparation, at the expense of the young Earl of Eglintoun, commenced on this day at his Lordship's seat, Eglintoun Castle, near the coast of Ayrshire. The place chosen for the lists lies about a quarter of a mile to the east of the castle, surrounded by very beautiful scenery. The arena was about four square acres, around which was erected a fence, engrossing 12,000 square feet of boarding. The barrier in the centre of the ground, along which the jousting took place, measured 300 feet. Two galleries were erected, one to accommodate 1000 and the 2000 persons; in the former were placed the private friends of the Earl and the Knights; in the latter, those strangers who had obtained tickets (granted gratuitously) from Messrs. Pratt of Bond-street. Nearer the castle were erected two temporary saloons, each 250 feet long, for the banquet and the ball.